增支部4集79经到86经

79 商业经

这时,尊者舍利弗来到世尊所在之处,向世尊致敬后坐在一旁。坐下后,尊者舍利弗对世尊说:"尊者,是什么原因,什么条件,使得有些人从事同样的生意却遭受损失?又是什么原因,什么条件,使得有些人从事同样的生意却不如预期?又是什么原因,什么条件,使得有些人从事同样的生意却如预期般成功?又是什么原因,什么条件,使得有些人从事同样的生意却超出预期?"

"舍利弗,这里有人去拜访沙门或婆罗门,并邀请说:'尊者,请说出你需要什么。'但他并没有给予他所承诺的东西。如果此人死后重生为人,无论他从事什么生意,都会遭受损失。

"舍利弗,这里有人去拜访沙门或婆罗门,并邀请说:'尊者,请说出你需要什么。'但他给予的不如预期。如果此人死后重生为人,无论他从事什么生意,都不如预期。

"舍利弗,这里有人去拜访沙门或婆罗门,并邀请说:'尊者,请说出你需要什么。'他如预期般给予。如果此人死后重生为人,无论他从事什么生意,都如预期般成功。

"舍利弗,这里有人去拜访沙门或婆罗门,并邀请说:'尊者,请说出你需要什么。'他给予的超出预期。如果此人死后重生为人,无论他从事什么生意,都会超出预期。

"舍利弗,这就是为什么有些人从事同样的生意却遭受损失的原因和条件。这就是为什么有些人从事同样的生意却不如预期的原因和条件。这就是为什么有些人从事同样的生意却如预期般成功的原因和条件。这就是为什么有些人从事同样的生意却超出预期的原因和条件。"

80 甘菩阇经

有一次,世尊住在憍赏弥的瞿师多园。这时,尊者阿难来到世尊所在之处,向世尊致敬后坐在一旁。坐下后,尊者阿难对世尊说:

"尊者,是什么原因,什么条件,使得女性既不能参与议会,也不能从事工作,也不能前往甘菩阇?"

"阿难,女性易怒;阿难,女性嫉妒;阿难,女性吝啬;阿难,女性智慧浅薄 - 这就是女性既不能参与议会,也不能从事工作,也不能前往甘菩阇的原因和条件。"

这是第十经。

这是第三品 - 无过失品。

其摘要如下:

精进、见解、善人、新娘,两个最高,

拘尸那罗、不可思议、布施、商业和甘菩阇。

不动品

81 杀生经

"比丘们,具备四法的人,如同被带到地狱一样。哪四法?杀生、偷盗、邪淫、妄语 - 比丘们,具备这四法的人,如同被带到地狱一样。

"比丘们,具备四法的人,如同被带到天界一样。哪四法?不杀生、不偷盗、不邪淫、不妄语 - 比丘们,具备这四法的人,如同被带到天界一样。"

82 妄语经

"比丘们,具备四法的人,如同被带到地狱一样。哪四法?妄语、两舌、恶口、绮语 - 比丘们,具备这四法的人,如同被带到地狱一样。

"比丘们,具备四法的人,如同被带到天界一样。哪四法?不妄语、不两舌、不恶口、不绮语 - 比丘们,具备这四法的人,如同被带到天界一样。"

83 不值得赞美经

"比丘们,具备四法的人,如同被带到地狱一样。哪四法?不经调查和深入了解就赞美不值得赞美的人,不经调查和深入了解就诽谤值得赞美的人,不经调查和深入了解就对不值得欢喜的事表示欢喜,不经调查和深入了解就对值得欢喜的事表示不欢喜 - 比丘们,具备这四法的人,如同被带到地狱一样。

"比丘们,具备四法的人,如同被带到天界一样。哪四法?经过调查和深入了解后，对不值得赞美的人说不赞美的话,经过调查和深入了解后赞美值得赞美的人,经过调查和深入了解后对不值得欢喜的事表示不欢喜,经过调查和深入了解后对值得欢喜的事表示欢喜 - 比丘们,具备这四法的人,如同被带到天界一样。"

84 尊重愤怒经

"比丘们,具备四法的人,如同被带到地狱一样。哪四法?尊重愤怒而不尊重正法,尊重虚伪而不尊重正法,尊重利养而不尊重正法,尊重恭敬而不尊重正法 - 比丘们,具备这四法的人,如同被带到地狱一样。

