增支部3集79经到81经

79.戒禁取经

这时,尊者阿难来到世尊所在之处。来到后,向世尊致敬,然后坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的尊者阿难说:"阿难,所有的戒律、仪式、生活、梵行、侍奉都是有结果的吗?"

"世尊,这不能一概而论。"

"那么,阿难,请你详细解释。"

"世尊,如果有人遵循某种戒律、仪式、生活、梵行、侍奉,而不善法增长,善法减退,这样的戒律、仪式、生活、梵行、侍奉是没有结果的。但是,世尊,如果有人遵循某种戒律、仪式、生活、梵行、侍奉,而不善法减退,善法增长,这样的戒律、仪式、生活、梵行、侍奉是有结果的。"尊者阿难如此说,导师表示赞同。

然后,尊者阿难想:"导师赞同我。"于是从座位上起身,向世尊致敬,右绕后离去。在尊者阿难离开后不久,世尊对比丘们说:"比丘们,阿难还是一个有学,但是很难找到在智慧上与他相当的人。"

80.香类经

这时,尊者阿难来到世尊所在之处。来到后,向世尊致敬,然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿难对世尊说:

"世尊,有三种香,它们的香味只能顺风传播,不能逆风传播。是哪三种呢?根香、心材香、花香 - 世尊,这三种香只能顺风传播,不能逆风传播。世尊,有没有什么香既能顺风传播,又能逆风传播,还能顺风逆风同时传播呢?"

"阿难,有一种香既能顺风传播,又能逆风传播,还能顺风逆风同时传播。"

"世尊,是什么香既能顺风传播,又能逆风传播,还能顺风逆风同时传播呢?"

"阿难,在这里,如果在某个村庄或城镇中,有男子或女子皈依佛、皈依法、皈依僧,远离杀生、远离不与取、远离邪淫、远离妄语、远离饮酒,持戒、品德良好,内心没有吝啬的污垢,在家中生活,乐于布施,乐于分享。

"各方的沙门婆罗门都会赞叹他们说:'在某某村庄或城镇中,有男子或女子皈依佛、皈依法、皈依僧,远离杀生、远离不与取、远离邪淫、远离妄语、远离饮酒,持戒、品德良好,内心没有吝啬的污垢,在家中生活,乐于布施,乐于分享。'

"诸天也会赞叹他们说:'在某某村庄或城镇中,有男子或女子皈依佛、皈依法、皈依僧,远离杀生...远离饮酒,持戒、品德良好,内心没有吝啬的污垢,在家中生活,乐于布施,乐于分享。'阿难,这就是那种既能顺风传播,又能逆风传播,还能顺风逆风同时传播的香。"

"花香不能逆风传,栴檀、多伽罗、茉莉香也不能。

但善人之香能逆风传,正直者的芳香遍及一切方向。"

81.小千世界经

这时,尊者阿难来到世尊所在之处。来到后,向世尊致敬,然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿难对世尊说:"世尊,我亲耳听到,亲自领受:'阿难,尸弃佛的弟子名叫阿毗浮,他站在梵天界,用声音使千世界系知晓。'那么,世尊,阿罗汉、正等正觉者能用声音使多大范围知晓呢?"

"阿难,他是弟子,如来是不可测量的。"

第二次,尊者阿难又对世尊说:"世尊,我亲耳听到,亲自领受:'阿难,尸弃佛的弟子名叫阿毗浮,他站在梵天界,用声音使千世界系知晓。'那么,世尊,阿罗汉、正等正觉者能用声音使多大范围知晓呢?"

"阿难,他是弟子,如来是不可测量的。"

第三次,尊者阿难又对世尊说:"世尊,我亲耳听到,亲自领受:'阿难,尸弃佛的弟子名叫阿毗浮,他站在梵天界,用声音使千世界系知晓。'那么,世尊,阿罗汉、正等正觉者能用声音使多大范围知晓呢?"

"阿难,你听说过小千世界系吗?"

"世尊,现在正是时候,善逝,现在正是时候!请世尊解说,比丘们听了会牢记在心。"

"那么,阿难,仔细听,好好思考,我要说了。" 

"是的,世尊。"尊者阿难回答世尊。世尊说:

"阿难,日月运行照亮四方的范围,就是一个千倍世界。在这千倍世界中,有一千个月亮,一千个太阳,一千座须弥山王,一千个阎浮提,一千个西牛货洲,一千个北俱卢洲,一千个东毗提诃洲,四千个大海,四千个大王,一千个四大王天,一千个三十三天,一千个夜摩天,一千个兜率天,一千个化乐天,一千个他化自在天,一千个梵世界 - 阿难,这就叫做小千世界系。

"阿难,小千世界系的一千倍,就叫做中千世界系。

"阿难,中千世界系的一千倍,就叫做大千世界系。

"阿难,如来若愿意,可以用声音使大千世界系知晓,甚至可以使更远的范围知晓。"

"世尊,如来怎样能用声音使大千世界系知晓,甚至使更远的范围知晓呢?"

