长部14经/大缘经(大品[第二])

礼敬三宝

南无佛陀，阿罗汉，正等觉者。

【前世忆念相应】

我曾经听闻——有一次，世尊在舍卫城，居住在祇树给孤独园的竹林精舍。当时许多比丘在午饭后，返回园中，坐在竹林的讲堂里，讨论起前世忆念的佛法，说着：“这也是一种前世忆念，那也是一种前世忆念。”

世尊以清净超人耳听闻了这些比丘的对话。世尊从座位上站起，前往竹林讲堂；到达后，他在预设的座位上坐下。坐下后，世尊对比丘们说：“比丘们，你们今天坐在这里讨论什么？你们中的哪些话题已经展开呢？”

比丘们回答：“世尊，我们今天在午饭后，返回园中，坐在竹林讲堂里，讨论起前世忆念的佛法，说着：‘这也是一种前世忆念，那也是一种前世忆念。’这就是我们讨论的话题。世尊来到这里。”

“比丘们，你们想听前世忆念相应的法吗？”比丘们回答：“世尊，现在正是时候；善逝，现在正是时候。请世尊为我们讲述前世忆念相应的法，我们在聆听之后会牢记在心。”世尊说：“那么，比丘们，请仔细听，留心思考，我将为你们讲述。”比丘们回答：“好的，世尊。”于是，世尊开始讲述：

“比丘们，从这个世界过去九十一劫时，名为维卫的佛陀，阿罗汉，正等觉者诞生于世。从这个世界过去三十一劫时，名为尸弃的佛陀，阿罗汉，正等觉者诞生于世。在同样的三十一劫中，名为毗舍浮的佛陀，阿罗汉，正等觉者诞生于世。在这个吉祥的劫中，名为拘楼孙的佛陀，阿罗汉，正等觉者诞生于世。在这个吉祥的劫中，名为拘那含牟尼的佛陀，阿罗汉，正等觉者诞生于世。在这个吉祥的劫中，名为迦叶的佛陀，阿罗汉，正等觉者诞生于世。在这个吉祥的劫中，我，即现在的正等觉者诞生于世。

 维卫佛陀出身刹帝利，生于刹帝利家族。尸弃佛陀出身刹帝利，生于刹帝利家族。毗舍浮佛陀出身刹帝利，生于刹帝利家族。拘楼孙佛陀出身婆罗门，生于婆罗门家族。拘那含牟尼佛陀出身婆罗门，生于婆罗门家族。迦叶佛陀出身婆罗门，生于婆罗门家族。而我，现在的正等觉者出身刹帝利，生于刹帝利家族。

维卫佛陀的寿命为八万岁。尸弃佛陀的寿命为七万岁。毗舍浮佛陀的寿命为六万岁。拘楼孙佛陀的寿命为四万岁。拘那含牟尼佛陀的寿命为三万岁。迦叶佛陀的寿命为两万岁。而我的寿命短暂，少而轻，活得长的人也只有一百岁左右。

维卫佛陀在菩提树下悟道。尸弃佛陀在白莲花树下悟道。毗舍浮佛陀在娑罗树下悟道。拘楼孙佛陀在舍利树下悟道。拘那含牟尼佛陀在无花果树下悟道。迦叶佛陀在榕树下悟道。而我，现在的正等觉者在毕钵罗树下悟道。

维卫佛陀的首席弟子对是迦叶提萨。尸弃佛陀的首席弟子对是阿毗婆梵。毗舍浮佛陀的首席弟子对是索尼特拉。拘楼孙佛陀的首席弟子对是维陀罗僧伽。拘那含牟尼佛陀的首席弟子对是比约苏特拉。迦叶佛陀的首席弟子对是提沙婆罗豆。而我的首席弟子对是舍利弗与目犍连。

维卫佛陀有三次大众集会。第一次集会有一百六十万人，第二次集会有一百万人，第三次集会有八万人。这些集会中所有的人都已证得无漏。尸弃佛陀也有三次大众集会，分别有一百万人，八万人，七万人，都是已证得无漏的。毗舍浮佛陀也有三次大众集会，分别有八万人，七万人，六万人，都是已证得无漏的。拘楼孙佛陀有一次大众集会，四万人，都是已证得无漏的。拘那含牟尼佛陀有一次大众集会，三万人，都是已证得无漏的。迦叶佛陀有一次大众集会，两万人，都是已证得无漏的。而我的大众集会有一千二百五十人，都是已证得无漏的。

维卫佛陀的侍者是阿索。尸弃佛陀的侍者是伽摩伽。毗舍浮佛陀的侍者是优波散陀。拘楼孙佛陀的侍者是布达吉。拘那含牟尼佛陀的侍者是苏提。迦叶佛陀的侍者是萨婆弥。而我的侍者是阿难。

维卫佛陀的父亲是班度摩王，母亲是班度摩提王后，班度摩王的都城是班度摩提。尸弃佛陀的父亲是阿鲁那王，母亲是婆婆提王后，阿鲁那王的都城是阿鲁那婆提。毗舍浮佛陀的父亲是苏婆提多王，母亲是婆婆提王后，苏婆提多王的都城是阿诺摩。拘楼孙佛陀的父亲是阿耆多婆罗门，母亲是毗娑迦婆罗门女，当时国王是亘摩，亘摩王的都城是亘摩婆提。拘那含牟尼佛陀的父亲是延那达婆罗门，母亲是优婆利婆罗门女，当时国王是素婆，素婆王的都城是素婆婆提。迦叶佛陀的父亲是梵达多婆罗门，母亲是达那婆提婆罗门女，当时国王是鸡基，鸡基王的都城是婆罗尼斯。而我的父亲是净饭王，母亲是摩耶王后，净饭王的都城是迦毗罗卫。

世尊讲完这些话后，站起来进入自己的住处。世尊离开后，那些比丘之间又开始讨论：“朋友，世尊真是神奇，具备伟大的神通力，伟大的威力。世尊能够回忆起过去已入涅槃、已断除一切烦恼、已结束轮回、已超越一切苦的佛陀的出生、名字、家族、寿命、弟子对、弟子集会，说：‘这些佛陀是这样的出身，这样命名，这样家族，这样道德，这样法，这样智慧，这样修行，这样解脱。’”

他们继续讨论：“朋友，世尊是因为自己对法的体悟如此深刻，以至于可以回忆起这些佛陀，还是因为天神告诉了他这些事？”这便是他们讨论的内容。

傍晚时分，世尊从禅定中起身，再次来到竹林讲堂，在预设的座位上坐下。坐下后，世尊对比丘们说：“比丘们，你们今天坐在这里讨论什么？你们中的哪些话题已经展开呢？”

比丘们回答：“世尊，刚才您走后，我们开始讨论：‘朋友，世尊真是神奇，具备伟大的神通力，伟大的威力。世尊能够回忆起过去已入涅槃、已断除一切烦恼、已结束轮回、已超越一切苦的佛陀的出生、名字、家族、寿命、弟子对、弟子集会，说：“这些佛陀是这样的出身，这样命名，这样家族，这样道德，这样法，这样智慧，这样修行，这样解脱。”’我们讨论，是否是世尊因为自己对法的体悟如此深刻，还是天神告诉了他这些事？”

世尊回答说：“比丘们，这一切都是因为我对法的体悟极为深刻。天神也确实告诉我这些事。”

世尊继续说：“比丘们，你们还想要听更多关于前世忆念的佛法吗？”比丘们回答：“世尊，现在正是时候；善逝，现在正是时候。请世尊为我们再讲述更多前世忆念的法，我们在聆听之后会牢记在心。”世尊说：“那么，比丘们，请仔细听，留心思考，我将继续为你们讲述。”比丘们回答：“好的，世尊。”于是，世尊继续讲述：

“从这个世界过去九十一劫时，维卫佛陀诞生于世。维卫佛陀出身刹帝利，生于刹帝利家族。维卫佛陀的姓是拘那含。维卫佛陀的寿命为八万岁。维卫佛陀在菩提树下悟道。维卫佛陀的首席弟子对是迦叶提萨。维卫佛陀有三次大众集会，第一次有一百六十万人，第二次有一百万人，第三次有八万人。这些集会中所有的人都已证得无漏。维卫佛陀的侍者是阿索。维卫佛陀的父亲是班度摩王，母亲是班度摩提王后，班度摩王的都城是班度摩提。”

【菩萨的自然法则】

“比丘们，当维卫菩萨从兜率天宫降生到母胎时，他是清醒而有正念的。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨进入母胎时，在这个包括天、魔、梵、沙门、婆罗门、世间人与天神的世界中，会显现出无限的光辉，超越了天神的光芒。即使在那些位于世界边缘的黑暗、无光、晦暗的空间里，月亮和太阳都无法照亮的地方，也会出现无限的光辉，超越了天神的光芒。在那里居住的众生命，因这光辉而能互相辨识：‘原来这里还有其他众生命。’这整个十千世界都会震动，无限的光辉出现在世上，超越了天神的光芒。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨进入母胎时，有四位天神从四方来保护他，说：‘不要让任何人或非人伤害菩萨或菩萨的母亲。’这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨进入母胎时，他的母亲自然具备道德，远离杀生、偷盗、邪淫、妄语和饮酒的放逸。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨进入母胎时，他的母亲心中不会生起对男性的爱欲，她不会被任何男人所动心。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨进入母胎时，他的母亲享受五欲之乐。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨在母胎中时，他的母亲不会有任何疾病。她会感到快乐，无病无痛，且能透过胎膜看到菩萨，具备所有肢体器官，感官完好。就像一个人拿着一块纯净的蓝宝石，细细观看它纯净、透亮、无瑕、完美的特点一样，他的母亲也能看到胎中的菩萨。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，菩萨出生七天后，他的母亲会去世，投生到兜率天。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，其他女人怀孕九到十个月后生孩子，但菩萨的母亲怀孕十个月才生下菩萨。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，其他女人坐着或躺着生孩子，但菩萨的母亲站着生下菩萨。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨从母胎中出生时，首先是天神接住他，然后是人类。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨从母胎中出生时，他还没有碰到地面，四位天神就接住他，放在母亲面前，说：‘夫人，请欢喜，你生了个伟大的儿子。’这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨从母胎中出生时，他是纯净无污的，没有被血液、羊水或任何不净物沾染，就像一块宝石放在干净的布上，不会污染布也不会被布污染，因为两者都纯净。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨从母胎中出生时，天上降下两道水流，一道是冷水，一道是热水，来为菩萨和他的母亲进行洗浴。这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，菩萨出生后，稳稳地站立，朝着北方，迈出七步，抬头看遍四方，宣告：‘我是世界的首领，我是世界的长者，我是世界的最上者，这是我最后一次出生，此后再无来生。’这是一个自然法则。”

