相应部12相应41经到43经(因缘相应/因缘篇/修多罗)

居士品

41. 五怖畏怨敌经

[佛陀]住在舍卫城。那时,给孤独长者来到世尊处,礼敬世尊后坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的给孤独长者说:

"居士啊,当圣弟子的五种怖畏怨敌平息,具足四种预流支,以智慧善见、善通达圣理时,他若愿意,可以自己宣说自己:'我已尽地狱,尽畜生,尽饿鬼,尽恶趣、堕处、恶道。我是预流者,不堕恶趣,决定趣向正觉。'"

"什么是五种怖畏怨敌平息?居士啊,杀生者因杀生而在现世和来世招致怖畏怨敌,内心感受痛苦忧恼。对于离杀生者,这种怖畏怨敌就平息了。

居士啊,不与取者因不与取而在现世和来世招致怖畏怨敌,内心感受痛苦忧恼。对于离不与取者,这种怖畏怨敌就平息了。

居士啊,邪淫者因邪淫而在现世和来世招致怖畏怨敌,内心感受痛苦忧恼。对于离邪淫者,这种怖畏怨敌就平息了。

居士啊,妄语者因妄语而在现世和来世招致怖畏怨敌,内心感受痛苦忧恼。对于离妄语者,这种怖畏怨敌就平息了。

居士啊,饮酒放逸者因饮酒放逸而在现世和来世招致怖畏怨敌,内心感受痛苦忧恼。对于离饮酒放逸者,这种怖畏怨敌就平息了。这就是五种怖畏怨敌平息。

什么是具足四种预流支?居士啊,在此,圣弟子对佛具足不动信:'世尊是阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。'

对法具足不动信:'法由世尊善说,现见性,无时性,来见性,导向性,智者各自证知。'

对僧具足不动信:'世尊的声闻僧众善行道,正直行道,如理行道,和敬行道,即四双八辈。这是世尊的声闻僧众,应受供养,应受供奉,应受布施,应受合掌,是世间无上福田。'

具足圣者所爱戒,无缺、无破、无污、无杂、自在、智者称赞、无执取、导向定。这就是具足四种预流支。

什么是以智慧善见、善通达圣理?居士啊,在此,圣弟子如理作意缘起:'此有故彼有,此生故彼生;此无故彼无,此灭故彼灭。即无明缘行,行缘识...如是这整个苦蕴集起。由于无明的无余离贪灭,行灭;由于行灭,识灭...如是这整个苦蕴灭。'这就是他以智慧善见、善通达的圣理。

居士啊,当圣弟子的这五种怖畏怨敌平息,具足这四种预流支,以智慧善见、善通达这圣理时,他若愿意,可以自己宣说自己:'我已尽地狱,尽畜生,尽饿鬼,尽恶趣、堕处、恶道。我是预流者,不堕恶趣,决定趣向正觉。'"

42. 第二五怖畏怨敌经

[佛陀]住在舍卫城......"比丘们,当圣弟子的五种怖畏怨敌平息,具足四种预流支,以智慧善见、善通达圣理时,他若愿意,可以自己宣说自己:'我已尽地狱,尽畜生,尽饿鬼,尽恶趣、堕处、恶道。我是预流者,不堕恶趣,决定趣向正觉。'"

"什么是五种怖畏怨敌平息?比丘们,杀生者...不与取者...邪淫者...妄语者...饮酒放逸者...这就是五种怖畏怨敌平息。

什么是具足四种预流支?比丘们,在此,圣弟子对佛...对法...对僧...具足圣者所爱戒。这就是具足四种预流支。

什么是以智慧善见、善通达圣理?比丘们,在此,圣弟子如理作意缘起...这就是他以智慧善见、善通达的圣理。

比丘们,当圣弟子的这五种怖畏怨敌平息,具足这四种预流支,以智慧善见、善通达这圣理时,他若愿意,可以自己宣说自己:'我已尽地狱,尽畜生,尽饿鬼,尽恶趣、堕处、恶道。我是预流者,不堕恶趣,决定趣向正觉。'"

43. 苦经

[佛陀]住在舍卫城......"比丘们,我将为你们说苦的生起和灭没。请听,善加作意,我将说。"那些比丘回答说:"是的,尊者。"世尊说:

"比丘们,什么是苦的生起?缘眼和色生起眼识。三者和合触。缘触生受,缘受生爱。这就是苦的生起。

缘耳和声...缘鼻和香...缘舌和味...缘身和触...缘意和法生起意识。三者和合触。缘触生受,缘受生爱。这就是苦的生起。

比丘们,什么是苦的灭没?缘眼和色生起眼识。三者和合触。缘触生受,缘受生爱。由于那爱的无余离贪灭,取灭;由于取灭,有灭;由于有灭,生灭;由于生灭,老死、忧悲苦恼绝望灭。如是这整个苦蕴灭。这就是苦的灭没。

缘耳和声...缘鼻和香...缘舌和味...缘身和触...缘意和法生起意识。三者和合触。缘触生受,缘受生爱。由于那爱的无余离贪灭,取灭;由于取灭,有灭;由于有灭,生灭;由于生灭,老死、忧悲苦恼绝望灭。如是这整个苦蕴灭。这就是苦的灭没。"

巴利语原版经文

5. Gahapativaggo

41/(1). Pañcaverabhayasuttaṃ

　　 41. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 “Yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya– ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’”ti.

　　 “Katamāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti? Yaṃ, gahapati, pāṇātipātī pāṇātipātapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, pāṇātipātā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

　　 “Yaṃ, gahapati, adinnādāyī adinnādānapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, adinnādānā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

　　 “Yaṃ gahapati, kāmesumicchācārī kāmesumicchācārapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

　　 “Yaṃ, gahapati, musāvādī musāvādapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, musāvādā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

　　 “Yaṃ, gahapati, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti. Imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti.

　　 “Katamehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’”ti.

　　 “Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti– ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’”ti.

　　 “Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti– ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’”ti.

　　 “Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti.

　　 “Katamo cassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaññeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi karoti– ‘iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti; imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati. Yadidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’”ti. Ayamassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho.

　　 “Yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ayañcassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya– ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’”ti.

42/(2). Dutiyapañcaverabhayasuttaṃ

　　 42. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya– ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’”ti.

　　 “Katamāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti? Yaṃ, bhikkhave, pāṇātipātī …pe… yaṃ, bhikkhave, adinnādāyī …pe… yaṃ, bhikkhave, kāmesumicchācārī… yaṃ, bhikkhave, musāvādī… yaṃ, bhikkhave, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī …pe… imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti.

　　 “Katamehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe …pe… dhamme… saṅghe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti. Imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti.

　　 “Katamo cassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaññeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi karoti …pe… ayamassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho.

　　 “Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, imehi ca catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ayañcassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya– ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

43/(3). Dukkhasuttaṃ

　　 43. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “dukkhassa bhikkhave, samudayañca atthaṅgamañca desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa samudayo? Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa samudayo.

　　 “Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca uppajjati sotaviññāṇaṃ …pe… ghānañca paṭicca gandhe ca …pe… jivhañca paṭicca rase ca …pe… kāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe ca …pe… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa samudayo.

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa atthaṅgamo? Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa atthaṅgamo.

　　 “Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca uppajjati sotaviññāṇaṃ …pe… ghānañca paṭicca gandhe ca …pe… jivhañca paṭicca rase ca …pe… kāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe ca …pe… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa atthaṅgamo”ti. Tatiyaṃ.