"阿难,这里,如来首先会以光明遍照大千世界系。当那里的众生觉察到这光明时,如来就会发出声音,使声音传播。阿难,这就是如来能用声音使大千世界系知晓,甚至使更远的范围知晓的方法。"

听了这话,尊者阿难对(尊者优陀夷)说:"我真是有福气,真是幸运,能有这样神通广大、威力无比的导师。"

听了这话,尊者优陀夷对尊者阿难说:"阿难贤友,你的导师有如此神通、如此威力,对你有什么好处呢?"

听了这话,世尊对尊者优陀夷说:"优陀夷,不要这样说,不要这样说。优陀夷,如果阿难未断尽贪欲就去世,由于他的信心清净,他会七次在天界做天王,七次在这阎浮提做大王。但是,优陀夷,阿难将在今生证得涅槃。"

第十经完。

阿难品第三结束。

其摘要如下:

阗那、阿耆毗伽、释迦、尼干陀、住处、

两个有、戒禁取、香类和小千世界。

巴利语原版经文

AN.3.79/ 8. Sīlabbatasuttaṃ

　　 79. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ bhagavā etadavoca– “sabbaṃ nu kho, ānanda, sīlabbataṃ jīvitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ upaṭṭhānasāraṃ saphalan”ti? “Na khvettha, bhante, ekaṃsenā”ti. “Tena hānanda, vibhajassū”ti.

　　 “Yañhissa, bhante, sīlabbataṃ jīvitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ upaṭṭhānasāraṃ sevato akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti kusalā dhammā parihāyanti, evarūpaṃ sīlabbataṃ jīvitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ upaṭṭhānasāraṃ aphalaṃ. Yañca khvāssa, bhante, sīlabbataṃ jīvitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ upaṭṭhānasāraṃ sevato akusalā dhammā parihāyanti, kusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, evarūpaṃ sīlabbataṃ jīvitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ upaṭṭhānasāraṃ saphalan”ti. Idamavoca āyasmā ānando; samanuñño satthā ahosi.

　　 Atha kho āyasmā ānando “samanuñño me satthā”ti, uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkante āyasmante ānande bhikkhū āmantesi– “sekho, bhikkhave, ānando; na ca panassa sulabharūpo samasamo paññāyā”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

AN.3.80/ 9. Gandhajātasuttaṃ

　　 80. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–

　　 “Tīṇimāni, bhante, gandhajātāni, yesaṃ anuvātaṃyeva gandho gacchati, no paṭivātaṃ. Katamāni tīṇi? Mūlagandho, sāragandho, pupphagandho– imāni kho, bhante, tīṇi gandhajātāni, yesaṃ anuvātaṃyeva gandho gacchati, no paṭivātaṃ. Atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci gandhajātaṃ yassa anuvātampi gandho gacchati, paṭivātampi gandho gacchati, anuvātapaṭivātampi gandho gacchatī”ti?

　　 “Atthānanda, kiñci gandhajātaṃ yassa anuvātampi gandho gacchati paṭivātampi gandho gacchati, anuvātapaṭivātampi gandho gacchatī”ti. “Katamañca pana, bhante, gandhajātaṃ yassa anuvātampi gandho gacchati, paṭivātampi gandho gacchati, anuvātapaṭivātampi gandho gacchatī”ti?

　　 “Idhānanda yasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā itthī vā puriso vā buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo, vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato.

　　 “Tassa disāsu samaṇabrāhmaṇā vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti– ‘amukasmiṃ nāma gāme vā nigame vā itthī vā puriso vā buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti, sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo, vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato’”ti.

　　 “Devatāpissa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti– ‘amukasmiṃ nāma gāme vā nigame vā itthī vā puriso vā buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato hoti, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti, sīlavā hoti kalyāṇadhammo, vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato’ti. Idaṃ kho taṃ, ānanda, gandhajātaṃ yassa anuvātampi gandho gacchati, paṭivātampi gandho gacchati, anuvātapaṭivātampi gandho gacchatī”ti.