“比丘们，当菩萨从母胎中出生时，在这个包括天、魔、梵、沙门、婆罗门、世间人与天神的世界中，会显现出无限的光辉，超越了天神的光芒。即使在那些位于世界边缘的黑暗、无光、晦暗的空间里，月亮和太阳都无法照亮的地方，也会出现无限的光辉，超越了天神的光芒。在那里居住的众生命，因这光辉而能互相辨识：‘原来这里还有其他众生命。’这整个十千世界都会震动，无限的光辉出现在世上，超越了天神的光芒。这是一个自然法则。”

【三十大丈夫相】

“当维卫王子诞生后，人们告诉班度摩王：‘大王，夫人为您生了个儿子，请来看他。’班度摩王看到维卫王子，召集了精通相术的婆罗门，让他们看这个孩子。他们看到维卫王子后，对班度摩王说：‘大王，请欢喜，你生了个伟大的儿子，这对您真是大福报。您的家族中诞生了这样一位具有三十大丈夫相的孩子。具有这些相的男子未来只有两种命运：如果他留在家中，将成为转轮王，正法之王，统治四方，征服敌国，拥有七宝，具备千子的勇猛军队，以正法治理天下；如果他出家，将成为阿罗汉，正等觉者，揭开世间的黑暗。”

“这些大丈夫相是：他的脚稳固；他的脚掌有千辐轮相，完全圆满；他的足趾细长；他的手足柔软；他的手足有网纹；他的脚踝高耸；他的小腿如鹿般美好；站立时不弯腰可以用手触及膝盖；他的男根藏在衣内；他的皮肤如黄金般色泽；他的皮肤细腻，灰尘不易沾染；他的毛发一根一根生长；他的体毛向上生长，色如蓝宝石，卷曲向右；他的身形像梵天；他的声音如梵天般洪亮；他的胸部如狮子一样宽广；他的肩部对称圆满；他的身体与臂长相等；他的舌头细长味感灵敏；他有四颗虎牙；他的牙齿整齐；他的牙齿无间隙；他的牙齿洁白光亮；他的舌头宽广；他的声音如迦陵频伽鸟般美妙；他的眼睛深蓝色；他的眼睛眼睑像牛眼那样。另外，他的眉间有白毫如柔软的棉花。这也是大丈夫相之一。”

“他的头顶高耸，这也是大丈夫相之一。”

“维卫王子就是具备这些三十大丈夫相的孩子，所以他未来只有两种命运：如果他留在家中，将成为转轮王，正法之王，统治四方，征服敌国，拥有七宝，具备千子的勇猛军队，以正法治理天下；如果他出家，将成为阿罗汉，正等觉者，揭开世间的黑暗。”

【维卫的命名】

“于是，班度摩王用新衣装饰这些相师，并提供他们想要的一切享受。班度摩王也为维卫王子安排了乳母：有的喂奶，有的洗澡，有的抱他，有的背他。出生后，维卫王子日夜都有人为他撑起白伞，以免他被冷、热、尘土或露水所扰。维卫王子深受人们喜爱，就像优钵罗花、莲花、白莲花一样令人喜爱。人们轮流抱着这个可爱的孩子。”

“维卫王子声音甜美，悦耳动听，令人爱慕，就像喜马拉雅山上的迦陵频伽鸟那样。”

“维卫王子出生后，具备了因业力而生的天眼，能在一由旬内看到白天和黑夜的一切。”

“维卫王子出生后，无需眨眼就能看东西，就像三十三天的天神一样。因此，人们称他为‘维卫’，意为‘无眨眼’。”

“当班度摩王处理事务时，维卫王子坐在父亲的怀中，仔细聆听并领会事务的处理方式。因此，人们更加称他为‘维卫’，意思是‘深察’或‘洞察’。”

“班度摩王为维卫王子建造了三座宫殿：雨季宫、冬季宫和夏季宫，并为他提供了五欲之乐。在雨季宫中，维卫王子享受四个月的音乐盛宴，不下楼。”

【第一诵品完】

【老人】

“过了很多年、很多百年、很多千年后，维卫王子对车夫说：‘备好车，我们去花园看看景色。’车夫回答：‘好的，大王。’他准备了车后告诉王子：‘大王，车已经准备好了，您可以出发了。’于是，维卫王子登上车，带着随从前往花园。”

“在去花园的路上，维卫王子看到一个老态龙钟的人，背驼、步履蹒跚，手持拐杖，身体虚弱，容颜衰老。他问车夫：‘这个男人怎么了？他的头发和身体都不像其他人。’车夫回答：‘大王，他是老了。’王子问：‘什么是老了？’车夫说：‘他老了，活不了多久了。’王子问：‘我也会老吗？’车夫说：‘我们所有人都会老，大王您也一样。’王子说：‘那我们今天就不去花园了，返回内宫吧。’于是他们返回了内宫。王子回到内宫后，心情低落，沉思着：‘啊，生命真是可悲，竟然会有衰老。’”

“班度摩王问车夫：‘王子在花园里开心吗？’车夫回答：‘不，大王，王子在花园里并不开心。’王问：‘那他看到了什么？’车夫解释说：‘王子看到了一个老态龙钟的人，背驼、步履蹒跚，手持拐杖，身体虚弱，容颜衰老。他问我那人怎么了，我告诉他那是衰老。他问我他自己是否也会老，我告诉他我们所有人都会老，于是他决定不继续游园，返回内宫。他现在心情很不好，感叹生命的无常。’”

【病人】

“班度摩王心中想：‘希望维卫王子不要放弃王位，不要出家，以免那些相师的预言成真。’于是，班度摩王为维卫王子准备了更多的五欲之乐，希望他能留恋世俗生活，不愿出家，让相师的预言落空。”

“于是，维卫王子享受着这些欲乐。过了许多年后，他再次外出游园。”

“在去花园的路上，维卫王子看到一个病人，痛苦不堪，病得严重，躺在自己的粪便中，被一些人扶起，被另一些人照顾。他问车夫：‘这个男人怎么了？他的眼睛和身体都不像其他人。’车夫回答：‘大王，他病了。’王子问：‘什么是病了？’车夫说：‘他病了，可能从这个病中恢复，也可能不行。’王子问：‘我也会生病吗？’车夫说：‘我们所有人都会生病，大王您也一样。’王子说：‘那我们今天就不去花园了，返回内宫吧。’于是他们返回了内宫。王子回到内宫后，心情更加低落，沉思着：‘啊，生命真是可悲，竟然会有衰老和疾病。’”

“班度摩王问车夫：‘王子在花园里开心吗？’车夫回答：‘不，大王，王子在花园里并不开心。’王问：‘那他看到了什么？’车夫解释说：‘王子看到了一个病人，痛苦不堪，病得严重，躺在自己的粪便中，被一些人扶起，被另一些人照顾。他问我那人怎么了，我告诉他那是疾病。他问我他自己是否也会病，我告诉他我们所有人都会病，于是他决定不继续游园，返回内宫。他现在心情很不好，感叹生命的无常和疾病的痛苦。’”

【死人】

“班度摩王心中再次想：‘希望维卫王子不要放弃王位，不要出家，以免那些相师的预言成真。’于是，他为维卫王子提供了更多的五欲之乐，希望他能留恋世俗生活，不愿出家，让相师的预言落空。”

“过了许多年后，维卫王子再次外出游园。”

“在去花园的路上，维卫王子看到一群人聚集在一起，哀悼着，穿着各色衣服，准备着葬礼。他问车夫：‘这些人聚集在一起，穿着各色衣服在做什么？’车夫回答：‘大王，有人死了。’王子说：‘那我们去看看那个死人。’车夫按照王子的吩咐，驾车到了那里。王子看到那个尸体后，问车夫：‘他死了是什么意思？’车夫说：‘他死了，大王，他再也见不到他的父母或亲人，他的父母或亲人也不会再见到他。’王子问：‘我也会死吗？他们也会见不到我吗？我也会见不到他们吗？’车夫说：‘我们所有人都会死，大王您也一样；他们不会再见到您，您也不会再见到他们。’王子说：‘那我们今天就不去花园了，返回内宫吧。’于是他们返回了内宫。王子回到内宫后，心情非常低落，沉思着：‘啊，生命真是可悲，竟然会有衰老、疾病和死亡。’”

“班度摩王问车夫：‘王子在花园里开心吗？’车夫回答：‘不，大王，王子在花园里并不开心。’王问：‘那他看到了什么？’车夫解释说：‘王子看到一群人聚集在一起，哀悼着，穿着各色衣服，准备着葬礼。他问我那是什么，我告诉他有人死了。他想去看那个死人，看了之后，问我死是什么意思，我解释了死亡的含义。他问我自己是否也会死，我告诉他我们所有人都会死，于是他决定不继续游园，返回内宫。他现在心情很不好，感叹生命的无常、疾病和死亡的痛苦。’”

【出家】

“班度摩王心中再次想：‘希望维卫王子不要放弃王位，不要出家，以免那些相师的预言成真。’于是，他为维卫王子提供了更多的五欲之乐，希望他能留恋世俗生活，不愿出家，让相师的预言落空。”

“过了许多年后，维卫王子对车夫说：‘备好车，我们去花园看看景色。’车夫回答：‘好的，大王。’他准备了车后告诉王子：‘大王，车已经准备好了，您可以出发了。’于是，维卫王子登上车，带着随从前往花园。”

“在去花园的路上，维卫王子看到一个出家人，穿着袈裟。他问车夫：‘这个男人怎么了？他的头和衣服都不像其他人。’车夫回答：‘大王，他是个出家人。’王子问：‘什么是出家人？’车夫说：‘他出家了，修习正法，过着圣洁的生活，行善、行慈悲、避免伤害众生。’王子说：‘出家真好，修习正法、行善、行慈悲、避免伤害众生都很好。把马车开到那个出家人那里去。’车夫按照王子的吩咐，驾车到了那个出家人那里。王子问那位出家人：‘你怎么了？你头上的发和你的衣服都不像其他人。’出家人回答：‘大王，我是个出家人。’王子问：‘什么是出家人？’出家人说：‘我出家了，修习正法，过着圣洁的生活，行善、行慈悲、避免伤害众生。’王子说：‘出家真好，修习正法、行善、行慈悲、避免伤害众生都很好。’”

【菩萨出家】

“于是，维卫王子对车夫说：‘那么，你拿上车从这里返回内宫吧。我在这里剃去须发，披上袈裟，出家为道。’车夫回答：‘好的，大王。’于是，他带着车返回了内宫。维卫王子就在那里剃去须发，披上袈裟，出家为道。”

