相应部12相应29经到31经(因缘相应/因缘篇/修多罗)

29.沙门婆罗门经

在舍卫城...世尊说道:"比丘们,那些沙门或婆罗门不了解老死,不了解老死的起因,不了解老死的止息,不了解导向老死止息的道路;不了解生...有...取...爱...受...触...六入处...名色...识...行,不了解行的起因,不了解行的止息,不了解导向行止息的道路。比丘们,这些沙门或婆罗门不被认为是真正的沙门或婆罗门。这些尊者们没有在现法中亲自证悟、实现和成就沙门果或婆罗门果。"

"比丘们,那些沙门或婆罗门了解老死,了解老死的起因,了解老死的止息,了解导向老死止息的道路;了解生...有...取...爱...受...触...六入处...名色...识...行,了解行的起因,了解行的止息,了解导向行止息的道路。比丘们,这些沙门或婆罗门被认为是真正的沙门和婆罗门。这些尊者们在现法中亲自证悟、实现和成就了沙门果和婆罗门果。"

30.第二沙门婆罗门经

在舍卫城...世尊说道:"比丘们,那些沙门或婆罗门不知道老死,不知道老死的起因,不知道老死的止息,不知道导向老死止息的道路,他们不可能超越老死。不知道生...有...取...爱...受...触...六入处...名色...识...行,不知道行的起因,不知道行的止息,不知道导向行止息的道路,他们不可能超越诸行。"

"比丘们,那些沙门或婆罗门知道老死,知道老死的起因,知道老死的止息,知道导向老死止息的道路,他们有可能超越老死。知道生...有...取...爱...受...触...六入处...名色...识...行,知道行的起因,知道行的止息,知道导向行止息的道路,他们有可能超越诸行。"

这是第十经。

这是第三个十力品。

其摘要如下:

两个十力经,缘起经,

异教徒经,生地经;

优波婆那经,缘经,比丘经,

两个沙门婆罗门经。

迦罗刹帝利品

31.已生经

有一次,世尊住在舍卫城。在那里,世尊对尊者舍利弗说:"舍利弗,在《彼岸道品》的阿耆多问中说:

'那些已知法者,和众多学人,

智者,请告诉我他们的行为。'

舍利弗,这简短所说的详细含义应如何理解?"当这么说时,尊者舍利弗保持沉默。世尊第二次对尊者舍利弗说...舍利弗第二次保持沉默。世尊第三次对尊者舍利弗说:"舍利弗,在《彼岸道品》的阿耆多问中说:

'那些已知法者,和众多学人,

智者,请告诉我他们的行为。'

舍利弗,这简短所说的详细含义应如何理解?"舍利弗第三次保持沉默。

"舍利弗,你是否看到'这是已生的'?"

"世尊,以正慧如实看到'这是已生的'。以正慧如实看到'这是已生的'后,为了厌离、离欲、灭尽已生之法而修行。以正慧如实看到'这是由食而生的'。以正慧如实看到'这是由食而生的'后,为了厌离、离欲、灭尽由食所生之法而修行。以正慧如实看到'由于食的灭尽,已生之法也是灭法'。以正慧如实看到'由于食的灭尽,已生之法也是灭法'后,为了厌离、离欲、灭尽灭法而修行。世尊,这就是学人。"

"舍利弗,如何是已知法者?世尊,以正慧如实看到'这是已生的'。以正慧如实看到'这是已生的'后,通过厌离、离欲、灭尽已生之法而解脱。以正慧如实看到'这是由食而生的'。以正慧如实看到'这是由食而生的'后,通过厌离、离欲、灭尽由食所生之法而解脱。以正慧如实看到'由于食的灭尽,已生之法也是灭法'。以正慧如实看到'由于食的灭尽,已生之法也是灭法'后,通过厌离、离欲、灭尽灭法而解脱。世尊,这就是已知法者。因此,世尊,关于《彼岸道品》阿耆多问中所说的:

'那些已知法者,和众多学人,

智者,请告诉我他们的行为。'

我理解这简短所说的详细含义是这样的。"

"很好,很好,舍利弗。舍利弗,以正慧如实看到'这是已生的'。以正慧如实看到'这是已生的'后,为了厌离、离欲、灭尽已生之法而修行。以正慧如实看到'这是由食而生的'。以正慧如实看到'这是由食而生的'后,为了厌离、离欲、灭尽由食所生之法而修行。以正慧如实看到'由于食的灭尽,已生之法也是灭法'。以正慧如实看到'由于食的灭尽,已生之法也是灭法'后,为了厌离、离欲、灭尽灭法而修行。舍利弗,这就是学人。"

