32 准提经

一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林精舍迦兰陀园。那时,准提公主乘坐五百辆马车,由五百位少女随从围绕,来到世尊所在处。到达后,向世尊礼敬,然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的准提公主对世尊如此说道:

"尊者,我有一位名叫准陀的王子兄长,他这样说:'无论是男人还是女人,只要皈依佛、皈依法、皈依僧,远离杀生、不与取、邪淫、妄语、饮酒,此人身坏命终后必定往生善趣,不会堕入恶趣。'因此我想请问世尊:'皈依什么样的导师,身坏命终后必定往生善趣,不会堕入恶趣?皈依什么样的法,身坏命终后必定往生善趣,不会堕入恶趣?皈依什么样的僧,身坏命终后必定往生善趣,不会堕入恶趣?具足什么样的戒,身坏命终后必定往生善趣,不会堕入恶趣?'"

"准提,在一切众生中,无论是无足、二足、四足还是多足的,有色或无色的,有想或无想的,非想非非想的,如来是其中最殊胜的,是阿罗汉、正等正觉者。准提,对佛具足信心的人,是对最殊胜者具足信心。对最殊胜者具足信心的人,将获得最殊胜的果报。

准提,在一切有为法中,八正道是最殊胜的。准提,对八正道具足信心的人,是对最殊胜者具足信心。对最殊胜者具足信心的人,将获得最殊胜的果报。

准提,在一切有为法与无为法中,离欲是最殊胜的。也就是:息灭憍慢、断除渴爱、根除执着、断绝轮回、灭尽贪爱、离欲、寂灭、涅槃。准提,对离欲法具足信心的人,是对最殊胜者具足信心。对最殊胜者具足信心的人,将获得最殊胜的果报。

准提,在一切僧团与团体中,如来的弟子僧团是最殊胜的。也就是:四双八辈的圣者,这就是世尊的弟子僧团,值得供养、值得供奉、值得布施、值得合掌,是世间无上的福田。准提,对僧团具足信心的人,是对最殊胜者具足信心。对最殊胜者具足信心的人,将获得最殊胜的果报。

准提,在一切戒中,圣者所喜爱的戒是最殊胜的。也就是:不破、不穿、不杂、不染、自在、智者称赞、不执取、导向定的戒。准提,圆满具足圣者所喜爱戒的人,是最殊胜的持戒者。最殊胜的持戒者,将获得最殊胜的果报。"

[偈颂:]

"对最上者具信心,了知最上法,

对最上佛具信心,无上应供养。

对最上法具信心,寂灭离欲乐,

对最上僧具信心,无上福田地。

布施最上者,增长最上福,

寿命与容色,名声喜乐力。

智者施最上,安住最上法,

生天或为人,得最上欢喜。"

33 优伽经

一时,世尊住在跋提城的阇提林。那时,门达迦的孙子优伽来到世尊所在处。到达后,向世尊礼敬,然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的优伽对世尊如此说道:

"请世尊明天与三位比丘一起接受我的供养。"世尊以沉默表示接受。于是优伽知道世尊已接受邀请,即从座位起身,向世尊礼敬,右绕后离去。

那时,世尊在夜晚过后,在清晨时分,穿好衣服,拿着钵和衣,前往优伽的住处。到达后,坐在准备好的座位上。这时,优伽亲手以美味的硬食软食供养世尊,使其满足。当世尊用完餐,放下钵后,优伽坐在一旁。坐在一旁的优伽对世尊如此说道:"尊者,这些少女将要嫁到别的家庭。请世尊教导她们,指导她们,使她们长久获得利益和快乐。"

于是世尊对那些少女如此说道:"因此,少女们,你们应当这样学习:'父母出于利益、善意、怜悯而将我们嫁给谁,我们就要对他早起晚睡,听从吩咐,行为令人欢喜,说话温和。'你们应当这样学习。

因此,少女们,你们应当这样学习:'对丈夫尊重的人,无论是母亲、父亲还是沙门婆罗门,我们都要恭敬、尊重、尊敬、供养,并以座位和水来款待客人。'你们应当这样学习。

因此,少女们,你们应当这样学习:'对于丈夫家中的工作,如羊毛或棉花的纺织等,我们要熟练、勤勉,具备完成工作的智慧和能力。'你们应当这样学习。

因此,少女们,你们应当这样学习:'对于丈夫家中的仆人、工人、雇工,我们要知道他们做了什么没做什么,知道病人的强弱状况,并公平分配食物。'你们应当这样学习。

因此,少女们,你们应当这样学习:'丈夫带回的财物,无论是钱财、谷物还是金银,我们都要好好保管守护,在这方面我们要成为不赌博、不放荡者、不偷盗者、不沉迷于酒者、不浪费、不损耗者。'你们应当这样学习。具备这五法的女人,身坏命终后必定往生可爱天众的世界。"