【许多人跟随出家】

“王舍城的人们听到了消息：‘维卫王子剃去须发，披上袈裟，出家为道了。’听到这个消息后，他们想：‘这个法和出家的方式一定不平凡，能让维卫王子这样做。既然维卫王子都出家了，我们为什么不呢？’于是，八万四千人剃去须发，披上袈裟，跟随维卫菩萨出家。”

“带着这一大群人，维卫菩萨在村镇、城市和王都中游行。”

【菩萨寻求独处】

“后来，维卫菩萨想：‘我一个人独处修道比较合适。’于是，他找了个机会，独自离开大众，开始单独生活，那八万四千人则走另一条路。”

【菩萨的思索】

“当维卫菩萨在一个僻静处独处时，他思索：‘这个世界真苦啊，生、老、病、死、死后再生，人们却不知道如何逃脱这些苦。什么时候才能找到解脱这些苦的方法呢？’”

维卫菩萨继续思考：“在什么情况下会出现老死？是什么导致老死？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有生才有老死，生是老死的因。”

接着他问自己：“在什么情况下会出现生？是什么导致生？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有存在才有生，存在是生的因。”

然后他问：“在什么情况下会出现存在？是什么导致存在？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有执取才有存在，执取是存在的因。”

他继续问：“在什么情况下会出现执取？是什么导致执取？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有渴爱才有执取，渴爱是执取的因。”

 他还问：“在什么情况下会出现渴爱？是什么导致渴爱？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有感受才有渴爱，感受是渴爱的因。”

接着问：“在什么情况下会出现感受？是什么导致感受？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有接触才有感受，接触是感受的因。”

 他问：“在什么情况下会出现接触？是什么导致接触？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有六入处才有接触，六入处是接触的因。”

然后问：“在什么情况下会出现六入处？是什么导致六入处？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有名色才有六入处，名色是六入处的因。”

他继续问：“在什么情况下会出现名色？是什么导致名色？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有识才有名色，识是名色的因。”

最后，他问：“在什么情况下会出现识？是什么导致识？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“有名色才有识，名色是识的因。”

“他意识到：‘这个识会从名色中转回，不再向前。至此，生、老、病、死、死后再生等一切都是因为名色导致识，识导致名色，名色导致六入处，六入处导致接触，接触导致感受，感受导致渴爱，渴爱导致执取，执取导致存在，存在导致生，生导致老死。这样，所有苦的集起就这样发生了。’”

“‘苦的集起，苦的集起’这样在维卫菩萨心中，关于以前从未听闻的法中，出现了眼、智、慧、明、光。”

然后，维卫菩萨问自己：“在什么情况下老死不出现？通过什么的止息，老死止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有生就没有老死，生的止息是老死的止息。”

接着他问：“在什么情况下生不出现？通过什么的止息，生止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有存在就没有生，存在的止息是生的止息。”

然后他问：“在什么情况下存在不出现？通过什么的止息，存在止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有执取就没有存在，执取的止息是存在的止息。”

他继续问：“在什么情况下执取不出现？通过什么的止息，执取止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有渴爱就没有执取，渴爱的止息是执取的止息。”

他问：“在什么情况下渴爱不出现？通过什么的止息，渴爱止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有感受就没有渴爱，感受的止息是渴爱的止息。”

接着问：“在什么情况下感受不出现？通过什么的止息，感受止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有接触就没有感受，接触的止息是感受的止息。”

然后他问：“在什么情况下接触不出现？通过什么的止息，接触止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有六入处就没有接触，六入处的止息是接触的止息。”

他继续问：“在什么情况下六入处不出现？通过什么的止息，六入处止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有名色就没有六入处，名色的止息是六入处的止息。”

他问：“在什么情况下名色不出现？通过什么的止息，名色止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有识就没有名色，识的止息是名色的止息。”

最后，他问：“在什么情况下识不出现？通过什么的止息，识止息？”通过正确的思维，他明白了：“没有名色就没有识，名色的止息是识的止息。”

他认识到：“我找到了通向觉悟的道路，即通过名色的止息来止息识，通过识的止息来止息名色，通过名色的止息来止息六入处，通过六入处的止息来止息接触，通过接触的止息来止息感受，通过感受的止息来止息渴爱，通过渴爱的止息来止息执取，通过执取的止息来止息存在，通过存在的止息来止息生，通过生的止息来止息老死。这样，所有苦的止息就这样发生了。”

“‘苦的止息，苦的止息’这样在维卫菩萨心中，关于以前从未听闻的法中，出现了眼、智、慧、明、光。”

73. “然后，维卫菩萨在五蕴上观察生灭变化：‘这就是色，这是色的生起，这是色的灭去；这就是受，这是受的生起，这是受的灭去；这就是想，这是想的生起，这是想的灭去；这就是行，这是行的生起，这是行的灭去；这就是识，这是识的生起，这是识的灭去。’观察这些五蕴的生灭变化，他很快便在不执著的状况下，心从烦恼中解脱。”

【第二诵品完】

【梵天的祈求】

“那时，维卫佛陀想：‘我应该讲述法吗？’接着他想：‘我所领悟的法深奥，难见难解，寂静、微妙，不是通过推理可以证知的，只有智者才能理解。现在的人们沉溺于欲乐，喜爱欲乐，满足于欲乐。对于沉溺于欲乐、喜爱欲乐、满足于欲乐的人们来说，因缘法很难领会。寂静、解脱、舍弃一切有为法、消除贪欲、平静、止息、涅槃也是难以领会的。如果我讲法而他们不理解，这对我将是徒劳和烦恼。’”

“维卫佛陀心中生起这几句从未听闻过的诗偈：

‘我艰难得此法，今不宜宣说，

贪嗔所缠者，不易领此法。

逆流细微奥，难见深且细，

贪欲所迷者，黑暗所笼罩。’”

“因此，维卫佛陀心中倾向于不讲法而是保持安静。”

“这时，某大梵天用心念知晓了维卫佛陀的想法，心中想：‘这个世界将要灭亡，世界将要灭亡，因为维卫佛陀倾向于不讲法而是保持安静。’于是，这位大梵天就像一个有力的人伸展或收回手臂一样，瞬间从梵天世界消失，出现在维卫佛陀面前。他整齐地披上衣，跪下右膝，双手合十，对维卫佛陀说：‘世尊，请讲法，请善逝讲法，有些众生根器好，他们会因未闻法而衰败，将来他们会理解法的。’”

“世尊对这位大梵天说：‘我也是这样想过：“我应该讲述法吗？”但我又想：“我所领悟的法深奥，难见难解，寂静、微妙，不是通过推理可以证知的，只有智者才能理解。现在的人们沉溺于欲乐，喜爱欲乐，满足于欲乐。对于沉溺于欲乐、喜爱欲乐、满足于欲乐的人们来说，因缘法很难领会。寂静、解脱、舍弃一切有为法、消除贪欲、平静、止息、涅槃也是难以领会的。如果我讲法而他们不理解，这对我将是徒劳和烦恼。”我心中也生起了这几句从未听闻过的诗偈：

“我艰难得此法，今不宜宣说，

贪嗔所缠者，不易领此法。

逆流细微奥，难见深且细，

贪欲所迷者，黑暗所笼罩。”

因此，我倾向于不讲法而是保持安静。’”

“大梵天第二次、第三次重复请求：‘世尊，请讲法，请善逝讲法，有些众生根器好，他们会因未闻法而衰败，将来他们会理解法的。’”

“维卫佛陀，理解了梵天的请求和对众生的慈悲，用佛眼观看世界。他看到了众生中一些根器好、一些根器差、一些智慧敏锐、一些智慧迟钝、一些有善相、一些有恶相、一些易理解、一些难理解、一些能看到后世的过患和恐怖而生活、一些不能。他就像看到池塘里有些莲花生在水中、长在水中、被水淹没，有些莲花生在水中、长在水中、浮在水面，有些莲花生在水中、长在水中、出水而立、不被水污染一样。”

“于是，梵天用诗偈对维卫佛陀说：

‘如山顶观人，如是智者观，

法山而登顶，遍观众生苦。

请看那受苦，受生老压迫，

请勇士起立，胜者行无阻，

传播法之光，将有理解者。’”

“维卫佛陀用诗偈回答梵天说：

‘我已开启不死之门，让有耳者信受。

我未因恶意而沉默，法妙不可言于人。’”

“大梵天认为自己已经为维卫佛陀开启了讲法的机会，便向世尊鞠躬，绕行后消失了。”

【首席弟子】

“维卫佛陀想：‘我应该首先对谁讲法，谁会很快理解我的法？’他想到了住在王舍城的王子迦叶和婆罗门子提萨，他们都是聪明、博学、智慧长久以来未受染污的。‘我应该首先对他们讲法，他们会很快理解我的法。’”

“于是，维卫佛陀就像一个有力的人伸展或收回手臂一样，瞬间从菩提树下消失，出现在王舍城的鹿野苑。维卫佛陀对园丁说：‘去王舍城告诉王子迦叶和婆罗门子提萨，维卫佛陀、阿罗汉、正等觉者已来到鹿野苑，希望见他们。’园丁听了之后，前去传达了这个消息。”

“迦叶王子和提萨婆罗门子准备了马车，驾车前往鹿野苑。到达后，他们下车步行，来到维卫佛陀面前，礼敬后，坐在一边。”

“维卫佛陀逐步地向他们讲述法，从施舍、道德、天道开始，讲述欲的过患和出离的利益。当他看到他们的心已柔软、没有障碍、清明、欢喜时，便向他们讲述四圣谛：苦、集、灭、道。他们就像干净的布很容易地染上颜色一样，在当场就获得了净眼：‘凡是缘起法，皆是灭法。’”

“他们在当下就看到了法、达到了法、了解了法、掌握了法，消除了疑惑，消除了疑惑所生的犹豫，获得了自信，不再依赖他人而理解佛法。他们对维卫佛陀说：‘世尊，真是太好了，真是太好了。就像将倒置的东西扶正，揭开盖子，指引迷路者方向，在黑暗中点亮油灯，让有眼者看见形状一样，世尊用种种方法为我们阐明了法。我们皈依世尊、皈依法。请允许我们在世尊面前出家、受具足戒。’”

“迦叶王子和提萨婆罗门子在维卫佛陀面前出家并受具足戒。维卫佛陀用法语教导、鼓励、激励他们，解释了一切行法的过患和出离的利益。他们很快在不执著的情况下，从烦恼中解脱。”

【众多人出家】

“王舍城的人们听到了消息：‘维卫佛陀、阿罗汉、正等觉者已经来到王舍城的鹿野苑，迦叶王子和提萨婆罗门子已经在佛陀面前出家了。’他们想：‘这个法和出家的方式一定不平凡，能让迦叶王子和提萨婆罗门子这样做。既然他们都出家了，我们为什么不呢？’于是，八万四千人从王舍城出发，前往鹿野苑，来到维卫佛陀面前，礼敬后，坐在一边。”

