相应部4相应23经/戈提卡经(魔相应/有偈篇/祇夜)

如是我闻。一时,世尊住在王舍城的竹林栖鹿处。当时,尊者戈提卡住在仙人山侧的黑石上。

那时,尊者戈提卡精进不懈,热忱专注地修行,证得了暂时的心解脱。但尊者戈提卡从这暂时的心解脱中退失了。第二次,尊者戈提卡又精进不懈,热忱专注地修行,再次证得了暂时的心解脱。但他又从这暂时的心解脱中退失了。第三次、第四次、第五次、第六次,都是如此,证得后又退失。

第七次,尊者戈提卡再次精进不懈,热忱专注地修行,证得了暂时的心解脱。

这时,尊者戈提卡心想:"我已经六次从暂时的心解脱中退失了。我不如拿刀自杀吧。"

这时,恶魔波旬知道了尊者戈提卡的心念,就来到世尊面前,用偈颂对世尊说:

"大雄大智慧者,以神通威德光耀,

超越一切怨敌恐惧,具眼者,我礼敬你的双足。

你的弟子,大雄者,欲求死亡,克服死亡,

他正在考虑这事,请阻止他,光明持有者。

世尊啊,你的弟子如何会喜爱你的教法,

却未达目标,尚在学习中,而想结束生命呢,众人之子?"

那时,尊者戈提卡已经拿刀自杀了。世尊知道"这是恶魔波旬",就用偈颂对恶魔波旬说:

"智者就是这样做的,他们不贪恋生命。

戈提卡已经连根拔除渴爱,证入涅槃。"

然后世尊对比丘们说:"来吧,比丘们,我们去仙人山侧的黑石,那里戈提卡善男子已经自杀了。""是的,世尊。"比丘们回答道。

于是世尊与众多比丘一起来到仙人山侧的黑石。世尊远远地看到尊者戈提卡仰卧在床上。那时,有烟雾和黑暗向东方、西方、北方、南方、上方、下方和四维扩散。

世尊对比丘们说:"比丘们,你们看到那烟雾和黑暗向东方、西方、北方、南方、上方、下方和四维扩散吗?""是的,世尊。""比丘们,那是恶魔波旬在寻找戈提卡善男子的识:'戈提卡善男子的识安住在哪里?'比丘们,戈提卡善男子已经以无所依的识证入涅槃了。"

这时,恶魔波旬手持黄色琵琶来到世尊面前,用偈颂对世尊说:

"上下及四方,我寻遍各处,

却找不到戈提卡,他到哪里去了?"

世尊回答道:

"智慧坚定的禅修者,常乐于禅修,

日夜精进修行,不贪恋生命。

他战胜了死亡之军,不再轮回,

连根拔除渴爱,戈提卡已入涅槃。"

"悲伤笼罩他时,琵琶从腋下滑落,

那失意的夜叉,就在那里消失了。"

这篇经文它讲述了尊者戈提卡精进修行但多次退失,最后自杀并证入涅槃的故事。经文还描述了恶魔波旬试图阻止和寻找戈提卡,但最终失败的情节。

巴利语原版经文

SN.4.23/(3). Godhikasuttaṃ

　　 159. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā godhiko isigilipasse viharati kāḷasilāyaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Atha kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi Dutiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā …pe… parihāyi. Catutthampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto …pe… vimuttiṃ phusi Catutthampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā …pe… parihāyi. Pañcamampi kho āyasmā godhiko …pe… cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Pañcamampi kho āyasmā …pe… vimuttiyā parihāyi. Chaṭṭhampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Chaṭṭhampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi. Sattamampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi.

　　 Atha kho āyasmato godhikassa etadahosi– “yāva chaṭṭhaṃ khvāhaṃ sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihīno. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ satthaṃ āhareyyan”ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā āyasmato godhikassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi–

　　 “Mahāvīra mahāpañña, iddhiyā yasasā jala;

　　 Sabbaverabhayātīta, pāde vandāmi cakkhuma.

　　 “Sāvako te mahāvīra, maraṇaṃ maraṇābhibhū;

　　 Ākaṅkhati cetayati, taṃ nisedha jutindhara.

　　 “Kathañhi bhagavā tuyhaṃ, sāvako sāsane rato;

　　 Appattamānaso sekkho, kālaṃ kayirā janesutā”ti.

　　 Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato godhikena satthaṃ āharitaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhagavā “māro ayaṃ pāpimā” iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–

　　 “Evañhi dhīrā kubbanti, nāvakaṅkhanti jīvitaṃ.

　　 Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, godhiko parinibbuto”ti.

　　 Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “āyāma, bhikkhave, yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkamissāma yattha godhikena kulaputtena satthaṃ āharitan”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ.

　　 Atha kho bhagavā sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ godhikaṃ dūratova mañcake vivattakkhandhaṃ semānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena dhūmāyitattaṃ timirāyitattaṃ gacchateva purimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ, gacchati adho, gacchati anudisaṃ.

　　 Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, etaṃ dhūmāyitattaṃ timirāyitattaṃ gacchateva purimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ, gacchati adho, gacchati anudisan”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Eso kho, bhikkhave, māro pāpimā godhikassa kulaputtassa viññāṇaṃ samanvesati– ‘kattha godhikassa kulaputtassa viññāṇaṃ patiṭṭhitan’ti? Appatiṭṭhitena ca, bhikkhave, viññāṇena godhiko kulaputto parinibbuto”ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–

　　 “Uddhaṃ adho ca tiriyaṃ, disā anudisā svahaṃ;

　　 Anvesaṃ nādhigacchāmi, godhiko so kuhiṃ gato”ti.

　　 “Yo dhīro dhitisampanno, jhāyī jhānarato sadā;

　　 Ahorattaṃ anuyuñjaṃ, jīvitaṃ anikāmayaṃ.

　　 “Jetvāna maccuno senaṃ, anāgantvā punabbhavaṃ;

　　 Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, godhiko parinibbuto”ti.

　　 “Tassa sokaparetassa, vīṇā kacchā abhassatha;

　　 Tato so dummano yakkho, tatthevantaradhāyathā”ti.