118 令人震撼之处经

"比丘们,对于有信仰的善男子来说,有四处应当去看、会令人震撼的地方。是哪四处呢?

'这里是如来诞生之处',比丘们,这是有信仰的善男子应当去看、会令人震撼的地方。

'这里是如来证得无上正等正觉之处',比丘们,这是有信仰的善男子应当去看、会令人震撼的地方。

'这里是如来转无上法轮之处',比丘们,这是有信仰的善男子应当去看、会令人震撼的地方。

'这里是如来入无余涅槃之处',比丘们,这是有信仰的善男子应当去看、会令人震撼的地方。

比丘们,这就是有信仰的善男子的四处应当去看、会令人震撼的地方。"

119 第一怖畏经

"比丘们,有四种怖畏。是哪四种呢?生的怖畏、老的怖畏、病的怖畏、死的怖畏 比丘们,这就是四种怖畏。"

120 第二怖畏经

"比丘们,有四种怖畏。是哪四种呢?火的怖畏、水的怖畏、王的怖畏、盗贼的怖畏 比丘们,这就是四种怖畏。"

121 自责怖畏经

"比丘们,有四种怖畏。是哪四种呢?自责的怖畏、他人责备的怖畏、刑罚的怖畏、恶趣的怖畏。

什么是自责的怖畏呢?在此,比丘们,有人这样思维:'如果我以身造恶行,以语造恶行,以意造恶行,为什么我的自我不会因戒行而责备我呢?'他因为害怕自责,便断除身恶行而修习身善行,断除语恶行而修习语善行,断除意恶行而修习意善行,保持清净的自我。比丘们,这就叫做自责的怖畏。

什么是他人责备的怖畏呢?在此,比丘们,有人这样思维:'如果我以身造恶行,以语造恶行,以意造恶行,为什么他人不会因戒行而责备我呢?'他因为害怕他人责备,便断除身恶行而修习身善行,断除语恶行而修习语善行,断除意恶行而修习意善行,保持清净的自我。比丘们,这就叫做他人责备的怖畏。

什么是刑罚的怖畏呢?在此,比丘们,有人看见盗贼作恶,国王捕获后对他们施以各种刑罚:用鞭打、用棍打、用短棒打,砍断手、砍断脚、砍断手脚,割耳、割鼻、割耳鼻,施以锅刑、贝壳刑、罗睺口刑、火鬘刑、手炬刑、草衣刑、树皮衣刑、羚羊刑、钩肉刑、钱刑、碱浴刑、转棒刑、草席刑,浇热油、让狗咬、活着上刑柱、用剑砍头。

他这样想:'因为做了这样的恶业,盗贼们被国王抓获并受到各种刑罚...如果我做这样的恶业,国王也会抓我并对我施以这些刑罚...'。他因为害怕刑罚,便不去抢夺他人财物。他断除身恶行...保持清净的自我。比丘们,这就叫做刑罚的怖畏。

什么是恶趣的怖畏呢?在此,比丘们,有人这样思维:'身恶行在来世会有恶报,语恶行在来世会有恶报,意恶行在来世会有恶报。如果我以身造恶行,以语造恶行,以意造恶行,为什么我在身坏命终后不会堕入恶趣、恶道、地狱呢?'他因为害怕恶趣,便断除身恶行而修习身善行,断除语恶行而修习语善行,断除意恶行而修习意善行,保持清净的自我。比丘们,这就叫做恶趣的怖畏。

比丘们,这就是四种怖畏。"

巴利语原版经文

118/ 8. Saṃvejanīyasuttaṃ

　　 118. “Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, saddhassa kulaputtassa dassanīyāni saṃvejanīyāni ṭhānāni. Katamāni cattāri? ‘Idha tathāgato jāto’ti, bhikkhave, saddhassa kulaputtassa dassanīyaṃ saṃvejanīyaṃ ṭhānaṃ. ‘Idha tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti, bhikkhave, saddhassa kulaputtassa dassanīyaṃ saṃvejanīyaṃ ṭhānaṃ. ‘Idha tathāgato anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattesī’ti, bhikkhave, saddhassa kulaputtassa dassanīyaṃ saṃvejanīyaṃ ṭhānaṃ. ‘Idha tathāgato anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbuto’ti bhikkhave, saddhassa kulaputtassa dassanīyaṃ saṃvejanīyaṃ ṭhānaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri saddhassa kulaputtassa dassanīyāni saṃvejanīyāni ṭhānānī”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

119/ 9. Paṭhamabhayasuttaṃ

　　 119. “Cattārimāni bhikkhave, bhayāni. Katamāni cattāri? Jātibhayaṃ, jarābhayaṃ, byādhibhayaṃ, maraṇabhayaṃ– imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayānī”ti. Navamaṃ.