“维卫佛陀逐步地向他们讲述法，从施舍、道德、天道开始，讲述欲的过患和出离的利益。当他看到他们的心已柔软、没有障碍、清明、欢喜时，便向他们讲述四圣谛：苦、集、灭、道。他们就像干净的布很容易地染上颜色一样，在当场就获得了净眼：‘凡是缘起法，皆是灭法。’”

“他们在当下就看到了法、达到了法、了解了法、掌握了法，消除了疑惑，消除了疑惑所生的犹豫，获得了自信，不再依赖他人而理解佛法。他们对维卫佛陀说：‘世尊，真是太好了，真是太好了。就像将倒置的东西扶正，揭开盖子，指引迷路者方向，在黑暗中点亮油灯，让有眼者看见形状一样，世尊用种种方法为我们阐明了法。我们皈依世尊、皈依法、皈依僧团。请允许我们在世尊面前出家、受具足戒。’”

“这八万四千人在维卫佛陀面前出家并受具足戒。维卫佛陀用法语教导、鼓励、激励他们，解释了一切行法的过患和出离的利益。他们很快在不执著的情况下，从烦恼中解脱。”

【先前出家者的领悟】

“之前的八万四千出家人也听到了这个消息：‘维卫佛陀、阿罗汉、正等觉者已经来到王舍城的鹿野苑，他正在讲法。’于是，他们也来到鹿野苑，来到维卫佛陀面前，礼敬后，坐在一边。”

“维卫佛陀逐步地向他们讲述法，从施舍、道德、天道开始，讲述欲的过患和出离的利益。当他看到他们的心已柔软、没有障碍、清明、欢喜时，便向他们讲述四圣谛：苦、集、灭、道。他们就像干净的布很容易地染上颜色一样，在当场就获得了净眼：‘凡是缘起法，皆是灭法。’”

“他们在当下就看到了法、达到了法、了解了法、掌握了法，消除了疑惑，消除了疑惑所生的犹豫，获得了自信，不再依赖他人而理解佛法。他们对维卫佛陀说：‘世尊，真是太好了，真是太好了。就像将倒置的东西扶正，揭开盖子，指引迷路者方向，在黑暗中点亮油灯，让有眼者看见形状一样，世尊用种种方法为我们阐明了法。我们皈依世尊、皈依法、皈依僧团。请允许我们在世尊面前出家、受具足戒。’”

“这八万四千人在维卫佛陀面前出家并受具足戒。维卫佛陀用法语教导、鼓励、激励他们，解释了一切行法的过患和出离的利益。他们很快在不执著的情况下，从烦恼中解脱。”

【允许游行】

“当时，在王舍城有一大群比丘，共有八万四千人。维卫佛陀在独处时心中想：‘现在王舍城有一大群比丘，八万四千人。我应该允许他们去游方，为更多人的利益、安乐、出于对世界的慈悲，为天人的利益、安乐。让他们不要单独行动，两人一组去传播法。这个法初善、中善、后善，具足意义、词句，圆满清净，显明圣行。有些众生根器好，他们会因未闻法而衰败，将来他们会理解法的。而且，每六年他们应该返回王舍城一次，集会诵戒。’”

“这时，某大梵天用心念知晓了维卫佛陀的想法，就像一个有力的人伸展或收回手臂一样，从梵天世界消失，出现在维卫佛陀面前。他整齐地披上衣，跪下右膝，双手合十，对维卫佛陀说：‘世尊，您说的正是如此。现在王舍城有一大群比丘，八万四千人。请允许他们去游方，为更多人的利益、安乐、出于对世界的慈悲，为天人的利益、安乐。让他们不要单独行动，两人一组去传播法。这个法初善、中善、后善，具足意义、词句，圆满清净，显明圣行。有些众生根器好，他们会因未闻法而衰败，将来他们会理解法的。我们会确保比丘们每六年返回王舍城一次，集会诵戒。’说完这些话，大梵天向世尊鞠躬，绕行后消失了。”

“傍晚时分，维卫佛陀从禅定中起身，对在场的比丘们说：‘比丘们，我在独处时心中想过：“现在王舍城有一大群比丘，八万四千人。我应该允许他们去游方，为更多人的利益、安乐、出于对世界的慈悲，为天人的利益、安乐。让他们不要单独行动，两人一组去传播法。这个法初善、中善、后善，具足意义、词句，圆满清净，显明圣行。有些众生根器好，他们会因未闻法而衰败，将来他们会理解法的。而且，每六年他们应该返回王舍城一次，集会诵戒。”这时，某大梵天用心念知晓了我的想法，出现在我面前，对我说：“世尊，您说的正是如此。现在王舍城有一大群比丘，八万四千人。请允许他们去游方，为更多人的利益、安乐、出于对世界的慈悲，为天人的利益、安乐。让他们不要单独行动，两人一组去传播法。这个法初善、中善、后善，具足意义、词句，圆满清净，显明圣行。有些众生根器好，他们会因未闻法而衰败，将来他们会理解法的。我们会确保比丘们每六年返回王舍城一次，集会诵戒。”说完这些话，大梵天向我鞠躬，绕行后消失了。”

“‘比丘们，我允许你们去游方，为更多人的利益、安乐、出于对世界的慈悲，为天人的利益、安乐。不要单独行动，两人一组去传播法。这个法初善、中善、后善，具足意义、词句，圆满清净，显明圣行。有些众生根器好，他们会因未闻法而衰败，将来他们会理解法的。而且，每六年你们应该返回王舍城一次，集会诵戒。’于是，大多数比丘在第二天就出发了。”

“那时，在印度有八万四千个住处。每过一年，天神就会提醒他们：‘已经过了一年，现在还剩五年，五年后你们要返回王舍城集会诵戒。’每过两年、三年、四年、五年，天神都会提醒他们：‘已经过去了两年、三年、四年、五年，现在还剩一年，一年后你们要返回王舍城集会诵戒。’第六年时，天神提醒：‘六年已经过去，现在是返回王舍城集会诵戒的时候了。’于是，那些比丘们有的用自己的神通，有的借助天神的神通，在一天内返回了王舍城进行集会诵戒。”

“在那里，维卫佛陀对僧团宣讲戒律：

‘忍耐是最大的苦行，涅槃是诸佛所称的最高境界，

不伤害他人者，是出家人，伤害他人者不是沙门。

不作一切恶，行一切善，

净化自己的心，这是诸佛的教导。

不诽谤，不伤害，遵守戒律，

饮食适量，住于静处，

精进于禅定，这是诸佛的教导。’”

【天神的报告】

“有一次，我在优填国优波迦园的沙罗树王下独处时，心中想到：‘除了清净天外，我在以往很长时间里未曾住过其他地方。现在我应该去清净天。’就像一个有力的人伸展或收回手臂一样，我从沙罗树王下消失，出现在阿毗梵天众中，许多千百万的天神前来见我，向我礼敬后，站在一边。这些天神对我说：‘从这个世界过去九十一劫时，维卫佛陀、阿罗汉、正等觉者诞生于世。维卫佛陀出身刹帝利，生于刹帝利家族，姓是拘那含，寿命为八万岁，在菩提树下悟道。他的首席弟子对是迦叶提萨。维卫佛陀有三次大众集会，第一次有一百六十万人，第二次有一百万人，第三次有八万人，这些集会中所有的人都已证得无漏。他的侍者是阿索。他的父亲是班度摩王，母亲是班度摩提，他的都城是班度摩提。维卫佛陀就是这样出家、这样修行、这样成道、这样转法轮的。我们因为在维卫佛陀处修行，断除了对欲的贪爱，所以投生到这里。’”

“同样，在阿他婆天、苏达萨天、苏达悉天、阿迦尼吒天中，许多千百万的天神都前来见我，向我礼敬后，站在一边。这些天神也向我报告了过去的佛陀，包括尸弃佛陀、毗舍浮佛陀、拘楼孙佛陀、拘那含牟尼佛陀、迦叶佛陀的情况，以及我自己目前的情况。他们说：‘在这一吉祥的劫中，现在的正等觉者诞生于世。世尊出身刹帝利，生于刹帝利家族，姓是瞿昙。世尊的寿命短暂，少而轻，活得长的人也只有一百岁左右。世尊在毕钵罗树下悟道。世尊的首席弟子对是舍利弗与目犍连。世尊有一次大众集会，有一千二百五十人，这些集会中所有的人都已证得无漏。世尊的侍者是阿难。世尊的父亲是净饭王，母亲是摩耶，他的都城是迦毗罗卫。世尊就是这样出家、这样修行、这样成道、这样转法轮的。我们因为在世尊处修行，断除了对欲的贪爱，所以投生到这里。’”

“因此，诸比丘们，我因为对法的体悟极为深刻，所以能够回忆起过去已经入灭的、已断除烦恼、已结束轮回、已超越所有苦的佛陀的出生、名字、家族、寿命、弟子对、弟子集会，说：‘这些佛陀是这样的出身，这样命名，这样家族，这样道德，这样法，这样智慧，这样修行，这样解脱。’天神也向我报告了这些事。”

结语

世尊如是说。比丘们对世尊的话感到非常喜悦。

《大缘经》第一结束。

巴利语原版经文

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.

Dīghanikāyo

二、Mahāvaggapāḷi

DN.14/(1) Mahāpadānasuttaṃ

Pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttakathā

　　 1. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme karerikuṭikāyaṃ. Atha kho sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṃ karerimaṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā dhammī kathā udapādi– “itipi pubbenivāso, itipi pubbenivāso”ti.

　　 2. Assosi kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena karerimaṇḍalamāḷo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “kāyanuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā; kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā”ti?

　　 Evaṃ vutte te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “idha, bhante, amhākaṃ pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṃ karerimaṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā dhammī kathā udapādi– ‘itipi pubbenivāso itipi pubbenivāso’ti. Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā. Atha bhagavā anuppatto”ti.

　　 3. “Iccheyyātha no tumhe, bhikkhave, pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ sotun”ti? “Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo; yaṃ bhagavā pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyya, bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti. “Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇāthasādhukaṃ manasi karotha bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 4. “Ito so, bhikkhave, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Ito so, bhikkhave, ekatiṃse kappe yaṃ sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Tasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, ekatiṃse kappe vessabhū bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe kakusandho bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe koṇāgamano bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe ahaṃ etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno.

　　 5. “Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosiṃ, khattiyakule uppanno.

　　 6. “Vipassī bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho gotamo gottena ahosiṃ.