"比丘们,具备四法的人,如同被带到天界一样。哪四法?尊重正法而不尊重愤怒,尊重正法而不尊重虚伪,尊重正法而不尊重利养,尊重正法而不尊重恭敬 - 比丘们,具备这四法的人,如同被带到天界一样。"

85 黑暗到黑暗经

"比丘们,这个世界上存在四种人。哪四种?从黑暗到黑暗的人,从黑暗到光明的人,从光明到黑暗的人,从光明到光明的人。

"比丘们,什么是从黑暗到黑暗的人?这里,有人出生在低贱的家庭 - 旃陀罗家庭、竹匠家庭、猎人家庭、车匠家庭或清洁工家庭 - 贫穷、缺乏食物和饮料,生活艰难,难以获得食物和衣服。而且他长相丑陋,不好看,矮小,多病,或是瞎子、跛子、瘸子或半身不遂。他得不到食物、饮料、衣服、交通工具、花环、香水、床铺、住所和照明。他以身、口、意行恶。因为以身、口、意行恶,所以身坏命终后,他投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。比丘们,这就是从黑暗到黑暗的人。

"比丘们,什么是从黑暗到光明的人?这里,有人出生在低贱的家庭 - 旃陀罗家庭、竹匠家庭、猎人家庭、车匠家庭或清洁工家庭 - 贫穷、缺乏食物和饮料,生活艰难,难以获得食物和衣服。而且他长相丑陋,不好看,矮小,多病,或是瞎子、跛子、瘸子或半身不遂。他得不到食物、饮料、衣服、交通工具、花环、香水、床铺、住所和照明。他以身、口、意行善。因为以身、口、意行善,所以身坏命终后,他投生到善趣、天界。比丘们,这就是从黑暗到光明的人。

"比丘们,什么是从光明到黑暗的人?这里,有人出生在高贵的家庭 - 富有的刹帝利家庭、富有的婆罗门家庭或富有的居士家庭 - 富裕、大富、多财,拥有大量的金银,拥有大量的财产和谷物。而且他长相英俊,好看,优雅,具有极好的肤色。他能得到食物、饮料、衣服、交通工具、花环、香水、床铺、住所和照明。他以身、口、意行恶。因为以身、口、意行恶,所以身坏命终后,他投生到苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。比丘们,这就是从光明到黑暗的人。

"比丘们,什么是从光明到光明的人?这里,有人出生在高贵的家庭 - 富有的刹帝利家庭、富有的婆罗门家庭或富有的居士家庭 - 富裕、大富、多财,拥有大量的金银,拥有大量的财产和谷物。而且他长相英俊,好看,优雅,具有极好的肤色。他能得到食物、饮料、衣服、交通工具、花环、香水、床铺、住所和照明。他以身、口、意行善。因为以身、口、意行善,所以身坏命终后,他投生到善趣、天界。比丘们,这就是从光明到光明的人。比丘们,这就是世界上存在的四种人。"

86 低贱到低贱经

"比丘们,这个世界上存在四种人。哪四种?低贱到低贱的人,低贱到高贵的人,高贵到低贱的人,高贵到高贵的人。比丘们,这就是世界上存在的四种人。"

巴利语原版经文

79/ 9. Vaṇijjasuttaṃ

　　 79. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā chedagāminī hoti? Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā na yathādhippāyā hoti? Ko nu kho, bhante hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā yathādhippāyā hoti? Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā parādhippāyā hotī”ti?

　　 “Idha, sāriputta, ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti– ‘vadatu, bhante, paccayenā’ti. So yena pavāreti taṃ na deti. So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa hoti chedagāminī.

　　 “Idha pana, sāriputta, ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti– ‘vadatu bhante, paccayenā’ti. So yena pavāreti taṃ na yathādhippāyaṃ deti. So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa na hoti yathādhippāyā.

　　 “Idha pana, sāriputta, ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti– ‘vadatu, bhante, paccayenā’ti. So yena pavāreti taṃ yathādhippāyaṃ deti. So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa hoti yathādhippāyā

　　 “Idha, sāriputta, ekacco samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā pavāreti– ‘vadatu, bhante, paccayenā’ti. So yena pavāreti taṃ parādhippāyaṃ deti. So ce tato cuto itthattaṃ āgacchati, so yaññadeva vaṇijjaṃ payojeti, sāssa hoti parādhippāyā.

