相应部2相应21经 湿婆经
相应部2相应21经/湿婆经(天子相应/有偈篇/祇夜)
如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,天子湿婆在深夜里,以殊胜的容色照亮整个祇树园,来到世尊处。来到后,向世尊礼敬,然后站在一旁。站在一旁的天子湿婆在世尊面前说了以下偈颂:
"应与善人相交往,应与善人建情谊;
了知善人正法后,能变更好非更坏。
应与善人相交往,应与善人建情谊;
了知善人正法后,能得智慧非他处。
应与善人相交往,应与善人建情谊;
了知善人正法后,忧愁之中不忧愁。
应与善人相交往,应与善人建情谊;
了知善人正法后,亲族之中显光明。
应与善人相交往,应与善人建情谊;
了知善人正法后,众生得往善趣中。
应与善人相交往,应与善人建情谊;
了知善人正法后,众生恒住安稳中。"
然后,世尊以偈颂回应天子湿婆:
"应与善人相交往,应与善人建情谊;
了知善人正法后,解脱一切诸苦厄。"
这篇经文的主旨在于强调与善知识结交的重要性,以及由此带来的种种利益,包括:
1. 品德提升
2. 获得智慧
3. 摆脱忧愁
4. 在亲族中受尊重
5. 获得善趣
6. 获得持久安稳
最后佛陀总结说这样做能够解脱一切痛苦。
巴利语原版经文
3. Nānātitthiyavaggo
SN.2.21/(1). Sivasuttaṃ
102. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho sivo devaputto abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sivo devaputto bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi–
“Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, seyyo hoti na pāpiyo.
“Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, paññā labbhati nāññato.
“Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sokamajjhe na socati.
“Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, ñātimajjhe virocati.
“Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ.
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sattā gacchanti suggatiṃ.
“Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sattā tiṭṭhanti sātatan”ti.
Atha kho bhagavā sivaṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi–
“Sabbhireva samāsetha, sabbhi kubbetha santhavaṃ;
Sataṃ saddhammamaññāya, sabbadukkhā pamuccatī”ti.