增支部3集29经到31经

29. 盲人经

"比丘们,这个世界上存在三种人。是哪三种?盲人、独眼人和双眼人。

"比丘们,什么是盲人?在这里,某些人没有能够获得未得到的财富或增加已得到的财富的那种眼睛;他也没有能够了解善恶法、有罪无罪法、低劣高尚法、黑白对应法的那种眼睛。比丘们,这被称为盲人。

"比丘们,什么是独眼人?在这里,某些人有能够获得未得到的财富或增加已得到的财富的那种眼睛;但是他没有能够了解善恶法、有罪无罪法、低劣高尚法、黑白对应法的那种眼睛。比丘们,这被称为独眼人。

"比丘们,什么是双眼人?在这里,某些人有能够获得未得到的财富或增加已得到的财富的那种眼睛;他也有能够了解善恶法、有罪无罪法、低劣高尚法、黑白对应法的那种眼睛。比丘们,这被称为双眼人。比丘们,这就是世界上存在的三种人。"

"既无适当的财富,也不积累功德;

两方面都失败,是失明的盲人。

另一种被称为独眼人;

他用不正当的方法寻求财富。

通过偷窃、欺骗和说谎,

他善于聚集财富,享受欲乐。

从这里去到地狱,独眼人受苦。

双眼人被称为最优秀的人;

他以正当方法获得财富,通过努力获得财产。

他以善意布施,心无杂念。

他到达美好的境地,到那里后不会悲伤。

应当远离盲人和独眼人;

应当亲近双眼人,最优秀的人。"

30. 倒置经

"比丘们,这个世界上存在三种人。是哪三种?倒置智慧的人、膝上智慧的人和广博智慧的人。

"比丘们,什么是倒置智慧的人?在这里,某些人经常去精舍听比丘们说法。比丘们为他宣说法,开始善、中间善、结尾善,有意义,文句优美,完整圆满,清净的梵行。他坐在那里时,对那个开示既不注意开头,不注意中间,也不注意结尾;从座位起身后,对那个开示也既不注意开头,不注意中间,也不注意结尾。比丘们,就像一个倒置的水罐,倒进去的水流出来而不会停留。同样地,比丘们,在这里某些人经常去精舍听比丘们说法。比丘们为他宣说法,开始善、中间善、结尾善,有意义,文句优美,完整圆满,清净的梵行。他坐在那里时,对那个开示既不注意开头,不注意中间,也不注意结尾;从座位起身后,对那个开示也既不注意开头,不注意中间,也不注意结尾。比丘们,这被称为倒置智慧的人。

"比丘们,什么是膝上智慧的人?在这里,某些人经常去精舍听比丘们说法。比丘们为他宣说法,开始善、中间善、结尾善,有意义,文句优美,完整圆满,清净的梵行。他坐在那里时,对那个开示注意开头,注意中间,也注意结尾;但从座位起身后,对那个开示既不注意开头,不注意中间,也不注意结尾。比丘们,就像一个人的膝上放满了各种食物 - 芝麻、大米、甜饼、枣子。他从座位起身时因忘记而把它们撒落。同样地,比丘们,在这里某些人经常去精舍听比丘们说法。比丘们为他宣说法,开始善、中间善、结尾善,有意义,文句优美,完整圆满,清净的梵行。他坐在那里时,对那个开示注意开头,注意中间,也注意结尾;但从座位起身后,对那个开示既不注意开头,不注意中间,也不注意结尾。比丘们,这被称为膝上智慧的人。

"比丘们,什么是广博智慧的人?在这里,某些人经常去精舍听比丘们说法。比丘们为他宣说法,开始善、中间善、结尾善,有意义,文句优美,完整圆满,清净的梵行。他坐在那里时,对那个开示注意开头,注意中间,也注意结尾;从座位起身后,对那个开示也注意开头,注意中间,也注意结尾。比丘们,就像一个正立的水罐,倒进去的水会停留而不会流出。同样地,比丘们,在这里某些人经常去精舍听比丘们说法。比丘们为他宣说法,开始善、中间善、结尾善,有意义,文句优美,完整圆满,清净的梵行。他坐在那里时,对那个开示注意开头,注意中间,也注意结尾;从座位起身后,对那个开示也注意开头,注意中间,也注意结尾。比丘们,这被称为广博智慧的人。比丘们,这就是世界上存在的三种人。"

