相应部20相应10经到12经 猫经,豺狼经,第二豺狼经
10 猫经
[世尊]住在舍卫城。那时,有一位比丘过分频繁地拜访在家人家。其他比丘们对他说:"尊者,请不要过分频繁地拜访在家人家。"但这位比丘即使被其他比丘们这样劝告,也不停止。
于是,许多比丘前往世尊所在处,到达后向世尊礼敬,然后坐在一旁。坐好后,这些比丘对世尊说:"世尊,这里有一位比丘过分频繁地拜访在家人家。其他比丘们对他说:'尊者,请不要过分频繁地拜访在家人家。'但这位比丘即使被劝告也不停止。"
[世尊说:]"比丘们,从前有一只猫站在垃圾堆和路口之间,等待着一只嫩鼠,心想:'当这只嫩鼠出来觅食时,我就在那里抓住它吃掉。'后来,比丘们,那只嫩鼠出来觅食。那只猫抓住它,迅速咀嚼后吞下。它不仅吃掉了鼠的肠子,还吃掉了肠膜。因此它遭受死亡或濒死般的痛苦。"
"同样地,比丘们,这里某些比丘在早晨着衣持钵,进入村庄或市镇托钵,却不守护身,不守护语,不守护意,失去正念,诸根不收摄。他在那里看到衣着不整或衣着暴露的女人。看到这样的女人后,贪欲扰乱他的心。因贪欲扰乱的心,他遭受死亡或濒死般的痛苦。比丘们,在圣者律中,放弃学处返回低劣生活就是死亡。比丘们,犯下某些污染性的戒,这就是濒死般的痛苦,虽然这种戒是可以忏悔的。因此,比丘们,应当这样学习:'我们将以守护的身、守护的语、守护的意,具足正念,诸根收摄而进入村庄或市镇托钵。'比丘们,你们应当如此学习。"第十经。
11 豺狼经
[世尊]住在舍卫城......[世尊问:]"比丘们,你们有没有听到深夜时分老豺的叫声?"
"是的,世尊。"
"比丘们,那只老豺患有一种叫做疥癣的皮肤病。它想去哪里就去哪里;想站在哪里就站在哪里;想坐在哪里就坐在哪里;想躺在哪里就躺在哪里;冷风吹拂着它。比丘们,如果有人自称是释迦子弟却要经历这样的生存状态,那真是不幸。因此,比丘们,应当这样学习:'我们将保持不放逸而住。'比丘们,你们应当如此学习。"第十一经。
12 第二豺狼经
[世尊]住在舍卫城......[世尊问:]"比丘们,你们有没有听到深夜时分老豺的叫声?"
"是的,世尊。"
"比丘们,那只老豺可能还有一些知恩感恩之心,但是某些自称是释迦子弟的人却可能一点知恩感恩之心都没有。因此,比丘们,应当这样学习:'我们将成为知恩的、感恩的人;即使是对我们所做的微小善行也不会忘记。'比丘们,你们应当如此学习。"第十二经。
譬喻相应完。
其摄颂:
峰顶与指甲与家庭,
锅子、长矛与弓箭手,
楔子、木材与大象,
猫和两个豺狼故事。
巴利语原版经文
SN.20.10. Biḷārasuttaṃ
232. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu– “māyasmā ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjī”ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno na viramati. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “idha, bhante, aññataro bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu– ‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjī’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno na viramatī”ti.
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, biḷāro sandhisamalasaṅkaṭīre ṭhito ahosi mudumūsiṃ maggayamāno – ‘yadāyaṃ mudumūsi gocarāya pakkamissati, tattheva naṃ gahetvā khādissāmī’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mudumūsi gocarāya pakkāmi. Tamenaṃ biḷāro gahetvā sahasā saṅkhāditvā ajjhohari. Tassa so mudumūsi antampi khādi, antaguṇampi khādi. So tatonidānaṃ maraṇampi nigacchi maraṇamattampi dukkhaṃ.
“Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena, anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā, asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tattha passati mātugāmaṃ dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā. Tassa mātugāmaṃ disvā dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. So rāgānuddhaṃsena cittena maraṇaṃ vā nigacchati maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Maraṇañhetaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye yo sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Maraṇamattañhetaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ aññataraṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjati. Yathārūpāya āpattiyā vuṭṭhānaṃ paññāyati. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘rakkhiteneva kāyena rakkhitāya vācāya rakkhitena cittena, upaṭṭhitāya satiyā, saṃvutehi indriyehi gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Dasamaṃ.
SN.20.11. Siṅgālasuttaṃ
233. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “assuttha no tumhe, bhikkhave, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ jarasiṅgālassa vassamānassā”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Eso kho, bhikkhave, jarasiṅgālo ukkaṇḍakena nāma rogajātena phuṭṭho. So yena yena icchati tena tena gacchati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha tiṭṭhati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha nisīdati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha nipajjati; sītakopi naṃ vāto upavāyati. Sādhu khvassa, bhikkhave, yaṃ idhekacco sakyaputtiyapaṭiñño evarūpampi attabhāvapaṭilābhaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Ekādasamaṃ.
SN.20.12. Dutiyasiṅgālasuttaṃ
234. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “assuttha no tumhe, bhikkhave, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ jarasiṅgālassa vassamānassā”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Siyā kho, bhikkhave, tasmiṃ jarasiṅgāle yā kāci kataññutā kataveditā, na tveva idhekacce sakyaputtiyapaṭiññe siyā yā kāci kataññutā kataveditā. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘kataññuno bhavissāma katavedino; na ca no amhesu appakampi kataṃ nassissatī’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Dvādasamaṃ.
Opammasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Kūṭaṃ nakhasikhaṃ kulaṃ, okkhā satti dhanuggaho;
Āṇi kaliṅgaro nāgo, biḷāro dve siṅgālakāti.