增支部4集17经到21经

17 第一不正道经

"比丘们,有四种不正道。哪四种?随欲而行,随瞋而行,随痴而行,随怖而行 - 这就是四种不正道。"

"由欲、瞋、怖、痴,

 违背正法者,

 其名声衰减,

 如月之黑分。"

这是第七经。

18 第二不正道经 

"比丘们,有四种非不正道。哪四种?不随欲而行,不随瞋而行,不随痴而行,不随怖而行 - 这就是四种非不正道。"

"不因欲、瞋、怖、痴,

 而违背正法者,

 其名声增长,

 如月之白分。"

这是第八经。

19 第三不正道经

"比丘们,有四种不正道。哪四种?随欲而行,随瞋而行,随痴而行,随怖而行 - 这就是四种不正道。

比丘们,有四种非不正道。哪四种?不随欲而行,不随瞋而行,不随痴而行,不随怖而行 - 这就是四种非不正道。"

"由欲、瞋、怖、痴,

 违背正法者,

 其名声衰减,

 如月之黑分。

 不因欲、瞋、怖、痴,

 而违背正法者,

 其名声增长,

 如月之白分。"

这是第九经。

20 分配食物者经

"比丘们,具足四法的分配食物者,如同被抛入地狱。哪四法?随欲而行,随瞋而行,随痴而行,随怖而行 - 比丘们,具足这四法的分配食物者,如同被抛入地狱。

比丘们,具足四法的分配食物者,如同被抛入天界。哪四法?不随欲而行,不随瞋而行,不随痴而行,不随怖而行 - 比丘们,具足这四法的分配食物者,如同被抛入天界。"

"凡是不节制欲望的人,

 他们是非法的,不尊重法。

 随欲、瞋、痴、怖而行,

 被称为众中败类。

 智者沙门如是说,

 因此善人应受赞。

 安住于法不作恶,

 不随欲、瞋、痴、怖而行。

 他被称为众中珍宝,

 智者沙门如是说。"

这是第十经。

这是第二品,名为行品。

其摘要如下:

行、戒、精进、防护、制定为第五;

细微、三不正道、分配食物者为十。

3. 优楼频罗品

第一优楼频罗经

如是我闻。一时,世尊住舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:"比丘们。""尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如是说:

"比丘们,有一次我住在优楼频罗,尼连禅河畔,阿阇波罗尼拘律树下,初成正觉。比丘们,当我独处静思时,心中生起这样的想法:'不恭敬、不顺从是痛苦的。我应该恭敬、尊重哪位沙门或婆罗门并依止而住呢?'

比丘们,我想:'为了圆满尚未圆满的戒蕴,我应该恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门并依止而住。然而,我在天、魔、梵世界中,在沙门、婆罗门、天、人众中,找不到一位在戒行上胜过我的沙门或婆罗门,值得我恭敬、尊重并依止而住。

为了圆满尚未圆满的定蕴,我应该恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门并依止而住。然而,我在天、魔、梵世界中,在沙门、婆罗门、天、人众中,找不到一位在禅定上胜过我的沙门或婆罗门,值得我恭敬、尊重并依止而住。

为了圆满尚未圆满的慧蕴,我应该恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门并依止而住。然而,我在天、魔、梵世界中,在沙门、婆罗门、天、人众中,找不到一位在智慧上胜过我的沙门或婆罗门,值得我恭敬、尊重并依止而住。

为了圆满尚未圆满的解脱蕴,我应该恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门并依止而住。然而,我在天、魔、梵世界中,在沙门、婆罗门、天、人众中,找不到一位在解脱上胜过我的沙门或婆罗门,值得我恭敬、尊重并依止而住。'

比丘们,我想:'我应该恭敬、尊重我所证悟的法,并依止而住。'

比丘们,这时,梵天娑婆主知道我心中的想法,就像强壮的人伸直弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸直的手臂那样快速,从梵天界消失,出现在我面前。比丘们,梵天娑婆主偏袒右肩,右膝着地,向我合掌,对我说:'世尊,正是如此!善逝,正是如此!尊者,过去的阿罗汉、正等正觉者也是恭敬、尊重法并依止而住;未来的阿罗汉、正等正觉者也将恭敬、尊重法并依止而住;现在的阿罗汉、正等正觉者世尊也应恭敬、尊重法并依止而住。'梵天娑婆主说了这些,然后又说:

'过去、未来诸佛,

 及现在正觉者,

 除去众生忧愁。

 皆恭敬正法,

 过去、现在、未来,

 这是诸佛常法。

 因此求自利,

 欲得大成就,

 应当恭敬正法,

 忆念诸佛教。'

比丘们,梵天娑婆主说了这些,向我礼敬,右绕我三匝,然后就在那里消失了。比丘们,我知道了梵天的请求,也认为这是适当的,于是我恭敬、尊重我所证悟的法,并依止而住。比丘们,当僧团也具足伟大时,我对僧团也生起恭敬。"

这是第一经。

巴利语原版经文

17/ 7. Paṭhama-agatisuttaṃ

　　 17. “Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, agatigamanāni. Katamāni cattāri? Chandāgatiṃ gacchati, dosāgatiṃ gacchati, mohāgatiṃ gacchati, bhayāgatiṃ gacchati– imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri agatigamanānī”ti.