"倒置智慧的人,愚昧无知,

即使经常去比丘那里。

对开示的开头、中间和结尾,

这样的人无法理解,因为他没有智慧。

膝上智慧的人比他稍好,

即使经常去比丘那里。

对开示的开头、中间和结尾,

这样的人坐在那里,能够理解文句。

但起身后就不知道了,所学的都忘记了。

广博智慧的人被称为比他们更好,

即使经常去比丘那里。

对开示的开头、中间和结尾,

这样的人坐在那里,能够理解文句。

他以最好的意图记住,心无杂念;

实践法随法,他将能够终结苦。"

第三品 人品

天使品

31. 梵天经

"比丘们,那些家庭中父母在家中受子女尊敬的,就是与梵天同在。比丘们,那些家庭中父母在家中受子女尊敬的,就是与最初的老师同在。比丘们,那些家庭中父母在家中受子女尊敬的,就是值得供养的。比丘们,'梵天'是父母的代名词。比丘们,'最初的老师'是父母的代名词。比丘们,'值得供养者'是父母的代名词。这是为什么?比丘们,父母对子女有很大恩惠,是养育者、抚养者,是这个世界的展示者。"

"父母被称为梵天,被称为最初的老师,

对子女来说是值得供养的,他们怜悯后代。

因此,智者应该礼敬他们,尊重他们;

以食物、饮料、衣服、卧具,

以按摩、沐浴和洗脚来服侍他们。

由于这种对父母的照顾,智者

在此世受赞扬,死后往生天界欢喜。"

巴利语原版经文

29/ 9. Andhasuttaṃ

　　 29. “Tayome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo? Andho, ekacakkhu, dvicakkhu. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo andho? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa tathārūpaṃ cakkhu na hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigaccheyya adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kareyya; tathārūpampissa cakkhu na hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā kusalākusale dhamme jāneyya, sāvajjānavajje dhamme jāneyya, hīnappaṇīte dhamme jāneyya, kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme jāneyya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo andho.

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo ekacakkhu? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa tathārūpaṃ cakkhu hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigaccheyya adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kareyya; tathārūpaṃ panassa cakkhu na hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā kusalākusale dhamme jāneyya, sāvajjānavajje dhamme jāneyya, hīnappaṇīte dhamme jāneyya, kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme jāneyya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo ekacakkhu.

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo dvicakkhu? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa tathārūpaṃ cakkhu hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā anadhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ adhigaccheyya, adhigataṃ vā bhogaṃ phātiṃ kareyya; tathārūpampissa cakkhu hoti yathārūpena cakkhunā kusalākusale dhamme jāneyya; sāvajjānavajje dhamme jāneyya, hīnappaṇīte dhamme jāneyya, kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme jāneyya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo dvicakkhu. ‘Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin’”ti.

　　“Na ceva bhogā tathārūpā, na ca puññāni kubbati;

　　Ubhayattha kaliggāho, andhassa hatacakkhuno.

　　“Athāparāyaṃ akkhāto, ekacakkhu ca puggalo;

　　Dhammādhammena saṭhoso, bhogāni pariyesati.

　　“Theyyena kūṭakammena, musāvādena cūbhayaṃ;

　　Kusalo hoti saṅghātuṃ, kāmabhogī ca mānavo.

　　Ito so nirayaṃ gantvā, ekacakkhu vihaññati.

　　“Dvicakkhu pana akkhāto, seṭṭho purisapuggalo;

　　Dhammaladdhehi bhogehi, uṭṭhānādhigataṃ dhanaṃ.

　　“Dadāti seṭṭhasaṅkappo, abyaggamānaso naro.

　　Upeti bhaddakaṃ ṭhānaṃ, yattha gantvā na socati.

　　“Andhañca ekacakkhuñca, ārakā parivajjaye;

　　Dvicakkhuṃ pana sevetha, seṭṭhaṃ purisapuggalan”ti. Navamaṃ.

