96 牛粪团经

如是我闻：一时，佛在舍卫城。一位比丘坐在一旁，向世尊问道："尊者，是否有任何色是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变的、永远如此的？是否有任何受是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变的、永远如此的？是否有任何想...(中略)...是否有任何行是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变的、永远如此的？是否有任何识是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变的、永远如此的？"

世尊回答说："比丘，没有任何色是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变的、永远如此的。没有任何受...想...行...识是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变的、永远如此的。"

这时，世尊拿起一小块牛粪，对那位比丘说："比丘，即使是这么小的自我存在也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变的。如果有这样常住的自我存在，那么为了完全灭苦的梵行就没有意义了。正因为连这么小的自我存在都不是常住的，所以为了完全灭苦的梵行才有意义。"

"比丘，我过去曾是一位灌顶剎帝利王。那时我拥有八万四千座城市，以拘舍婆提王城为首。我有八万四千座宫殿，以法殿为首。我有八万四千座楼阁，以大庄严楼阁为首。我有八万四千张床座，由象牙、心材、黄金制成，铺设羊毛毯、白毯、花毯，上等鹿皮覆盖，有顶篷，两端有红色靠枕。"

"我有八万四千头大象，以优波婆他象王为首，都饰以黄金装饰，竖立金幢，覆以金网。我有八万四千匹马，以云马王为首，都饰以黄金装饰，竖立金幢，覆以金网。我有八万四千辆战车，以最胜车为首，都饰以黄金装饰，竖立金幢，覆以金网。我有八万四千颗宝珠，以宝珠之王为首。我有八万四千位妃嫔，以善现皇后为首。我有八万四千位剎帝利随从，以主藏臣为首。我有八万四千头乳牛，都系以细绳，配以铜钵。我有八万四千件衣服，都是最细的麻布、丝绸、毛织品和棉布。我有八万四千份饭食，朝夕供应。"

"比丘，在那八万四千座城市中，我当时只住在一座城市——拘舍婆提王城。在那八万四千座宫殿中，我只住在一座宫殿——法殿。在那八万四千座楼阁中，我只住在一座楼阁——大庄严楼阁。在那八万四千张床座中，我只用一张——或象牙制，或心材制，或黄金制，或白银制。在那八万四千头大象中，我只骑一头——优波婆他象王。在那八万四千匹马中，我只骑一匹——云马王。在那八万四千辆战车中，我只乘一辆——最胜车。在那八万四千位妃嫔中，只有一位服侍我——或剎帝利女，或出身高贵的侍女。在那八万四千件衣服中，我只穿一套——或细麻布，或细丝绸，或细毛织品，或细棉布。在那八万四千份饭食中，我只食一份——仅取一钵之量的米饭和相应的咖喱。"

"比丘，所有这些行都已经过去，消失，改变了。比丘，诸行如此无常。比丘，诸行如此不稳固。比丘，诸行如此不可依靠。比丘，这足以使人对一切行生厌，足以离欲，足以解脱。"

第四经终。

97 指甲尖经 

舍卫城因缘。一位比丘坐在一旁，对世尊说道："尊者，是否有任何色是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远保持同一状态的？是否有任何受是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远保持同一状态的？是否有任何想...(中略)...是否有任何行是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远保持同一状态的？是否有任何识是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远保持同一状态的？"

"比丘，没有任何色是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远保持同一状态的。没有任何受...想...行...(中略)...识是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远保持同一状态的。"

这时，世尊用指甲尖挑起一点尘土，对那位比丘说道："比丘，即使这么少的色也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的。比丘，如果即使这么少的色是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的，那么为了完全灭苦的梵行生活就不会显现。比丘，正因为即使这么少的色也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的，所以为了完全灭苦的梵行生活才会显现。"

"比丘，即使这么少的受也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的。比丘，如果即使这么少的受是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的，那么为了完全灭苦的梵行生活就不会显现。比丘，正因为即使这么少的受也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的，所以为了完全灭苦的梵行生活才会显现。"