120/ 10. Dutiyabhayasuttaṃ

　　 120. “Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, bhayāni. Katamāni cattāri? Aggibhayaṃ, udakabhayaṃ, rājabhayaṃ, corabhayaṃ– imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayānī”ti. Dasamaṃ.

　　 Kesivaggo dutiyo.

　　 Tassuddānaṃ–

　　 Kesi javo patodo ca, nāgo ṭhānena pañcamaṃ;

　　 Appamādo ca ārakkho, saṃvejanīyañca dve bhayāti.

(13) 3. Bhayavaggo

121/ 1. Attānuvādasuttaṃ

　　 121. “Cattārimāni bhikkhave, bhayāni. Katamāni cattāri? Attānuvādabhayaṃ, parānuvādabhayaṃ, daṇḍabhayaṃ, duggatibhayaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, attānuvādabhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘ahañceva kho pana kāyena duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, vācāya duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, manasā duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, kiñca taṃ yaṃ maṃ attā sīlato na upavadeyyā’ti! So attānuvādabhayassa bhīto kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, attānuvādabhayaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, parānuvādabhayaṃ? Idha bhikkhave, ekacco iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘ahañceva kho pana kāyena duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, vācāya duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, manasā duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, kiñca taṃ yaṃ maṃ pare sīlato na upavadeyyun’ti! So parānuvādabhayassa bhīto kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, parānuvādabhayaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, daṇḍabhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco passati coraṃ āgucāriṃ, rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente, kasāhipi tāḷente, vettehipi tāḷente, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente, hatthampi chindante, pādampi chindante, hatthapādampi chindante, kaṇṇampi chindante, nāsampi chindante, kaṇṇanāsampi chindante, bilaṅgathālikampi karonte, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte, rāhumukhampi karonte, jotimālikampi karonte, hatthapajjotikampi karonte, erakavattikampi karonte, cīrakavāsikampi karonte, eṇeyyakampi karonte, balisamaṃsikampi karonte, kahāpaṇakampi karonte, khārāpatacchikampi karonte, palighaparivattikampi karonte, palālapīṭhakampi karonte, tattenapi telena osiñcante, sunakhehipi khādāpente, jīvantampi sūle uttāsente, asināpi sīsaṃ chindante.

　　 “Tassa evaṃ hoti– ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu coraṃ āgucāriṃ rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti, kasāhipi tāḷenti …pe… asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti, ahañceva kho pana evarūpaṃ pāpakammaṃ kareyyaṃ, mampi rājāno gahetvā evarūpā vividhā kammakāraṇā kāreyyuṃ, kasāhipi tāḷeyyuṃ, vettehipi tāḷeyyuṃ, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷeyyuṃ, hatthampi chindeyyuṃ, pādampi chindeyyuṃ, hatthapādampi chindeyyuṃ, kaṇṇampi chindeyyuṃ, nāsampi chindeyyuṃ, kaṇṇanāsampi chindeyyuṃ, bilaṅgathālikampi kareyyuṃ, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi kareyyuṃ; rāhumukhampi kareyyuṃ, jotimālikampi kareyyuṃ, hatthapajjotikampi kareyyuṃ, erakavattikampi kareyyuṃ, cīrakavāsikampi kareyyuṃ, eṇeyyakampi kareyyuṃ, balisamaṃsikampi kareyyuṃ, kahāpaṇakampi kareyyuṃ, khārāpatacchikampi kareyyuṃ, palighaparivattikampi kareyyuṃ, palālapīṭhakampi kareyyuṃ, tattenapi telena osiñceyyuṃ, sunakhehipi khādāpeyyuṃ, jīvantampi sūle uttāseyyuṃ, asināpi sīsaṃ chindeyyun’ti. So daṇḍabhayassa bhīto na paresaṃ pābhataṃ vilumpanto carati. Kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya …pe… suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, daṇḍabhayaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca bhikkhave, duggatibhayaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘kāyaduccaritassa kho pāpako vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ, vacīduccaritassa pāpako vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ, manoduccaritassa pāpako vipāko abhisamparāyaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana kāyena duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, vācāya duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, manasā duccaritaṃ careyyaṃ, kiñca taṃ yāhaṃ na kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyyan’ti! So duggatibhayassa bhīto kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya kāyasucaritaṃ bhāveti, vacīduccaritaṃ pahāya vacīsucaritaṃ bhāveti, manoduccaritaṃ pahāya manosucaritaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, duggatibhayaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayānī”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.