第一千三百零一章 处所经,不放逸经,守护经 增支部4集115经到117经
115 处所经
"比丘们,有四种处所。是哪四种?
有不愉快去做的事,做了会带来不利
有不愉快去做的事,做了会带来利益
有愉快去做的事,做了会带来不利
有愉快去做的事,做了会带来利益
对于第一种情况 - 不愉快且带来不利的事,从这两个方面来看都不应该去做。因为这事不愉快,所以不该做;因为会带来不利,所以也不该做。这种事从两个方面来说都不应该做。
对于第二种情况 - 不愉快但带来利益的事,在这种情况下可以分辨愚人和智者的勇气和毅力。愚人不会这样思考:'虽然这事不愉快,但做了会带来利益'。所以他不去做,结果反而对他不利。而智者会这样思考:'虽然这事不愉快,但做了会带来利益'。所以他去做,结果对他有利。
对于第三种情况 - 愉快但带来不利的事,在这种情况下也可以分辨愚人和智者。愚人不会思考:'虽然这事愉快,但做了会带来不利'。所以他去做,结果对他不利。而智者会思考:'虽然这事愉快,但做了会带来不利'。所以他不做,结果反而对他有利。
对于第四种情况 - 愉快且带来利益的事,从这两个方面来看都应该去做。因为这事愉快,所以该做;因为会带来利益,所以也该做。这种事从两个方面来说都应该做。这就是四种处所。"
116 不放逸经
"比丘们,在四种情况下应当保持不放逸。是哪四种?
应当断除身恶行,培养身善行,对此不可放逸
应当断除语恶行,培养语善行,对此不可放逸
应当断除意恶行,培养意善行,对此不可放逸
应当断除邪见,培养正见,对此不可放逸
当比丘断除了身恶行而培养了身善行,断除了语恶行而培养了语善行,断除了意恶行而培养了意善行,断除了邪见而培养了正见,他就不会害怕死后的命运。"
117 守护经
"比丘们,对于四种情况,应当以适当的方式保持不放逸,守护心念。是哪四种?
'愿我的心不贪著于可贪之法',应当以适当的方式保持不放逸,守护心念
'愿我的心不瞋恨于可瞋之法',应当以适当的方式保持不放逸,守护心念
'愿我的心不愚痴于可痴之法',应当以适当的方式保持不放逸,守护心念
'愿我的心不迷醉于可醉之法',应当以适当的方式保持不放逸,守护心念
当比丘因离贪故心不贪著于可贪之法,因离瞋故心不瞋恨于可瞋之法,因离痴故心不愚痴于可痴之法,因离醉故心不迷醉于可醉之法时,他就不会恐惧、不会战栗、不会动摇、不会惊慌,也不会因沙门的言论而动摇。"
巴利语原版经文
115/ 5. Ṭhānasuttaṃ
115. “Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ṭhānāni. Katamāni cattāri? Atthi, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ amanāpaṃ kātuṃ; tañca kayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattati. Atthi, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ amanāpaṃ kātuṃ; tañca kayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattati. Atthi, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ manāpaṃ kātuṃ; tañca kayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattati. Atthi, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ manāpaṃ kātuṃ; tañca kayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattati.
“Tatra, bhikkhave, yamidaṃ ṭhānaṃ amanāpaṃ kātuṃ; tañca kayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattati– idaṃ, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ ubhayeneva na kattabbaṃ maññati. Yampidaṃ ṭhānaṃ amanāpaṃ kātuṃ; imināpi naṃ na kattabbaṃ maññati. Yampidaṃ ṭhānaṃ kayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattati; imināpi naṃ na kattabbaṃ maññati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ ubhayeneva na kattabbaṃ maññati.
“Tatra, bhikkhave, yamidaṃ ṭhānaṃ amanāpaṃ kātuṃ; tañca kayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattati– imasmiṃ, bhikkhave, ṭhāne bālo ca paṇḍito ca veditabbo purisathāme purisavīriye purisaparakkame. Na, bhikkhave, bālo iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘kiñcāpi kho idaṃ ṭhānaṃ amanāpaṃ kātuṃ; atha carahidaṃ ṭhānaṃ kayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattatī’ti. So taṃ ṭhānaṃ na karoti. Tassa taṃ ṭhānaṃ akayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattati. Paṇḍito ca kho, bhikkhave, iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘kiñcāpi kho idaṃ ṭhānaṃ amanāpaṃ kātuṃ; atha carahidaṃ ṭhānaṃ kayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattatī’ti. So taṃ ṭhānaṃ karoti. Tassa taṃ ṭhānaṃ kayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattati.