　　 7. “Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sattativassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa saṭṭhivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cattālīsavassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tiṃsavassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa vīsativassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ; yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo.

　　 8. “Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho puṇḍarīkassa mūle abhisambuddho. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho sālassa mūle abhisambuddho. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho sirīsassa mūle abhisambuddho. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho udumbarassa mūle abhisambuddho. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho nigrodhassa mūle abhisambuddho. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho assatthassa mūle abhisambuddho.

　　 9. “Vipassissa bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa abhibhūsambhavaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa soṇuttaraṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa vidhurasañjīvaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bhiyyosuttaraṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tissabhāradvājaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi sāriputtamoggallānaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ.

　　 10. “Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

　　 “Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sattatibhikkhusahassāni. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

　　 “Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sattatibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi saṭṭhibhikkhusahassāni. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

　　 “Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi cattālīsabhikkhusahassāni. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

　　 “Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi tiṃsabhikkhusahassāni. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

　　 “Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi vīsatibhikkhusahassāni. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

　　 “Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatāni. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.

　　 11. “Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khemaṅkaro nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa upasanto nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa buddhijo nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sotthijo nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sabbamitto nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi ānando nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko.

　　 12. “Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

　　 “Sikhissa bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa aruṇo nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Pabhāvatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Aruṇassa rañño aruṇavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

　　 “Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa suppatito nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Vassavatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Suppatitassa rañño anomaṃ nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

　　 “Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa aggidatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Visākhā nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena khemo nāma rājā ahosi. Khemassa rañño khemavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

　　 “Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa yaññadatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Uttarā nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena sobho nāma rājā ahosi. Sobhassa rañño sobhavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

　　 “Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa brahmadatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Dhanavatī nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena kikī nāma rājā ahosi. Kikissa rañño bārāṇasī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

　　 “Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi suddhodano nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Māyā nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Kapilavatthu nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosī”ti. Idamavoca bhagavā, idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.

　　 13. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato ayamantarākathā udapādi– “acchariyaṃ, āvuso, abbhutaṃ, āvuso, tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā. Yatra hi nāma tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarissati, nāmatopi anussarissati, gottatopi anussarissati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarissati, sāvakayugatopi anussarissati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarissati– ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’”ti.

　　 “Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, tathāgatasseva nu kho esā dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati– ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti, udāhu devatā tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati– ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’”ti. Ayañca hidaṃ tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antarākathā vippakatā hoti.

　　 14. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena karerimaṇḍalamāḷo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “kāyanuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā; kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā”ti?

　　 Evaṃ vutte te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “idha, bhante, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato ayaṃ antarākathā udapādi– ‘acchariyaṃ, āvuso, abbhutaṃ, āvuso, tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā, yatra hi nāma tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarissati, nāmatopi anussarissati, gottatopi anussarissati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarissati, sāvakayugatopi anussarissati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarissati– “evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī”ti. Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, tathāgatasseva nu kho esā dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati– “evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī”ti. Udāhu devatā tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati– ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti? Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā, atha bhagavā anuppatto”ti.

　　 15. “Tathāgatassevesā, bhikkhave, dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati– ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti. Devatāpi tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati– ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti.

　　 “Iccheyyātha no tumhe, bhikkhave, bhiyyosomattāya pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ sotun”ti? “Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo; yaṃ bhagavā bhiyyosomattāya pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyya, bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti. “Tena hi, bhikkhave suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 16. “Ito so, bhikkhave, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Vipassissa, bhikkhave bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.

Bodhisattadhammatā

　　 17. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā sato sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkami. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 18. “Dhammatā, esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā mātukucchiṃ okkamati. Atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā yattha pime candimasūriyā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā ābhāya nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā, tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti– ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Ayañca dasasahassī lokadhātu saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 19. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, cattāro naṃ devaputtā catuddisaṃ rakkhāya upagacchanti– ‘mā naṃ bodhisattaṃ vā bodhisattamātaraṃ vā manusso vā amanusso vā koci vā viheṭhesī’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 20. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, pakatiyā sīlavatī bodhisattamātā hoti, viratā pāṇātipātā, viratā adinnādānā, viratā kāmesumicchācārā viratā musāvādā, viratā surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 21. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu purisesu mānasaṃ uppajjati kāmaguṇūpasaṃhitaṃ, anatikkamanīyā ca bodhisattamātā hoti kenaci purisena rattacittena. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 22. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, lābhinī bodhisattamātā hoti pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ. Sā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricāreti. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 23. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu kocideva ābādho uppajjati. Sukhinī bodhisattamātā hoti akilantakāyā, bodhisattañca bodhisattamātā tirokucchigataṃ passati sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatrāssa suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso hatthe karitvā paccavekkheyya – ‘ayaṃ kho maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatridaṃ suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā’ti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu kocideva ābādho uppajjati, sukhinī bodhisattamātā hoti akilantakāyā bodhisattañca bodhisattamātā tirokucchigataṃ passati sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 24. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, sattāhajāte bodhisatte bodhisattamātā kālaṅkaroti tusitaṃ kāyaṃ upapajjati. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 25. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yathā aññā itthikā nava vā dasa vā māse gabbhaṃ kucchinā pariharitvā vijāyanti, na hevaṃ bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Daseva māsāni bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā kucchinā pariharitvā vijāyati. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 26. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yathā aññā itthikā nisinnā vā nipannā vā vijāyanti, na hevaṃ bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Ṭhitāva bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 27. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, devā paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti, pacchā manussā. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 28. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, appattova bodhisatto pathaviṃ hoti, cattāro naṃ devaputtā paṭiggahetvā mātu purato ṭhapenti– ‘attamanā, devi, hohi; mahesakkho te putto uppanno’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 29. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, visadova nikkhamati amakkhito udena amakkhito semhena amakkhito ruhirena amakkhito kenaci asucinā suddho visado. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, maṇiratanaṃ kāsike vatthe nikkhittaṃ neva maṇiratanaṃ kāsikaṃ vatthaṃ makkheti, nāpi kāsikaṃ vatthaṃ maṇiratanaṃ makkheti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Ubhinnaṃ suddhattā. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, visadova nikkhamati amakkhito, udena amakkhito semhena amakkhito ruhirena amakkhito kenaci asucinā suddho visado. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 30. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, dve udakassa dhārā antalikkhā pātubhavanti– ekā sītassa ekā uṇhassa yena bodhisattassa udakakiccaṃ karonti mātu ca. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 31. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, sampatijāto bodhisatto samehi pādehi patiṭṭhahitvā uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gacchati setamhi chatte anudhāriyamāne, sabbā ca disā anuviloketi, āsabhiṃ vācaṃ bhāsati ‘aggohamasmi lokassa, jeṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, seṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, ayamantimā jāti, natthidāni punabbhavo’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.

　　 32. “Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati, atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā, yattha pime candimasūriyā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā ābhāya nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā, tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti– ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Ayañca dasasahassī lokadhātu saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.

Dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇā

　　 33. “Jāte kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassimhi kumāre bandhumato rañño paṭivedesuṃ– ‘putto te, deva, jāto, taṃ devo passatū’ti. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassiṃ kumāraṃ, disvā nemitte brāhmaṇe āmantāpetvā etadavoca– ‘passantu bhonto nemittā brāhmaṇā kumāran’ti. Addasaṃsu kho, bhikkhave, nemittā brāhmaṇā vipassiṃ kumāraṃ, disvā bandhumantaṃ rājānaṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘attamano, deva, hohi, mahesakkho te putto uppanno, lābhā te, mahārāja, suladdhaṃ te, mahārāja, yassa te kule evarūpo putto uppanno. Ayañhi, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti. Seyyathidaṃ– cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado.

　　 34. ‘Katamehi cāyaṃ, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāpī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti Seyyathidaṃ– cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado.

　　 35. ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro suppatiṭṭhitapādo. Yaṃ pāyaṃ, deva, kumāro suppatiṭṭhitapādo. Idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

　　 ‘Imassa, deva, kumārassa heṭṭhā pādatalesu cakkāni jātāni sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni. Yampi, imassa deva, kumārassa heṭṭhā pādatalesu cakkāni jātāni sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni, idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

　　 ‘Ayañhi deva, kumāro āyatapaṇhī …pe…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro dīghaṅgulī…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro mudutalunahatthapādo…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva kumāro jālahatthapādo…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ussaṅkhapādo…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro eṇijaṅgho…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ṭhitakova anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati…

　　 ‘Ayañhi deva, kumāro kosohitavatthaguyho…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro suvaṇṇavaṇṇo kañcanasannibhattaco…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sukhumacchavī; sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṃ kāye na upalimpati…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ekekalomo; ekekāni lomāni lomakūpesu jātāni…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro uddhaggalomo; uddhaggāni lomāni jātāni nīlāni añjanavaṇṇāni kuṇḍalāvaṭṭāni dakkhiṇāvaṭṭakajātāni…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro brahmujugatto…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sattussado…

　　 ‘Ayañhi deva, kumāro sīhapubbaddhakāyo…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro citantaraṃso…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo yāvatakvassa kāyo tāvatakvassa byāmo, yāvatakvassa byāmo, tāvatakvassa kāyo…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro samavaṭṭakkhandho…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro rasaggasaggī…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sīhahanu…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro cattālīsadanto…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro samadanto…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro aviraḷadanto…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro susukkadāṭho…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro pahūtajivho…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro brahmassaro karavīkabhāṇī…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro abhinīlanetto…

　　 ‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro gopakhumo…

　　 Imassa, deva, kumārassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā odātā mudutūlasannibhā. Yampi imassa deva kumārassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā odātā mudutūlasannibhā, idampimassa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

　　 ‘Ayañhi deva, kumāro uṇhīsasīso. Yaṃ pāyaṃ, deva, kumāro uṇhīsasīso, idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

　　 36. ‘Imehi kho ayaṃ, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti. Seyyathidaṃ– cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado’ti.

Vipassīsamaññā

　　 37. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā nemitte brāhmaṇe ahatehi vatthehi acchādāpetvā sabbakāmehi santappesi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa dhātiyo upaṭṭhāpesi. Aññā khīraṃ pāyenti, aññā nhāpenti, aññā dhārenti, aññā aṅkena pariharanti. Jātassa kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa setacchattaṃ dhārayittha divā ceva rattiñca– ‘mā naṃ sītaṃ vā uṇhaṃ vā tiṇaṃ vā rajo vā ussāvo vā bādhayitthā’ti. Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahuno janassa piyo ahosi manāpo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uppalaṃ vā padumaṃ vā puṇḍarīkaṃ vā bahuno janassa piyaṃ manāpaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahuno janassa piyo ahosi manāpo. Svāssudaṃ aṅkeneva aṅkaṃ parihariyati.