"舍利弗,如何是已知法者?舍利弗,以正慧如实看到'这是已生的'。以正慧如实看到'这是已生的'后,通过厌离、离欲、灭尽已生之法而解脱。以正慧如实看到'这是由食而生的'。以正慧如实看到'这是由食而生的'后,通过厌离、离欲、灭尽由食所生之法而解脱。以正慧如实看到'由于食的灭尽,已生之法也是灭法'。以正慧如实看到'由于食的灭尽,已生之法也是灭法'后,通过厌离、离欲、灭尽灭法而解脱。舍利弗,这就是已知法者。因此,舍利弗,关于《彼岸道品》阿耆多问中所说的:

'那些已知法者,和众多学人,

智者,请告诉我他们的行为。'

这简短所说的详细含义应该这样理解。"

这是第一经。

巴利语原版经文

29/(9). Samaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

　　 29. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “tatra kho …pe… ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ na parijānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ na parijānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ na parijānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ na parijānanti, jātiṃ na parijānanti …pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre… saṅkhārasamudayaṃ… saṅkhāranirodhaṃ… saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ na parijānanti. Na mete, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā. Na ca panete āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti”.

　　 “Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ parijānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ parijānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ parijānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ parijānanti, jātiṃ parijānanti …pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre parijānanti saṅkhārasamudayaṃ parijānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ parijānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ parijānanti. Te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā. Te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī”ti. Navamaṃ.

30/(10). Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

　　 30. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “tatra kho …pe… ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti te vata jarāmaraṇaṃ samatikkamma ṭhassantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Jātiṃ nappajānanti …pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre nappajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti te vata saṅkhāre samatikkamma ṭhassantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati”.

　　 “Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti te vata jarāmaraṇaṃ samatikkamma ṭhassantīti ṭhānametaṃ vijjati. Jātiṃ pajānanti …pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre pajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ pajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ pajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti. Te vata saṅkhāre samatikkamma ṭhassantīti ṭhānametaṃ vijjatī”ti. Dasamaṃ.

　　 Dasabalavaggo tatiyo.

　　 Tassuddānaṃ–

　　 Dve dasabalā upanisā ca, aññatitthiyabhūmijo;

　　 Upavāṇo paccayo bhikkhu, dve ca samaṇabrāhmaṇāti.

4. Kaḷārakhattiyavaggo

31/(1). Bhūtasuttaṃ

　　 31. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Tatra kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi– “vuttamidaṃ, sāriputta, pārāyane ajitapañhe–

　　 “Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;

　　 Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā”ti.

　　 “Imassa nu kho, sāriputta, saṃkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo”ti? Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhī ahosi. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi …pe… dutiyampi kho āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhī ahosi. Tatiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi– “vuttamidaṃ, sāriputta, pārāyane ajitapañhe–

　　 “Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;

　　 Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā”ti.

　　 “Imassa nu kho, sāriputta, saṃkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo”ti? Tatiyampi kho āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhī ahosi.

　　 “Bhūtamidanti, sāriputta, passasī”ti? Bhūtamidanti, bhante, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Bhūtamidanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā bhūtassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āhārasambhavassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā nirodhadhammassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhante, sekkho hoti.

　　 “Kathañca, bhante, saṅkhātadhammo hoti? Bhūtamidanti, bhante, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Bhūtamidanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā bhūtassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āhārasambhavassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā nirodhadhammassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhante, saṅkhātadhammo hoti. Iti kho, bhante, yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ pārāyane ajitapañhe–

　　 “Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;

　　 Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā”ti.

　　 “Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī”ti.

　　 “Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta, bhūtamidanti, sāriputta, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Bhūtamidanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā bhūtassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭippanno hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āhārasambhavassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā nirodhadhammassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, sāriputta, sekkho hoti.

　　 “Kathañca, sāriputta, saṅkhātadhammo hoti? Bhūtamidanti, sāriputta, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Bhūtamidanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā bhūtassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āhārasambhavassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññā disvā nirodhadhammassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Evaṃ kho, sāriputta, saṅkhātadhammo hoti. Iti kho, sāriputta, yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ pārāyane ajitapañhe–

　　 “Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;

　　 Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā”ti.

　　 “Imassa kho sāriputta saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.