　　 “Ayaṃ kho, sāriputta, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā chedagāminī hoti. Ayaṃ pana, sāriputta, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā na yathādhippāyā hoti. Ayaṃ kho pana, sāriputta, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā yathādhippāyā hoti. Ayaṃ pana, sāriputta, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena midhekaccassa tādisāva vaṇijjā payuttā parādhippāyā hotī”ti. Navamaṃ.

80/ 10. Kambojasuttaṃ

　　 80. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–

　　 “Ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena mātugāmo neva sabhāyaṃ nisīdati, na kammantaṃ payojeti, na kambojaṃ gacchatī”ti? “Kodhano, ānanda, mātugāmo; issukī, ānanda, mātugāmo; maccharī ānanda, mātugāmo; duppañño, ānanda, mātugāmo– ayaṃ kho ānanda, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena mātugāmo neva sabhāyaṃ nisīdati, na kammantaṃ payojeti, na kambojaṃ gacchatī”ti. Dasamaṃ.

　　Apaṇṇakavaggo tatiyo.

　　 Tassuddānaṃ–

　　 Padhānaṃ diṭṭhisappurisa, vadhukā dve ca honti aggāni;

　　 Kusināra-acinteyyā, dakkhiṇā ca vaṇijjā kambojanti.

(9) 4. Macalavaggo

81/ 1. Pāṇātipātasuttaṃ

　　 81. “Catūhi bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi catūhi? Pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.

　　 “Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi catūhi? Pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti– imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

82/ 2. Musāvādasuttaṃ

　　 82. “Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi catūhi? Musāvādī hoti, pisuṇavāco hoti, pharusavāco hoti, samphappalāpī hoti– imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.

　　 “Catūhi bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi catūhi? Musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti– imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

83/ 3. Avaṇṇārahasuttaṃ

　　 83. “Catūhi bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi catūhi? Ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti, ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃseti– imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.

　　 “Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi catūhi? Anuvicca pariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, anuvicca pariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, anuvicca pariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṃ upadaṃseti anuvicca pariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṃ upadaṃseti – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti. Tatiyaṃ.

84/ 4. Kodhagarusuttaṃ

　　 84. “Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi catūhi? Kodhagaru hoti na saddhammagaru, makkhagaru hoti na saddhammagaru, lābhagaru hoti na saddhammagaru, sakkāragaru hoti na saddhammagaru– imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.

　　 “Catūhi bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi catūhi? Saddhammagaru hoti na kodhagaru, saddhammagaru hoti na makkhagaru, saddhammagaru hoti na lābhagaru, saddhammagaru hoti na sakkāragaru– imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti. Catutthaṃ.

85/ 5. Tamotamasuttaṃ

　　 85. “Cattārome bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Tamo tamaparāyaṇo, tamo jotiparāyaṇo, joti tamaparāyaṇo joti jotiparāyaṇo.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti tamaparāyaṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo nīce kule paccājāto hoti– caṇḍālakule vā venakule vā nesādakule vā rathakārakule vā pukkusakule vā dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati. So ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khañjo vā pakkhahato vā, na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti tamaparāyaṇo.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti jotiparāyaṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo nīce kule paccājāto hoti– caṇḍālakule vā venakule vā nesādakule vā rathakārakule vā pukkusakule vā dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati; so ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khañjo vā pakkhahato vā na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. So kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti jotiparāyaṇo.

　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti tamaparāyaṇo? Idha bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti– khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe; so ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya duccaritaṃ carati, manasā duccaritaṃ carati. So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti tamaparāyaṇo.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti jotiparāyaṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti– khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe; so ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So kāyena sucaritaṃ carati vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. So kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti jotiparāyaṇo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. Pañcamaṃ.

86/ 6. Oṇatoṇatasuttaṃ

　　 86. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Oṇatoṇato, oṇatuṇṇato, uṇṇatoṇato, uṇṇatuṇṇato. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti . Chaṭṭhaṃ.