"比丘，即使这么少的想也不是...(中略)...比丘，即使这么少的行也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的。比丘，如果即使这么少的行是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的，那么为了完全灭苦的梵行生活就不会显现。比丘，正因为即使这么少的行也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的，所以为了完全灭苦的梵行生活才会显现。"

"比丘，即使这么少的识也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的。比丘，如果即使这么少的识是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的，那么为了完全灭苦的梵行生活就不会显现。比丘，正因为即使这么少的识也不是常住的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的，所以为了完全灭苦的梵行生活才会显现。"

"比丘，你认为如何，色是常还是无常？""无常，尊者。""受...想...行...识是常还是无常？""无常，尊者。"...(中略)..."是故..."(中略)..."如是见者..."(中略)..."了知不再有后有。"

第五经终。

98 清净经

地点在舍卫城。一位比丘坐在一旁，对世尊说道："尊者，是否有某种色（物质形态），这种色是常恒的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远如一的、将永远如是安住的？尊者，是否有某种受（感受）......（中略）某种想（认知）......某种行（意志活动）......某种识（意识），这种识是常恒的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远如一的、将永远如是安住的？"

世尊回答说："比丘，没有任何色是常恒的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远如一的、将永远如是安住的。比丘，没有任何受......想......行......识是常恒的、稳固的、永恒的、不变易的、永远如一的、将永远如是安住的。"

第六经终。

巴利语原版经文

SN.22.96/(4). Gomayapiṇḍasuttaṃ

　　 96. Sāvatthinidānaṃ Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci rūpaṃ yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci vedanā yā vedanā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci saññā yā saññā …pe… atthi nu kho, bhante, keci saṅkhārā ye saṅkhārā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassanti? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī”ti? “Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kiñci rūpaṃ, yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kāci vedanā… kāci saññā… keci saṅkhārā… kiñci viññāṇaṃ yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī”ti.

　　 Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ gomayapiṇḍaṃ pāṇinā gahetvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca– “ettakopi kho, bhikkhu, attabhāvapaṭilābho natthi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Ettako cepi, bhikkhu, attabhāvapaṭilābho abhavissa nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, nayidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakopi attabhāvapaṭilābho natthi nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya.

　　 “Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhikkhu, rājā ahosiṃ khattiyo muddhāvasitto. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītinagarasahassāni ahesuṃ kusāvatī rājadhānippamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītipāsādasahassāni ahesuṃ dhammapāsādappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītikūṭāgārasahassāni ahesuṃ mahābyūhakūṭāgāra-ppamukhāni . Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītipallaṅkasahassāni ahesuṃ dantamayāni sāramayāni sovaṇṇamayāni goṇakatthatāni paṭikatthatāni paṭalikatthatāni kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇāni sa-uttaracchadāni ubhatolohitakūpadhānāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītināgasahassāni ahesuṃ sovaṇṇālaṅkārāni sovaṇṇaddhajāni hemajālapaṭicchannāni uposathanāgarājappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsīti-assasahassāni ahesuṃ sovaṇṇālaṅkārāni sovaṇṇaddhajāni hemajālapaṭicchannāni valāhaka-assarājappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītirathasahassāni ahesuṃ sovaṇṇālaṅkārāni sovaṇṇaddhajāni hemajālapaṭicchannāni vejayantarathappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu, rañño sato khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa caturāsītimaṇisahassāni ahesuṃ maṇiratanappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu …pe… caturāsīti-itthisahassāni ahesuṃ subhaddādevippamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu …pe… caturāsītikhattiyasahassāni ahesuṃ anuyantāni pariṇāyakaratanappamukhāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu …pe… caturāsītidhenusahassāni ahesuṃ dukūlasandanāni kaṃsūpadhāraṇāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu …pe… caturāsītivatthakoṭisahassāni ahesuṃ khomasukhumāni koseyyasukhumāni kambalasukhumāni kappāsikasukhumāni. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhu …pe… caturāsītithālipākasahassāni ahesuṃ; sāyaṃ pātaṃ bhattābhihāro abhihariyittha.