　　 38. “Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro mañjussaro ca ahosi vaggussaro ca madhurassaro ca pemaniyassaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, himavante pabbate karavīkā nāma sakuṇajāti mañjussarā ca vaggussarā ca madhurassarā ca pemaniyassarā ca; evameva kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro mañjussaro ca ahosi vaggussaro ca madhurassaro ca pemaniyassaro ca.

　　 39. “Jātassa kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa kammavipākajaṃ dibbacakkhu pāturahosi yena sudaṃ samantā yojanaṃ passati divā ceva rattiñca.

　　 40. “Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro animisanto pekkhati seyyathāpi devā tāvatiṃsā. ‘Animisanto kumāro pekkhatī’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa ‘vipassī vipassī’ tveva samaññā udapādi.

　　 41. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā atthakaraṇe nisinno vipassiṃ kumāraṃ aṅke nisīdāpetvā atthe anusāsati Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pitu-aṅke nisinno viceyya viceyya atthe panāyati ñāyena. Viceyya viceyya kumāro atthe panāyati ñāyenāti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya ‘vipassī vipassī’ tveva samaññā udapādi.

　　 42. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa tayo pāsāde kārāpesi, ekaṃ vassikaṃ ekaṃ hemantikaṃ ekaṃ gimhikaṃ; pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro vassike pāsāde cattāro māse nippurisehi tūriyehi paricārayamāno na heṭṭhāpāsādaṃ orohatī”ti.

　　 Paṭhamabhāṇavāro.

Jiṇṇapuriso

　　 43. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahūnaṃ vassānaṃ bahūnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahūnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘yojehi, samma sārathi, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmidassanāyā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni yojetvā vipassissa kumārassa paṭivedesi– ‘yuttāni kho te, deva, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’ti Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bhaddaṃ bhaddaṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhaddehi bhaddehi yānehi uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyāsi.

　　 44. “Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ jiṇṇaṃ gopānasivaṅkaṃ bhoggaṃ daṇḍaparāyanaṃ pavedhamānaṃ gacchantaṃ āturaṃ gatayobbanaṃ. Disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato? Kesāpissa na yathā aññesaṃ, kāyopissa na yathā aññesan’ti. ‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, jiṇṇo nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāma. Na dāni tena ciraṃ jīvitabbaṃ bhavissatī’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi jarādhammo, jaraṃ anatīto’ti? ‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe jarādhammā, jaraṃ anatītā’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā. Itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati– ‘dhiratthu kira, bho, jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissatī’ti!

　　 45. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā sārathiṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca– ‘kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha? Kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti? ‘Na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, addasa kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto’ti? ‘Addasā kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ jiṇṇaṃ gopānasivaṅkaṃ bhoggaṃ daṇḍaparāyanaṃ pavedhamānaṃ gacchantaṃ āturaṃ gatayobbanaṃ. Disvā maṃ etadavoca– “ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato, kesāpissa na yathā aññesaṃ, kāyopissa na yathā aññesan”ti? “Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāmā”ti. “Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, jiṇṇo nāmā”ti? “Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāma na dāni tena ciraṃ jīvitabbaṃ bhavissatī”ti. “Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi jarādhammo, jaraṃ anatīto”ti? “Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe jarādhammā, jaraṃ anatītā”ti.

　　 “‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’”ti. “Evaṃ, devā”ti kho ahaṃ, deva, vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsiṃ. So kho, deva, kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati– “dhiratthu kira bho jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissatī’”ti.

Byādhitapuriso

　　 46. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumassa rañño etadahosi–

　　 ‘Mā heva kho vipassī kumāro na rajjaṃ kāresi, mā heva vipassī kumāro agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji, mā heva nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ assa vacanan’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi– ‘yathā vipassī kumāro rajjaṃ kareyya, yathā vipassī kumāro na agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya, yathā nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ micchā assa vacanan’ti.

　　 “Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahūnaṃ vassānaṃ …pe…

　　 47. “Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ ābādhikaṃ dukkhitaṃ bāḷhagilānaṃ sake muttakarīse palipannaṃ semānaṃ aññehi vuṭṭhāpiyamānaṃ aññehi saṃvesiyamānaṃ. Disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato? Akkhīnipissa na yathā aññesaṃ, saropissa na yathā aññesan’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, byādhito nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, byādhito nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, byādhito nāma appeva nāma tamhā ābādhā vuṭṭhaheyyā’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi byādhidhammo, byādhiṃ anatīto’ti? ‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe byādhidhammā, byādhiṃ anatītā’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’ti. ‘Evaṃ devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati– ‘dhiratthu kira bho jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissati, byādhi paññāyissatī’ti.

　　 48. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā sārathiṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca– ‘kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti? ‘Na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, addasa kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto’ti? ‘Addasā kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ ābādhikaṃ dukkhitaṃ bāḷhagilānaṃ sake muttakarīse Palipannaṃ semānaṃ aññehi vuṭṭhāpiyamānaṃ aññehi saṃvesiyamānaṃ. Disvā maṃ etadavoca– “ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato, akkhīnipissa na yathā aññesaṃ, saropissa na yathā aññesan”ti? “Eso kho, deva, byādhito nāmā”ti. “Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, byādhito nāmā”ti? “Eso kho, deva, byādhito nāma appeva nāma tamhā ābādhā vuṭṭhaheyyā”ti. “Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi byādhidhammo, byādhiṃ anatīto”ti? “Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe byādhidhammā, byādhiṃ anatītā”ti. “Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī”ti. “Evaṃ, devā”ti kho ahaṃ, deva, vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsiṃ. So kho, deva, kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati– “‘dhiratthu kira bho jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissati, byādhi paññāyissatī’”ti.

Kālaṅkatapuriso

　　 49. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumassa rañño etadahosi– ‘mā heva kho vipassī kumāro na rajjaṃ kāresi, mā heva vipassī kumāro agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji, mā heva nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ assa vacanan’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi– ‘yathā vipassī kumāro rajjaṃ kareyya, yathā vipassī kumāro na agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya, yathā nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ micchā assa vacanan’ti.

　　 “Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahūnaṃ vassānaṃ …pe…

　　 50. “Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto mahājanakāyaṃ sannipatitaṃ nānārattānañca dussānaṃ vilātaṃ kayiramānaṃ. Disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘kiṃ nu kho, so, samma sārathi, mahājanakāyo sannipatito nānārattānañca dussānaṃ vilātaṃ kayiratī’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, kālaṅkato nāmā’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, yena so kālaṅkato tena rathaṃ pesehī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā yena so kālaṅkato tena rathaṃ pesesi. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro petaṃ kālaṅkataṃ, disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘kiṃ panāyaṃ, samma sārathi, kālaṅkato nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, kālaṅkato nāma. Na dāni taṃ dakkhanti mātā vā pitā vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā, sopi na dakkhissati mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi maraṇadhammo maraṇaṃ anatīto; mampi na dakkhanti devo vā devī vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā; ahampi na dakkhissāmi devaṃ vā deviṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’ti? ‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe maraṇadhammā maraṇaṃ anatītā; tampi na dakkhanti devo vā devī vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā; tvampi na dakkhissasi devaṃ vā deviṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati– ‘dhiratthu kira, bho, jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissati, byādhi paññāyissati, maraṇaṃ paññāyissatī’ti.

　　 51. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā sārathiṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca– ‘kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, kacci, samma sārathi, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti? ‘Na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā abhiramittha, na kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiyā attamano ahosī’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, addasa kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto’ti? ‘Addasā kho, deva, kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto mahājanakāyaṃ sannipatitaṃ nānārattānañca dussānaṃ vilātaṃ kayiramānaṃ. Disvā maṃ etadavoca– “kiṃ nu kho, so samma sārathi, mahājanakāyo sannipatito nānārattānañca dussānaṃ vilātaṃ kayiratī”ti? “Eso kho, deva, kālaṅkato nāmā”ti. “Tena hi, samma sārathi, yena so kālaṅkato tena rathaṃ pesehī”ti. “Evaṃ devā”ti kho ahaṃ, deva, vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā yena so kālaṅkato tena rathaṃ pesesiṃ. Addasā kho, deva, kumāro petaṃ kālaṅkataṃ, disvā maṃ etadavoca– “kiṃ panāyaṃ, samma sārathi, kālaṅkato nāmā”ti “Eso kho, deva, kālaṅkato nāma. Na dāni taṃ dakkhanti mātā vā pitā vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā, sopi na dakkhissati mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite”ti. “Kiṃ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi maraṇadhammo maraṇaṃ anatīto; mampi na dakkhanti devo vā devī vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā; ahampi na dakkhissāmi devaṃ vā deviṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite”ti? “Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe maraṇadhammā maraṇaṃ anatītā; tampi na dakkhanti devo vā devī vā aññe vā ñātisālohitā, tvampi na dakkhissasi devaṃ vā deviṃ vā aññe vā ñātisālohite”ti. “Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṃ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā, itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhī’ti. “‘Evaṃ, devā”ti kho ahaṃ, deva, vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsiṃ. So kho, deva, kumāro antepuraṃ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati– “dhiratthu kira bho jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissati, byādhi paññāyissati, maraṇaṃ paññāyissatī’”ti.

Pabbajito

　　 52. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumassa rañño etadahosi– ‘mā heva kho vipassī kumāro na rajjaṃ kāresi, mā heva vipassī kumāro agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji, mā heva nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ assa vacanan’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi– ‘yathā vipassī kumāro rajjaṃ kareyya, yathā vipassī kumāro na agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya, yathā nemittānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ micchā assa vacanan’ti.

　　 “Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahūnaṃ vassānaṃ bahūnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahūnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘yojehi, samma sārathi, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni, uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmidassanāyā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni yojetvā vipassissa kumārassa paṭivedesi– ‘yuttāni kho te, deva, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bhaddaṃ bhaddaṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhaddehi bhaddehi yānehi uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyāsi.

　　 53. “Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyanto purisaṃ bhaṇḍuṃ pabbajitaṃ kāsāyavasanaṃ. Disvā sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘ayaṃ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṃkato? Sīsaṃpissa na yathā aññesaṃ, vatthānipissa na yathā aññesan’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, pabbajito nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṃ paneso, samma sārathi, pabbajito nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, pabbajito nāma sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṃsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti. ‘Sādhu kho so, samma sārathi, pabbajito nāma, sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṃsā sādhu bhūtānukampā. Tena hi, samma sārathi, yena so pabbajito tena rathaṃ pesehī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā yena so pabbajito tena rathaṃ pesesi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro taṃ pabbajitaṃ etadavoca– ‘tvaṃ pana, samma, kiṃkato, sīsampi te na yathā aññesaṃ, vatthānipi te na yathā aññesan’ti? ‘Ahaṃ kho, deva, pabbajito nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, samma, pabbajito nāmā’ti? ‘Ahaṃ kho, deva, pabbajito nāma, sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṃsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti. ‘Sādhu kho tvaṃ, samma, pabbajito nāma sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṃsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti.

