相应部4相应25经 魔王之女经
相应部4相应25经/魔王之女经(魔相应/有偈篇/祇夜)
如是我闻:
有一次,魔王波旬在世尊面前说完那些令人厌倦的偈颂后,从那个地方离开,坐在离世尊不远的地上,保持沉默,感到羞愧,垂头丧气,无言以对,用木棍在地上画着。
这时,魔王波旬的三个女儿 - 渴爱、不悦和贪欲来到魔王波旬那里。到了之后,用偈颂对魔王波旬说:
"父亲,你为何忧郁?你在为哪个人悲伤?
我们会用爱欲之绳,像捕捉森林中的大象一样,
捆绑他带来给你,他将成为你的奴隶。"
魔王回答说:
"世间的阿罗汉、善逝,不易被欲望引诱,
他已超越魔界,因此我感到极度悲伤。"
然后,渴爱、不悦和贪欲三位魔女来到世尊面前,对世尊说:"沙门,我们愿意侍奉您的双足。"但世尊没有理会她们,因为他已在无上的烦恼止息中解脱。
魔女们退到一旁商议:"男人的欲望各不相同。我们不如各自变化出一百种少女的形态。"于是,她们各自变化出一百种少女的形态,来到世尊面前说:"沙门,我们愿意侍奉您的双足。"但世尊仍然没有理会她们。
(接下来经文描述了魔女们多次变化不同年龄段女性的形态来诱惑佛陀,但都未能成功。)
最后,渴爱、不悦和贪欲三位魔女退到一旁说:"我们的父亲说得对:
'世间的阿罗汉、善逝,不易被欲望引诱,
他已超越魔界,因此我感到极度悲伤。'
如果我们用这种方法去接近任何未离欲的沙门或婆罗门,他的心脏会破裂,或口吐热血,或发疯,或心神错乱。就像新鲜的芦苇被砍断后会枯萎干燥一样,他也会枯萎干燥。"
然后,渴爱、不悦和贪欲三位魔女再次来到世尊面前,站在一旁。站在一旁的渴爱对世尊说了这个偈颂:
"你是否陷入悲伤而在林中禅修?是否失去财富或在渴望什么?
你是否在村里犯了什么错?为什么不与人交往?
没有人能成为你的朋友吗?"
世尊回答说:
"我已达到目标,内心平静,
战胜了可爱可意的军队。
我独自禅修,觉悟快乐,
因此我不与人交往,
没有人能成为我的朋友。"
(以下省略了不悦和贪欲与佛陀的对话,内容大致相似,都在试图诱惑佛陀,但都失败了。)
最后,渴爱、不悦和贪欲三位魔女回到魔王波旬那里。魔王波旬远远地看到她们回来,用偈颂说:
"愚蠢啊!你们用莲茎去摩擦山峰,
用指甲去挖掘岩石,用牙齿去咬铁。
就像用头撞击岩石,
在深渊中寻找立足之地,
用胸膛去撞击树桩,
你们徒劳无功地想要使乔达摩退却。"
"她们光芒四射地来到这里,渴爱、不悦和贪欲,
但导师把她们驱赶走,如风吹散棉絮。"
这是第三品。
其摘要如下:
许多(经)、三弥提、瞿低迦、七年、
佛陀所说的(魔)女,这是最殊胜的五魔经。
魔相应完。
巴利语原版经文
SN.4.25/(5). Māradhītusuttaṃ
161. Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato santike imā nibbejanīyā gāthāyo abhāsitvā tamhā ṭhānā apakkamma bhagavato avidūre pathaviyaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno kaṭṭhena bhūmiṃ vilikhanto. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena māro pāpimā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsiṃsu–
“Kenāsi dummano tāta, purisaṃ kaṃ nu socasi;
Mayaṃ taṃ rāgapāsena, āraññamiva kuñjaraṃ.
Bandhitvā ānayissāma, vasago te bhavissatī”ti.
“Arahaṃ sugato loke, na rāgena suvānayo;
Māradheyyaṃ atikkanto, tasmā socāmahaṃ bhusan”ti.