“Tatra, bhikkhave, yamidaṃ ṭhānaṃ manāpaṃ kātuṃ; tañca kayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattati– imasmimpi, bhikkhave, ṭhāne bālo ca paṇḍito ca veditabbo purisathāme purisavīriye purisaparakkame. Na, bhikkhave, bālo iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘kiñcāpi kho idaṃ ṭhānaṃ manāpaṃ kātuṃ; atha carahidaṃ ṭhānaṃ kayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattatī’ti. So taṃ ṭhānaṃ karoti. Tassa taṃ ṭhānaṃ kayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattati. Paṇḍito ca kho, bhikkhave, iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘kiñcāpi kho idaṃ ṭhānaṃ manāpaṃ kātuṃ; atha carahidaṃ ṭhānaṃ kayiramānaṃ anatthāya saṃvattatī’ti. So taṃ ṭhānaṃ na karoti. Tassa taṃ ṭhānaṃ akayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattati.
“Tatra, bhikkhave, yamidaṃ ṭhānaṃ manāpaṃ kātuṃ, tañca kayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattati– idaṃ, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ ubhayeneva kattabbaṃ maññati. Yampidaṃ ṭhānaṃ manāpaṃ kātuṃ, imināpi naṃ kattabbaṃ maññati; yampidaṃ ṭhānaṃ kayiramānaṃ atthāya saṃvattati, imināpi naṃ kattabbaṃ maññati. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, ṭhānaṃ ubhayeneva kattabbaṃ maññati. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ṭhānānī”ti. Pañcamaṃ.
116/ 6. Appamādasuttaṃ
116. “Catūhi, bhikkhave, ṭhānehi appamādo karaṇīyo. Katamehi catūhi? Kāyaduccaritaṃ, bhikkhave, pajahatha, kāyasucaritaṃ bhāvetha; tattha ca mā pamādattha. Vacīduccaritaṃ, bhikkhave, pajahatha, vacīsucaritaṃ bhāvetha; tattha ca mā pamādattha. Manoduccaritaṃ, bhikkhave, pajahatha, manosucaritaṃ bhāvetha; tattha ca mā pamādattha. Micchādiṭṭhiṃ, bhikkhave, pajahatha, sammādiṭṭhiṃ bhāvetha tattha ca mā pamādattha.
“Yato kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kāyaduccaritaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti kāyasucaritaṃ bhāvitaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti vacīsucaritaṃ bhāvitaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti manosucaritaṃ bhāvitaṃ, micchādiṭṭhi pahīnā hoti sammādiṭṭhi bhāvitā, so na bhāyati samparāyikassa maraṇassā”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
117/ 7. Ārakkhasuttaṃ
117. “Catūsu, bhikkhave, ṭhānesu attarūpena appamādo sati cetaso ārakkho karaṇīyo. Katamesu catūsu? ‘Mā me rajanīyesu dhammesu cittaṃ rajjī’ti attarūpena appamādo sati cetaso ārakkho karaṇīyo; ‘mā me dosanīyesu dhammesu cittaṃ dussī’ti attarūpena appamādo sati cetaso ārakkho karaṇīyo; ‘mā me mohanīyesu dhammesu cittaṃ muyhī’ti attarūpena appamādo sati cetaso ārakkho karaṇīyo; ‘mā me madanīyesu dhammesu cittaṃ majjī’ti attarūpena appamādo sati cetaso ārakkho karaṇīyo.
“Yato kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno rajanīyesu dhammesu cittaṃ na rajjati vītarāgattā, dosanīyesu dhammesu cittaṃ na dussati vītadosattā, mohanīyesu dhammesu cittaṃ na muyhati vītamohattā, madanīyesu dhammesu cittaṃ na majjati vītamadattā, so na chambhati na kampati na vedhati na santāsaṃ āpajjati, na ca pana samaṇavacanahetupi gacchatī”ti. Sattamaṃ.