　　“Na pupphagandho paṭivātameti, na candanaṃ tagaramallikā vā.

　　 Satañca gandho paṭivātameti, sabbā disā sappuriso pavāyatī”ti. Navamaṃ.

AN.3.81/ 10. Cūḷanikāsuttaṃ

　　 81. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “sammukhāmetaṃ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ‘bhagavato, ānanda, sikhissa abhibhū nāma sāvako brahmaloke ṭhito sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpesī’ti. Bhagavā pana, bhante, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kīvatakaṃ pahoti sarena viññāpetun”ti? “Sāvako so, ānanda, appameyyā tathāgatā”ti.

　　 Dutiyampi kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “sammukhā metaṃ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ‘bhagavato, ānanda, sikhissa abhibhū nāma sāvako brahmaloke ṭhito sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpesī’ti. Bhagavā pana, bhante, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kīvatakaṃ pahoti sarena viññāpetun”ti? “Sāvako so, ānanda, appameyyā tathāgatā”ti.

　　 Tatiyampi kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “sammukhāmetaṃ, bhante, bhagavato sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ‘bhagavato, ānanda, sikhissa abhibhū nāma sāvako brahmaloke ṭhito sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpesī’ti. Bhagavā pana, bhante, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kīvatakaṃ pahoti sarena viññāpetun”ti? “Sutā te, ānanda, sahassī cūḷanikā lokadhātū”ti? “Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo! Yaṃ bhagavā bhāseyya. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti. “Tenahānanda, suṇāhi sādhukaṃ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 “Yāvatā, ānanda, candimasūriyā pariharanti, disā bhanti virocanā, tāva sahassadhā loko. Tasmiṃ sahassadhā loke sahassaṃ candānaṃ, sahassaṃ sūriyānaṃ, sahassaṃ sinerupabbatarājānaṃ, sahassaṃ jambudīpānaṃ, sahassaṃ aparagoyānānaṃ, sahassaṃ uttarakurūnaṃ, sahassaṃ pubbavidehānaṃ, cattāri mahāsamuddasahassāni, cattāri mahārājasahassāni, sahassaṃ cātumahārājikānaṃ, sahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahassaṃ yāmānaṃ sahassaṃ tusitānaṃ, sahassaṃ nimmānaratīnaṃ, sahassaṃ paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ, sahassaṃ brahmalokānaṃ– ayaṃ vuccatānanda, sahassī cūḷanikā lokadhātu.

　　 “Yāvatānanda sahassī cūḷanikā lokadhātu tāva sahassadhā loko. Ayaṃ vuccatānanda, dvisahassī majjhimikā lokadhātu.

　　 “Yāvatānanda, dvisahassī majjhimikā lokadhātu tāva sahassadhā loko. Ayaṃ vuccatānanda, tisahassī mahāsahassī lokadhātu.

　　 “Ākaṅkhamāno, ānanda, tathāgato tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpeyya, yāvatā pana ākaṅkheyyā”ti.

　　 “Yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, bhagavā tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpeyya, yāvatā pana ākaṅkheyyā”ti? “Idhānanda, tathāgato tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātuṃ obhāsena phareyya. Yadā te sattā taṃ ālokaṃ sañjāneyyuṃ, atha tathāgato ghosaṃ kareyya saddamanussāveyya. Evaṃ kho, ānanda, tathāgato tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpeyya, yāvatā pana ākaṅkheyyā”ti.

　　 Evaṃ vutte āyasmā ānando (āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ) etadavoca– “lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me satthā evaṃmahiddhiko evaṃmahānubhāvo”ti. Evaṃ vutte āyasmā udāyī āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca– “kiṃ tuyhettha, āvuso ānanda, yadi te satthā evaṃmahiddhiko evaṃmahānubhāvo”ti? Evaṃ vutte bhagavā āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “mā hevaṃ, udāyi, mā hevaṃ, udāyi. Sace, udāyi, ānando avītarāgo kālaṃ kareyya, tena cittappasādena sattakkhattuṃ devesu devarajjaṃ kāreyya, sattakkhattuṃ imasmiṃyeva jambudīpe mahārajjaṃ kāreyya. Api ca, udāyi, ānando diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyissatī”ti. Dasamaṃ.

　　 Ānandavaggo tatiyo.

　　 Tassuddānaṃ–

　　 Channo ājīvako sakko, nigaṇṭho ca nivesako;

　　 Duve bhavā sīlabbataṃ, gandhajātañca cūḷanīti.