　　 “Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā nagarasahassānaṃ ekaññeva taṃ nagaraṃ hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena ajjhāvasāmi– kusāvatī rājadhānī. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā pāsādasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so pāsādo hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena ajjhāvasāmi– dhammo pāsādo. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā kūṭāgārasahassānaṃ ekaññeva taṃ kūṭāgāraṃ hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena ajjhāvasāmi– mahābyūhaṃ kūṭāgāraṃ. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā pallaṅkasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so pallaṅko hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena paribhuñjāmi– dantamayo vā sāramayo vā sovaṇṇamayo vā rūpiyamayo vā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā nāgasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so nāgo hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena abhiruhāmi – uposatho nāgarājā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā assasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so asso hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena abhiruhāmi– valāhako assarājā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā rathasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so ratho hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena abhiruhāmi– vejayanto ratho. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā itthisahassānaṃ ekāyeva sā itthī hoti yā maṃ tena samayena paccupaṭṭhāti– khattiyānī vā velāmikā vā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā vatthakoṭisahassānaṃ ekaññeva taṃ vatthayugaṃ hoti yamahaṃ tena samayena paridahāmi– khomasukhumaṃ vā koseyyasukhumaṃ vā kambalasukhumaṃ vā kappāsikasukhumaṃ vā. Tesaṃ kho pana, bhikkhu, caturāsītiyā thālipākasahassānaṃ ekoyeva so thālipāko hoti yato nāḷikodanaparamaṃ bhuñjāmi tadupiyañca sūpeyyaṃ. Iti kho, bhikkhu, sabbe te saṅkhārā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā. Evaṃ aniccā kho, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā. Evaṃ addhuvā kho, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā. Evaṃ anassāsikā kho, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā. Yāvañcidaṃ bhikkhu, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccitun”ti. Catutthaṃ.

SN.22.97/(5). Nakhasikhāsuttaṃ

　　 97. Sāvatthinidānaṃ Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci rūpaṃ yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci vedanā yā vedanā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci saññā …pe… keci saṅkhārā, ye saṅkhārā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassanti? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī”ti? “Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kiñci rūpaṃ, yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kāci vedanā… kāci saññā… keci saṅkhārā …pe… kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī”ti.

　　 Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca– “ettakampi kho, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ natthi niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Ettakaṃ cepi, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ abhavissa niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ, nayidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakampi rūpaṃ natthi niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya”.

　　 “Ettakāpi kho, bhikkhu, vedanā natthi niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Ettakā cepi, bhikkhu, vedanā abhavissa niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā, na yidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakāpi vedanā natthi niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya.

　　 “Ettakāpi kho, bhikkhu, saññā natthi …pe… ettakāpi kho, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā natthi niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassanti. Ettakā cepi, bhikkhu, saṅkhārā abhavissaṃsu niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā, na yidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakāpi saṅkhārā natthi niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya.

　　 “Ettakampi kho, bhikkhu, viññāṇaṃ natthi niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Ettakampi kho, bhikkhu, viññāṇaṃ abhavissa niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ, na yidaṃ brahmacariyavāso paññāyetha sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhu, ettakampi viññāṇaṃ natthi niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ, tasmā brahmacariyavāso paññāyati sammā dukkhakkhayāya.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, bhikkhu, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? “Aniccaṃ, bhante”. “Vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? “Aniccaṃ bhante …”pe… “tasmātiha …pe… evaṃ passaṃ …pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti. Pañcamaṃ.

SN.22.98/(6). Suddhikasuttaṃ

　　 98. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “atthi nu kho, bhante, kiñci rūpaṃ, yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati? Atthi nu kho, bhante, kāci vedanā …pe… kāci saññā… keci saṅkhārā… kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī”ti? “Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kiñci rūpaṃ yaṃ rūpaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassati. Natthi kho, bhikkhu, kāci vedanā… kāci saññā… keci saṅkhārā… kiñci viññāṇaṃ, yaṃ viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhammaṃ sassatisamaṃ tatheva ṭhassatī”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.