Bodhisattapabbajjā

　　 54. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘tena hi, samma sārathi, rathaṃ ādāya itova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāhi. Ahaṃ pana idheva kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissāmī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā rathaṃ ādāya tatova antepuraṃ paccaniyyāsi. Vipassī pana kumāro tattheva kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji.

Mahājanakāya-anupabbajjā

　　 55. “Assosi kho, bhikkhave, bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā mahājanakāyo caturāsīti pāṇasahassāni– ‘vipassī kira kumāro kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito’ti. Sutvāna tesaṃ etadahosi– ‘na hi nūna so orako dhammavinayo, na sā orakā pabbajjā, yattha vipassī kumāro kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito. Vipassīpi nāma kumāro kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissati, kimaṅgaṃ pana mayan’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, so bhikkhave, mahājanakāyo caturāsīti pāṇasahassāni kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā vipassiṃ bodhisattaṃ agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitaṃ anupabbajiṃsu. Tāya sudaṃ, bhikkhave, parisāya parivuto vipassī bodhisatto gāmanigamajanapadarājadhānīsu cārikaṃ carati.

　　 56. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi– ‘na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ yohaṃ ākiṇṇo viharāmi, yaṃnūnāhaṃ eko gaṇamhā vūpakaṭṭho vihareyyan’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bodhisatto aparena samayena eko gaṇamhā vūpakaṭṭho vihāsi aññeneva tāni caturāsīti pabbajitasahassāni agamaṃsu, aññena maggena vipassī bodhisatto.

Bodhisatta-abhiniveso

　　 57. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa vāsūpagatassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi– ‘kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno, jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca, atha ca panimassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ nappajānāti jarāmaraṇassa, kudāssu nāma imassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyissati jarāmaraṇassā’ti?

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā jarāmaraṇan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘jātiyā kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇan’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jāti hoti, kiṃpaccayā jātī’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘bhave kho sati jāti hoti, bhavapaccayā jātī’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati bhavo hoti, kiṃpaccayā bhavo’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘upādāne kho sati bhavo hoti, upādānapaccayā bhavo’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati upādānaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā upādānan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘taṇhāya kho sati upādānaṃ hoti, taṇhāpaccayā upādānan’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati taṇhā hoti, kiṃpaccayā taṇhā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘vedanāya kho sati taṇhā hoti, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati vedanā hoti, kiṃpaccayā vedanā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘phasse kho sati vedanā hoti, phassapaccayā vedanā’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati phasso hoti, kiṃpaccayā phasso’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘saḷāyatane kho sati phasso hoti, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā saḷāyatanan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘nāmarūpe kho sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanan’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā nāmarūpan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘viññāṇe kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpan’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā viññāṇan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘nāmarūpe kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇan’ti.

　　 58. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘paccudāvattati kho idaṃ viññāṇaṃ nāmarūpamhā, nāparaṃ gacchati. Ettāvatā jāyetha vā jiyyetha vā miyyetha vā cavetha vā upapajjetha vā, yadidaṃ nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ, upādānapaccayā bhavo, bhavapaccayā jāti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’.

　　 59. “‘Samudayo samudayo’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

　　 60. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo ‘jātiyā kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati jāti na hoti, kissa nirodhā jātinirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘bhave kho asati jāti na hoti, bhavanirodhā jātinirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati bhavo na hoti, kissa nirodhā bhavanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘upādāne kho asati bhavo na hoti, upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati upādānaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā upādānanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘taṇhāya kho asati upādānaṃ na hoti, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati taṇhā na hoti, kissa nirodhā taṇhānirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo ‘vedanāya kho asati taṇhā na hoti, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati vedanā na hoti, kissa nirodhā vedanānirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘phasse kho asati vedanā na hoti, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati phasso na hoti, kissa nirodhā phassanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘saḷāyatane kho asati phasso na hoti, saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā saḷāyatananirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘nāmarūpe kho asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘viññāṇe kho asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’ti.

　　 “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā viññāṇanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘nāmarūpe kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho’ti.

　　 61. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ maggo sambodhāya yadidaṃ– nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho, nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho, saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho, upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho, bhavanirodhā jātinirodho, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti’.

　　 62. “‘Nirodho nirodho’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

　　 63. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bodhisatto aparena samayena pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī vihāsi – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā, iti vedanāya samudayo, iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā, iti saññāya samudayo, iti saññāya atthaṅgamo; iti saṅkhārā, iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo, iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo; iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti, tassa pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassino viharato na cirasseva anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccī”ti.

　　 Dutiyabhāṇavāro.

Brahmayācanakathā

　　 64. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa etadahosi– ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyan’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa etadahosi– ‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo. Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā. Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ duddasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ; so mamassa kilamatho, sā mamassa vihesā’ti.

　　 65. “Apissu, bhikkhave, vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā–

　　 ‘Kicchena me adhigataṃ, halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ;

　　 Rāgadosaparetehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.

　　 ‘Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ, gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ;

　　 Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokhandhena āvuṭā’ti.

　　 “Itiha bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ nami, no dhammadesanāya.

　　 66. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññatarassa mahābrahmuno vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya etadahosi ‘nassati vata bho loko, vinassati vata bho loko, yatra hi nāma vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati, no dhammadesanāyā’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva brahmaloke antarahito vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa purato pāturahosi. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dakkhiṇaṃ jāṇumaṇḍalaṃ pathaviyaṃ nihantvā yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca– ‘desetu, bhante, bhagavā dhammaṃ, desetu sugato dhammaṃ, santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā; assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’ti.

　　 67. “Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavoca– ‘mayhampi kho, brahme, etadahosi– “yaṃnūnāhaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyan”ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, brahme, etadahosi– “adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo. Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā. Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ duddasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ; so mamassa kilamatho, sā mamassa vihesā”ti. Apissu maṃ, brahme imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā–

　　 “Kicchena me adhigataṃ, halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ;

　　 Rāgadosaparetehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.

　　 “Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ, gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ;

　　 Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokhandhena āvuṭā”ti.

　　 ‘Itiha me, brahme, paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ nami, no dhammadesanāyā’ti.

　　 68. “Dutiyampi kho, bhikkhave, so mahābrahmā …pe… tatiyampi kho, bhikkhave, so mahābrahmā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca– ‘desetu, bhante, bhagavā dhammaṃ, desetu sugato dhammaṃ, santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’ti.

　　 69. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brahmuno ca ajjhesanaṃ viditvā sattesu ca kāruññataṃ paṭicca buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesi. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante. Seyyathāpi nāma uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni anto nimuggaposīni. Appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni samodakaṃ ṭhitāni. Appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakā accuggamma ṭhitāni anupalittāni udakena. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento addasa satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante.

　　 70. “Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi–

　　 ‘Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito, yathāpi passe janataṃ samantato.

　　 Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedha, pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu.

　　 ‘Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ janatamapetasoko, avekkhassu jātijarābhibhūtaṃ.

　　 Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma, satthavāha aṇaṇa vicara loke.

　　 Desassu bhagavā dhammaṃ, aññātāro bhavissantī’ti.

　　 71. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi–

　　 ‘Apārutā tesaṃ amatassa dvārā, ye sotavanto pamuñcantu saddhaṃ.

　　 Vihiṃsasaññī paguṇaṃ na bhāsiṃ, dhammaṃ paṇītaṃ manujesu brahme’ti.

　　 “Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā ‘katāvakāso khomhi vipassinā bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammadesanāyā’ti vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tattheva antaradhāyi.

Aggasāvakayugaṃ

　　 72. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa etadahosi– ‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, ko imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa etadahosi– ‘ayaṃ kho khaṇḍo ca rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasanti paṇḍitā viyattā medhāvino dīgharattaṃ apparajakkhajātikā. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ khaṇḍassa ca rājaputtassa, tissassa ca purohitaputtassa paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ te imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissantī’ti.

　　 73. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva bodhirukkhamūle antarahito bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā kheme migadāye pāturahosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dāyapālaṃ āmantesi– ‘ehi tvaṃ, samma dāyapāla, bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ pavisitvā khaṇḍañca rājaputtaṃ tissañca purohitaputtaṃ evaṃ vadehi– vipassī, bhante, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ anuppatto kheme migadāye viharati, so tumhākaṃ dassanakāmo’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, dāyapālo vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissutvā bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ pavisitvā khaṇḍañca rājaputtaṃ tissañca purohitaputtaṃ etadavoca– ‘vipassī, bhante, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ anuppatto kheme migadāye viharati; so tumhākaṃ dassanakāmo’ti.

　　 74. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, khaṇḍo ca rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhaddaṃ bhaddaṃ yānaṃ abhiruhitvā bhaddehi bhaddehi yānehi bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā niyyiṃsu. Yena khemo migadāyo tena pāyiṃsu. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikāva yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Upasaṅkamitvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.

　　 75. “Tesaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ– dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā te bhagavā aññāsi kallacitte muducitte vinīvaraṇacitte udaggacitte pasannacitte, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi– dukkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva khaṇḍassa ca rājaputtassa tissassa ca purohitaputtassa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi– ‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman’ti.

　　 76. “Te diṭṭhadhammā pattadhammā viditadhammā pariyogāḷhadhammā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṃkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya “cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī”ti. Evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca. Labheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyāma upasampadan’ti.

　　 77. “Alatthuṃ kho bhikkhave, khaṇḍo ca rājaputto, tisso ca purohitaputto vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ alatthuṃ upasampadaṃ. Te vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi; saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nibbāne ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Tesaṃ vipassinā bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammiyā kathāya sandassiyamānānaṃ samādapiyamānānaṃ samuttejiyamānānaṃ sampahaṃsiyamānānaṃ nacirasseva anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsu.

Mahājanakāyapabbajjā

　　 78. “Assosi kho, bhikkhave, bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā mahājanakāyo caturāsītipāṇasahassāni– ‘vipassī kira bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ anuppatto kheme migadāye viharati. Khaṇḍo ca kira rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā’ti. Sutvāna nesaṃ etadahosi– ‘na hi nūna so orako dhammavinayo, na sā orakā pabbajjā, yattha khaṇḍo ca rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā. Khaṇḍo ca rājaputto tisso ca purohitaputto kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissanti, kimaṅgaṃ pana mayan’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahājanakāyo caturāsītipāṇasahassāni bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā nikkhamitvā yena khemo migadāyo yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.

