第一千三百六十六章 无学经,四方经,林野经,亲近家族经,随从沙门经 增支部5集108经到112经
108 无学经(第八经)
"诸比丘,具足五法的比丘,应受供养,应受款待,应受布施……(中略)……是世间无上的福田。
哪五法呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘具足无学的戒蕴,具足无学的定蕴,具足无学的慧蕴,具足无学的解脱蕴,具足无学的解脱知见蕴。诸比丘,具足此五法的比丘,应受供养……(中略)……是世间无上的福田。"
第八经终。
109 四方经(第九经)
"诸比丘,具足五法的比丘,是四方行者(到任何地方都能安住的人)。哪五法呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘持戒,以波罗提木叉的律仪防护而住,具足正行与行处,对微细的过失也见其怖畏,受持学处而学习;多闻,忆持所闻,积集所闻,凡是那些初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,宣说圆满清净的梵行之法,这样的法他多闻、忆持、口中熟诵、心中观察、以见善通达;他对随得的衣服、饮食、住处、病缘医药资具知足;对于四种属于增上心的、现法乐住的禅那,能随意获得、不难获得、无困难地获得;由诸漏的灭尽,于现法中自己以证智证得无漏的心解脱、慧解脱,具足而住。诸比丘,具足此五法的比丘,是四方行者。"
第九经终。
110 林野经(第十经)
"诸比丘,具足五法的比丘,足以使用阿兰若、林野、偏僻的住处。哪五法呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘持戒……(中略)……受持学处而学习;多闻……(中略)……以见善通达;精进而住,有力量、坚固努力、不舍弃善法的责任;对于四种属于增上心的、现法乐住的禅那,能随意获得、不难获得、无困难地获得;由诸漏的灭尽,于现法中自己以证智证得无漏的心解脱、慧解脱,具足而住。诸比丘,具足此五法的比丘,足以使用阿兰若、林野、偏僻的住处。"
第十经终。
安乐住品第一终。
其摄颂:
畏缩与怀疑、盗贼,细软、安乐为第五;
阿难、戒、无学,四方与林野。
(12) 第二 暗陀迦频陀品
111 亲近家族经(第一经)
"诸比丘,具足五法的亲近家族的比丘,在诸家族中不被喜爱、不被欢迎、不被尊敬、不被敬仰。哪五法呢?与不亲近的人表现得过于随便亲密;对不属于自己支配的东西擅自处置;与(被僧团)摈弃的人交往来往;对人附耳私语;过度地乞求。诸比丘,具足此五法的亲近家族的比丘,在诸家族中不被喜爱、不被欢迎、不被尊敬、不被敬仰。
诸比丘,具足五法的亲近家族的比丘,在诸家族中被喜爱、被欢迎、被尊敬、被敬仰。哪五法呢?不与不亲近的人表现得过于随便亲密;不对不属于自己支配的东西擅自处置;不与被摈弃的人交往来往;不对人附耳私语;不过度地乞求。诸比丘,具足此五法的亲近家族的比丘,在诸家族中被喜爱、被欢迎、被尊敬、被敬仰。"
第一经终。
112 随从沙门经(第二经)
"诸比丘,具足五法的随从沙门(随行弟子),不应被接纳。哪五法呢?走得太远或跟得太近;不接取钵中应拿的东西;当对方将要说出犯戒之语时不加以制止;在对方说话时,中途插嘴打断;愚钝,迟钝,口齿不清。诸比丘,具足此五法的随从沙门,不应被接纳。
诸比丘,具足五法的随从沙门,应被接纳。哪五法呢?走路不太远也不太近;接取钵中应拿的东西;当对方将要说出犯戒之语时加以制止;在对方说话时,不中途插嘴打断;有智慧,不迟钝,口齿清晰。诸比丘,具足此五法的随从沙门,应被接纳。"
第二经终。
巴利语原版经文
AN.5.108/ 8. Asekhasuttaṃ
108. “Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo …pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa.
“Katamehi, pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asekhena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena samādhikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena paññākkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena vimuttikkhandhena samannāgato hoti, asekhena vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhena samannāgato hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu āhuneyyo hoti …pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
AN.5.109/ 9. Cātuddisasuttaṃ
109. “Pañcahi bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu cātuddiso hoti. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; santuṭṭho hoti itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi, kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu cātuddiso hotī”ti. Navamaṃ.
AN.5.110/ 10. Araññasuttaṃ
110. “Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevituṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti …pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; āraddhavīriyo viharati thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu; catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī; āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevitun”ti. Dasamaṃ.
Phāsuvihāravaggo paṭhamo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Sārajjaṃ saṅkito coro, sukhumālaṃ phāsu pañcamaṃ;
Ānanda sīlāsekhā ca, cātuddiso araññena cāti.
(12) 2. Andhakavindavaggo
AN.5.111/ 1. Kulūpakasuttaṃ
111. “Pañcahi bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato kulūpako bhikkhu kulesu appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi pañcahi? Asanthavavissāsī ca hoti, anissaravikappī ca, vissaṭṭhupasevī ca, upakaṇṇakajappī ca, atiyācanako ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato kulūpako bhikkhu kulesu appiyo ca hoti amanāpo ca agaru ca abhāvanīyo ca.
“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato kulūpako bhikkhu kulesu piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo ca. Katamehi pañcahi? Na asanthavavissāsī ca hoti, na anissaravikappī ca, na vissaṭṭhupasevī ca, na upakaṇṇakajappī ca, na atiyācanako ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato kulūpako bhikkhu kulesu piyo ca hoti manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
AN.5.112/ 2. Pacchāsamaṇasuttaṃ
112. “Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato pacchāsamaṇo na ādātabbo. Katamehi pañcahi? Atidūre vā gacchati accāsanne vā na pattapariyāpannaṃ gaṇhati, āpattisāmantā bhaṇamānaṃ na nivāreti, bhaṇamānassa antarantarā kathaṃ opāteti, duppañño hoti jaḷo eḷamūgo. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato pacchāsamaṇo na ādātabbo.
“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato pacchāsamaṇo ādātabbo. Katamehi pañcahi? Nātidūre gacchati na accāsanne, pattapariyāpannaṃ gaṇhati, āpattisāmantā bhaṇamānaṃ nivāreti bhaṇamānassa na antarantarā kathaṃ opāteti, paññavā hoti ajaḷo aneḷamūgo. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato pacchāsamaṇo ādātabbo”ti. Dutiyaṃ.