30/ 10. Avakujjasuttaṃ

　　 30. “Tayome bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame tayo? Avakujjapañño puggalo, ucchaṅgapañño puggalo, puthupañño puggalo. Katamo ca, bhikkhave, avakujjapañño puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti; vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kumbho nikkujjo tatra udakaṃ āsittaṃ vivaṭṭati, no saṇṭhāti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti; vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya nevādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, avakujjapañño puggalo.

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, ucchaṅgapañño puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti; vuṭṭhito ca kho tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya nevādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, purisassa ucchaṅge nānākhajjakāni ākiṇṇāni– tilā taṇḍulā modakā badarā. So tamhā āsanā vuṭṭhahanto satisammosā pakireyya Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti; vuṭṭhito ca kho tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya neva ādiṃ manasi karoti, na majjhaṃ manasi karoti, na pariyosānaṃ manasi karoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ucchaṅgapañño puggalo.

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puthupañño puggalo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti; vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kumbho ukkujjo tatra udakaṃ āsittaṃ saṇṭhāti no vivaṭṭati; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo ārāmaṃ gantā hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike dhammassavanāya. Tassa bhikkhū dhammaṃ desenti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsenti. So tasmiṃ āsane nisinno tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti; vuṭṭhitopi tamhā āsanā tassā kathāya ādimpi manasi karoti, majjhampi manasi karoti, pariyosānampi manasi karoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puthupañño puggalo. ‘Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin’”ti.

　　“Avakujjapañño puriso, dummedho avicakkhaṇo;

　　Abhikkhaṇampi ce hoti, gantā bhikkhūna santike.

　　“Ādiṃ kathāya majjhañca, pariyosānañca tādiso;

　　Uggahetuṃ na sakkoti, paññā hissa na vijjati.

　　“Ucchaṅgapañño puriso, seyyo etena vuccati;

　　Abhikkhaṇampi ce hoti, gantā bhikkhūna santike.

　　“Ādiṃ kathāya majjhañca, pariyosānañca tādiso;

　　Nisinno āsane tasmiṃ, uggahetvāna byañjanaṃ.

　　Vuṭṭhito nappajānāti, gahitaṃ hissa mussati.

　　“Puthupañño ca puriso, seyyo etehi vuccati;

　　Abhikkhaṇampi ce hoti, gantā bhikkhūna santike.

　　“Ādiṃ kathāya majjhañca, pariyosānañca tādiso;

　　Nisinno āsane tasmiṃ, uggahetvāna byañjanaṃ.

　　“Dhāreti seṭṭhasaṅkappo, abyaggamānaso naro;

　　Dhammānudhammappaṭipanno, dukkhassantakaro siyā”ti. Dasamaṃ.

　　 Puggalavaggo tatiyo.

　　 Tassuddānaṃ–

　　 Samiddha -gilāna-saṅkhārā, bahukārā vajirena ca.

　　 Sevi-jiguccha-gūthabhāṇī, andho ca avakujjatāti.

4. Devadūtavaggo

31/ 1.Sabrahmakasuttaṃ

　　 31. “Sabrahmakāni bhikkhave, tāni kulāni yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. Sapubbācariyakāni, bhikkhave, tāni kulāni yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. Sāhuneyyāni bhikkhave, tāni kulāni yesaṃ puttānaṃ mātāpitaro ajjhāgāre pūjitā honti. ‘Brahmā’ti, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Pubbācariyā’ti, bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. ‘Āhuneyyā’ti bhikkhave, mātāpitūnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Bahukārā, bhikkhave, mātāpitaro puttānaṃ, āpādakā posakā, imassa lokassa dassetāroti.

　　“Brahmāti mātāpitaro, pubbācariyāti vuccare;

　　Āhuneyyā ca puttānaṃ, pajāya anukampakā.

　　“Tasmā hi ne namasseyya, sakkareyya ca paṇḍito;

　　Annena atha pānena, vatthena sayanena ca;

　　Ucchādanena nhāpanena, pādānaṃ dhovanena ca.

　　“Tāya naṃ pāricariyāya, mātāpitūsu paṇḍitā;

　　Idheva naṃ pasaṃsanti, pecca sagge pamodatī”ti . Paṭhamaṃ.