　　“Chandā dosā bhayā mohā, yo dhammaṃ ativattati;

　　Nihīyati tassa yaso, kāḷapakkheva candimā”ti. Sattamaṃ.

18/ 8. Dutiya-agatisuttaṃ

　　 18. “Cattārimāni bhikkhave, nāgatigamanāni. Katamāni cattāri? Na chandāgatiṃ gacchati, na dosāgatiṃ gacchati, na mohāgatiṃ gacchati, na bhayāgatiṃ gacchati– imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri nāgatigamanānī”ti.

　　“Chandā dosā bhayā mohā, yo dhammaṃ nātivattati;

　　Āpūrati tassa yaso, sukkapakkheva candimā”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

19/ 9. Tatiya-agatisuttaṃ

　　 19. “Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, agatigamanāni. Katamāni cattāri? Chandāgatiṃ gacchati dosāgatiṃ gacchati, mohāgatiṃ gacchati, bhayāgatiṃ gacchati imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri agatigamanāni.

　　 “Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, nāgatigamanāni. Katamāni cattāri? Na chandāgatiṃ gacchati, na dosāgatiṃ gacchati, na mohāgatiṃ gacchati, na bhayāgatiṃ gacchati– imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri nāgatigamanānī”ti.

　　“Chandā dosā bhayā mohā, yo dhammaṃ ativattati;

　　Nihīyati tassa yaso, kāḷapakkheva candimā.

　　“Chandā dosā bhayā mohā, yo dhammaṃ nātivattati;

　　Āpūrati tassa yaso, sukkapakkheva candimā”ti. Navamaṃ.

20/ 10. Bhattuddesakasuttaṃ

　　 20. “Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhattuddesako yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi catūhi? Chandāgatiṃ gacchati, dosāgatiṃ gacchati, mohāgatiṃ gacchati, bhayāgatiṃ gacchati– imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhattuddesako yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye.

　　 “Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhattuddesako yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi catūhi? Na chandāgatiṃ gacchati, na dosāgatiṃ gacchati, na mohāgatiṃ gacchati, na bhayāgatiṃ gacchati – imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhattuddesako yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge”ti.

　　“Ye keci kāmesu asaññatā janā,

　　Adhammikā honti adhammagāravā.

　　Chandā dosā mohā ca bhayā gāmino,

　　Parisākasaṭo ca panesa vuccati.

　　“Evañhi vuttaṃ samaṇena jānatā,

　　Tasmā hi te sappurisā pasaṃsiyā.

　　Dhamme ṭhitā ye na karonti pāpakaṃ,

　　Na chandā na dosā na mohā na bhayā ca gāmino.

　　“Parisāya maṇḍo ca panesa vuccati,

　　Evañhi vuttaṃ samaṇena jānatā”ti. Dasamaṃ.

　　Caravaggo dutiyo.

　　 Tassuddānaṃ–

　　 Caraṃ sīlaṃ padhānāni, saṃvaraṃ paññatti pañcamaṃ;

　　 Sokhummaṃ tayo agatī, bhattuddesena te dasāti.

3. Uruvelavaggo

21/ 1. Paṭhama-uruvelasuttaṃ

　　 21. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 “Ekamidāhaṃ bhikkhave, samayaṃ uruvelāyaṃ viharāmi najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhe paṭhamābhisambuddho. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘dukkhaṃ kho agāravo viharati appatisso. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyan’”ti?

　　 “Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi– aparipūrassa kho ahaṃ sīlakkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā attanā sīlasampannataraṃ, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

　　 “Aparipūrassa kho ahaṃ samādhikkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā attanā samādhisampannataraṃ, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

　　 “Aparipūrassa kho ahaṃ paññākkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā attanā paññāsampannataraṃ, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

　　 “Aparipūrassa kho ahaṃ vimuttikkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā attanā vimuttisampannataraṃ, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyan”ti.

　　 “Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi– ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ yvāyaṃ dhammo mayā abhisambuddho tameva dhammaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyan’”ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmā sahampati mama cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evamevaṃ– brahmaloke antarahito mama purato pāturahosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dakkhiṇaṃ jāṇumaṇḍalaṃ pathaviyaṃ nihantvā yenāhaṃ tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā maṃ etadavoca– ‘evametaṃ bhagavā, evametaṃ sugata! Yepi te, bhante, ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto dhammaṃyeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihariṃsu; yepi te, bhante, bhavissanti anāgatamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto dhammaṃyeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharissanti; bhagavāpi, bhante, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammaṃyeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharatū’”ti. Idamavoca brahmā sahampati. Idaṃ vatvā athāparaṃ etadavoca–

　　“Ye ca atītā sambuddhā, ye ca buddhā anāgatā;

　　Yo cetarahi sambuddho, bahūnaṃ sokanāsano.

　　“Sabbe saddhammagaruno, vihaṃsu viharanti ca;

　　Athopi viharissanti, esā buddhāna dhammatā.

　　“Tasmā hi attakāmena, mahattamabhikaṅkhatā;

　　Saddhammo garukātabbo, saraṃ buddhāna sāsanan”ti.

　　 “Idamavoca, bhikkhave, brahmā sahampati. Idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyi. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmuno ca ajjhesanaṃ viditvā attano ca patirūpaṃ yvāyaṃ dhammo mayā abhisambuddho tameva dhammaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihāsiṃ. Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, saṅghopi mahattena samannāgato, atha me saṅghepi gāravo”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.