　　 79. “Tesaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi. Seyyathidaṃ– dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā te bhagavā aññāsi kallacitte muducitte vinīvaraṇacitte udaggacitte pasannacitte atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi– dukkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva tesaṃ caturāsītipāṇasahassānaṃ tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi– ‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman’ti.

　　 80. “Te diṭṭhadhammā pattadhammā viditadhammā pariyogāḷhadhammā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṃkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya “cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī”ti. Evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ labheyyāma upasampadan”ti.

　　 81. “Alatthuṃ kho, bhikkhave, tāni caturāsītipāṇasahassāni vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ, alatthuṃ upasampadaṃ. Te vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi; saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nibbāne ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Tesaṃ vipassinā bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammiyā kathāya sandassiyamānānaṃ samādapiyamānānaṃ samuttejiyamānānaṃ sampahaṃsiyamānānaṃ nacirasseva anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsu.

Purimapabbajitānaṃ dhammābhisamayo

　　 82. “Assosuṃ kho, bhikkhave, tāni purimāni caturāsītipabbajitasahassāni– ‘vipassī kira bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ anuppatto kheme migadāye viharati, dhammañca kira desetī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, tāni caturāsītipabbajitasahassāni yena bandhumatī rājadhānī yena khemo migadāyo yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.

　　 83. “Tesaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi. Seyyathidaṃ– dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā te bhagavā aññāsi kallacitte muducitte vinīvaraṇacitte udaggacitte pasannacitte, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi– dukkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva tesaṃ caturāsītipabbajitasahassānaṃ tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi– ‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman’ti.

　　 84. “Te diṭṭhadhammā pattadhammā viditadhammā pariyogāḷhadhammā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṃkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘abhikkantaṃ bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante. Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya “cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī”ti. Evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāma mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ labheyyāma upasampadan”ti.

　　 85. “Alatthuṃ kho, bhikkhave, tāni caturāsītipabbajitasahassāni vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike pabbajjaṃ alatthuṃ upasampadaṃ. Te vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi; saṅkhārānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nibbāne ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Tesaṃ vipassinā bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dhammiyā kathāya sandassiyamānānaṃ samādapiyamānānaṃ samuttejiyamānānaṃ sampahaṃsiyamānānaṃ nacirasseva anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsu.

Cārikā-anujānanaṃ

　　 86. “Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā mahābhikkhusaṅgho paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi– ‘mahā kho etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhikkhū anujāneyyaṃ– ‘caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro. Api ca channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā’”ti.

　　 87. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro mahābrahmā vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya. Evameva brahmaloke antarahito vipassissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa purato pāturahosi. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca– ‘evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Mahā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, anujānātu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhū– “caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro”ti. Api ca, bhante, mayaṃ tathā karissāma yathā bhikkhū channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ upasaṅkamissanti pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave, so mahābrahmā, idaṃ vatvā vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tattheva antaradhāyi.

　　 88. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito bhikkhū āmantesi– ‘idha mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi– mahā kho etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhikkhū anujāneyyaṃ– ‘caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro. Api ca, channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyāti.

　　 “‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro mahābrahmā mama cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva brahmaloke antarahito mama purato pāturahosi. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mahābrahmā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yenāhaṃ tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā maṃ etadavoca– “evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Mahā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhusaṅgho bandhumatiyā rājadhāniyā paṭivasati aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Anujānātu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhū– ‘caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ …pe… santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’ti. Api ca, bhante, mayaṃ tathā karissāma, yathā bhikkhū channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ upasaṅkamissanti pātimokkhuddesāyā”ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave, so mahābrahmā, idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tattheva antaradhāyi’.

　　 “‘Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, caratha cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ; mā ekena dve agamittha; desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti, bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro. Api ca, bhikkhave, channaṃ channaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhū yebhuyyena ekāheneva janapadacārikaṃ pakkamiṃsu.

　　 89. “Tena kho pana samayena jambudīpe caturāsīti āvāsasahassāni honti. Ekamhi hi vasse nikkhante devatā saddamanussāvesuṃ– ‘nikkhantaṃ kho, mārisā, ekaṃ vassaṃ; pañca dāni vassāni sesāni pañcannaṃ vassānaṃ accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Dvīsu vassesu nikkhantesu… tīsu vassesu nikkhantesu… catūsu vassesu nikkhantesu… pañcasu vassesu nikkhantesu devatā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘nikkhantāni kho mārisā, pañcavassāni; ekaṃ dāni vassaṃ sesaṃ; ekassa vassassa accayena bandhumatī rājadhānī upasaṅkamitabbā pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Chasu vassesu nikkhantesu devatā saddamanussāvesuṃ– ‘nikkhantāni kho, mārisā, chabbassāni, samayo dāni bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ upasaṅkamituṃ pātimokkhuddesāyā’ti. Atha kho te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū appekacce sakena iddhānubhāvena appekacce devatānaṃ iddhānubhāvena ekāheneva bandhumatiṃ rājadhāniṃ upasaṅkamiṃsu pātimokkhuddesāyāti.

　　 90. “Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhikkhusaṅghe evaṃ pātimokkhaṃ uddisati–

　　 ‘Khantī paramaṃ tapo titikkhā,

　　 Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ vadanti buddhā.

　　 Na hi pabbajito parūpaghātī,

　　 Na samaṇo hoti paraṃ viheṭhayanto.

　　 ‘Sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ, kusalassa upasampadā;

　　 Sacittapariyodapanaṃ, etaṃ buddhānasāsanaṃ.

　　 ‘Anūpavādo anūpaghāto, pātimokkhe ca saṃvaro;

　　 Mattaññutā ca bhattasmiṃ, pantañca sayanāsanaṃ.

　　 Adhicitte ca āyogo, etaṃ buddhānasāsanan’ti.

Devatārocanaṃ

　　 91. “Ekamidāhaṃ, bhikkhave, samayaṃ ukkaṭṭhāyaṃ viharāmi subhagavane sālarājamūle. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi– ‘na kho so sattāvāso sulabharūpo, yo mayā anāvutthapubbo iminā dīghena addhunā aññatra suddhāvāsehi devehi. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena suddhāvāsā devā tenupasaṅkameyyan’ti. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya, evameva ukkaṭṭhāyaṃ subhagavane sālarājamūle antarahito avihesu devesu pāturahosiṃ Tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘ito so, mārisā, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vipassissa, mārisa, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi. Vipassissa, mārisā bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa evaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ ahosi evaṃ pabbajjā evaṃ padhānaṃ evaṃ abhisambodhi evaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ. Te mayaṃ, mārisā, vipassimhi bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti …pe…

　　 “Tasmiṃyeva kho, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘imasmiṃyeva kho, mārisā, bhaddakappe bhagavā etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno. Bhagavā, mārisā, khattiyo jātiyā khattiyakule uppanno. Bhagavā, mārisā, gotamo gottena. Bhagavato, mārisā, appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo. Bhagavā, mārisā, assatthassa mūle abhisambuddho. Bhagavato, mārisā, sāriputtamoggallānaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ Bhagavato, mārisā, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatāni. Bhagavato, mārisā, ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Bhagavato, mārisā, ānando nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Bhagavato, mārisā, suddhodano nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Māyā nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Kapilavatthu nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi. Bhagavato, mārisā, evaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ ahosi evaṃ pabbajjā evaṃ padhānaṃ evaṃ abhisambodhi evaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ. Te mayaṃ, mārisā, bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti.

　　 92. “Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avihehi devehi saddhiṃ yena atappā devā tenupasaṅkamiṃ …pe… atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avihehi ca devehi atappehi ca devehi saddhiṃ yena sudassā devā tenupasaṅkamiṃ. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avihehi ca devehi atappehi ca devehi sudassehi ca devehi saddhiṃ yena sudassī devā tenupasaṅkamiṃ. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, avihehi ca devehi atappehi ca devehi sudassehi ca devehi sudassīhi ca devehi saddhiṃ yena akaniṭṭhā devā tenupasaṅkamiṃ. Tasmiṃ, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu

　　 “Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘ito so, mārisā, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi. Khattiyakule udapādi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vipassī, mārisā, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi. Vipassissa, mārisā, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa evaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ ahosi evaṃ pabbajjā evaṃ padhānaṃ evaṃ abhisambodhi, evaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ. Te mayaṃ, mārisā, vipassimhi bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti. Tasmiṃyeva kho, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘ito so, mārisā, ekatiṃse kappe yaṃ sikhī bhagavā …pe… te mayaṃ, mārisā, sikhimhi bhagavati tasmiññeva kho mārisā, ekatiṃse kappe yaṃ vessabhū bhagavā …pe… te mayaṃ, mārisā, vessabhumhi bhagavati …pe… imasmiṃyeva kho, mārisā, bhaddakappe kakusandho koṇāgamano kassapo bhagavā …pe… te mayaṃ, mārisā, kakusandhamhi koṇāgamanamhi kassapamhi bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti.

　　 93. “Tasmiṃyeva kho, bhikkhave, devanikāye anekāni devatāsahassāni anekāni devatāsatasahassāni yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhikkhave, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘imasmiṃyeva kho, mārisā, bhaddakappe bhagavā etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno. Bhagavā, mārisā, khattiyo jātiyā, khattiyakule uppanno. Bhagavā, mārisā, gotamo gottena. Bhagavato, mārisā, appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo. Bhagavā, mārisā, assatthassa mūle abhisambuddho. Bhagavato, mārisā, sāriputtamoggallānaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Bhagavato mārisā, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatāni. Bhagavato, mārisā, ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Bhagavato, mārisā, ānando nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko aggupaṭṭhāko ahosi. Bhagavato, mārisā, suddhodano nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Māyā nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Kapilavatthu nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi. Bhagavato, mārisā, evaṃ abhinikkhamanaṃ ahosi, evaṃ pabbajjā, evaṃ padhānaṃ, evaṃ abhisambodhi, evaṃ dhammacakkappavattanaṃ. Te mayaṃ, mārisā, bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā kāmesu kāmacchandaṃ virājetvā idhūpapannā’ti.

　　 94. “Iti kho, bhikkhave, tathāgatassevesā dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ’ itipi. ‘Evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ’ itipīti.

　　 “Devatāpi tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ’ itipi. ‘Evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ’ itipī”ti.

　　 Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

　　 Mahāpadānasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.