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “pāde te, samaṇa, paricāremā”ti. Atha kho bhagavā na manasākāsi, yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekamantaṃ apakkamma evaṃ samacintesuṃ– “uccāvacā kho purisānaṃ adhippāyā. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ kumārivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmā”ti. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekasataṃ ekasataṃ kumārivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “pāde te, samaṇa, paricāremā”ti. Tampi bhagavā na manasākāsi, yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekamantaṃ apakkamma evaṃ samacintesuṃ– “uccāvacā kho purisānaṃ adhippāyā Yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ avijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmā”ti. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekasataṃ ekasataṃ avijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “pāde te, samaṇa, paricāremā”ti. Tampi bhagavā na manasākāsi, yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
Atha kho taṇhā ca …pe… yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ sakiṃ vijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca …pe… sakiṃ vijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “pāde te, samaṇa, paricāremā”ti. Tampi bhagavā na manasākāsi, yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
Atha kho taṇhā ca …pe… yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ duvijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca …pe… duvijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā …pe… yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto. Atha kho taṇhā ca …pe… majjhimitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca …pe… majjhimitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā …pe… anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
Atha kho taṇhā ca …pe… mahitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti Atha kho taṇhā ca …pe… mahitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā …pe… anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekamantaṃ apakkamma etadavocuṃ– saccaṃ kira no pitā avoca–
“Arahaṃ sugato loke, na rāgena suvānayo;
Māradheyyaṃ atikkanto, tasmā socāmahaṃ bhusan”ti.
“Yañhi mayaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā avītarāgaṃ iminā upakkamena upakkameyyāma hadayaṃ vāssa phaleyya, uṇhaṃ lohitaṃ vā mukhato uggaccheyya, ummādaṃ vā pāpuṇeyya cittakkhepaṃ vā. Seyyathā vā pana naḷo harito luto ussussati visussati milāyati; evameva ussusseyya visusseyya milāyeyyā”ti.
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho taṇhā māradhītā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
“Sokāvatiṇṇo nu vanamhi jhāyasi, vittaṃ nu jīno uda patthayāno.
Āguṃ nu gāmasmimakāsi kiñci, kasmā janena na karosi sakkhiṃ.
Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci te”ti.
“Atthassa pattiṃ hadayassa santiṃ, jetvāna senaṃ piyasātarūpaṃ.
Ekohaṃ jhāyaṃ sukhamanubodhiṃ, tasmā janena na karomi sakkhiṃ.
Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci me”ti.
Atha kho arati māradhītā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
“Kathaṃ vihārībahulodha bhikkhu, pañcoghatiṇṇo atarīdha chaṭṭhaṃ.
Kathaṃ jhāyiṃ bahulaṃ kāmasaññā, paribāhirā honti aladdha yo tan”ti.
“Passaddhakāyo suvimuttacitto, asaṅkharāno satimā anoko.
Aññāya dhammaṃ avitakkajhāyī, na kuppati na sarati na thino.
“Evaṃvihārībahulodha bhikkhu, pañcoghatiṇṇo atarīdha chaṭṭhaṃ.
Evaṃ jhāyiṃ bahulaṃ kāmasaññā, paribāhirā honti aladdha yo tan”ti.
Atha kho ragā māradhītā bhagavato santike gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–
“Acchejja taṇhaṃ gaṇasaṅghacārī, addhā carissanti bahū ca saddhā.
Bahuṃ vatāyaṃ janataṃ anoko, acchejja nessati maccurājassa pāran”ti.
“Nayanti ve mahāvīrā, saddhammena tathāgatā;
Dhammena nayamānānaṃ, kā usūyā vijānatan”ti.
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena māro pāpimā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho māro pāpimā taṇhañca aratiñca ragañca māradhītaro dūratova āgacchantiyo. Disvāna gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi–
“Bālā kumudanāḷehi, pabbataṃ abhimatthatha;
Giriṃ nakhena khanatha, ayo dantehi khādatha.
“Selaṃva sirasūhacca, pātāle gādhamesatha.
Khāṇuṃva urasāsajja, nibbijjāpetha gotamā”ti.
“Daddallamānā āgañchuṃ, taṇhā ca aratī ragā;
Tā tattha panudī satthā, tūlaṃ bhaṭṭhaṃva māluto”ti.
Tatiyo vaggo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Sambahulā samiddhi ca, godhikaṃ sattavassāni;
Dhītaraṃ desitaṃ buddha, seṭṭhena imaṃ mārapañcakanti.
Mārasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.