[偈颂:]

"丈夫常勤勉,供养一切需,

妻子不轻视,满足众欲者。

不以嫉妒心,激怒善丈夫,

智者恭敬待,丈夫所敬者。

勤勉不懒惰,善待家中人,

随顺夫意行,守护所积财。

如是行为者,随顺夫意愿,

必生可爱天,彼处得欢乐。"

34 师子将军经

一时,世尊住在毗舍离大林重阁讲堂。那时,师子将军来到世尊所在处。到达后,向世尊礼敬,然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的师子将军对世尊如此说道:"世尊能否说明布施的现世果报?"

世尊说:"可以,师子。施主、布施者为众人所喜爱、欢迎。师子,施主、布施者为众人所喜爱、欢迎,这是布施的现世果报。

再者,师子,善人智者亲近施主、布施者。师子,善人智者亲近施主、布施者,这是布施的现世果报。

再者,师子,施主、布施者获得好名声。师子,施主、布施者获得好名声,这是布施的现世果报。

再者,师子,施主、布施者无论进入任何集会 - 刹帝利、婆罗门、居士或沙门的集会 - 都能坦然无惧。师子,施主、布施者能坦然无惧地进入各种集会,这是布施的现世果报。

再者,师子,施主、布施者身坏命终后往生善趣天界。师子,施主、布施者往生善趣天界,这是布施的来世果报。"

听闻此言,师子将军对世尊说:"世尊所说的四种现世果报,我不需要信世尊,因为我自己就知道。我是施主、布施者,为众人所喜爱、欢迎。我是施主、布施者,善人智者亲近我。我是施主、布施者,我有好名声:'师子将军是施主,行善者,护持僧团者。'我是施主、布施者,无论进入任何集会 - 刹帝利、婆罗门、居士或沙门的集会 - 我都能坦然无惧。这四种现世果报我不需要信世尊,因为我自己就知道。但世尊说'施主、布施者身坏命终后往生善趣天界',这一点我不知道,我相信世尊的话。"

"确实如此,师子,确实如此!施主、布施者身坏命终后必定往生善趣天界。"

[偈颂:]

"布施得人爱,众人皆亲近,

名声广流传,威望日增长。

无畏入众中,慷慨无吝啬。

是故智者施,除去悭贪垢,

长久住天界,与诸天同乐。

善业得自在,死后生天上,

光明自照耀,游行于乐园。

五欲皆具足,欢喜常喜乐,

如来语不虚,弟子生天上。"

巴利语原版经文

32/ 2. Cundīsuttaṃ

　　 32. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho cundī rājakumārī pañcahi rathasatehi pañcahi ca kumārisatehi parivutā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho cundī rājakumārī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–

　　 “Amhākaṃ, bhante, bhātā cundo nāma rājakumāro, so evamāha – ‘yadeva so hoti itthī vā puriso vā buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gato, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato, adinnādānā paṭivirato, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato, musāvādā paṭivirato, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato, so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃyeva upapajjati, no duggatin’ti. Sāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ pucchāmi– ‘kathaṃrūpe kho, bhante, satthari pasanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃyeva upapajjati, no duggatiṃ? Kathaṃrūpe dhamme pasanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃyeva upapajjati, no duggatiṃ? Kathaṃrūpe saṅghe pasanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃyeva upapajjati, no duggatiṃ? Kathaṃrūpesu sīlesu paripūrakārī kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃyeva upapajjati, no duggatin’”ti?

　　 “Yāvatā, cundi, sattā apadā vā dvipadā vā catuppadā vā bahuppadā vā rūpino vā arūpino vā saññino vā asaññino vā nevasaññināsaññino vā, tathāgato tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Ye kho, cundi, buddhe pasannā, agge te pasannā. Agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hoti.

　　 “Yāvatā, cundi, dhammā saṅkhatā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Ye, cundi, ariye aṭṭhaṅgike magge pasannā, agge te pasannā, agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hoti.

　　 “Yāvatā cundi, dhammā saṅkhatā vā asaṅkhatā vā, virāgo tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati, yadidaṃ– madanimmadano pipāsavinayo ālayasamugghāto vaṭṭupacchedo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ. Ye kho, cundi virāge dhamme pasannā, agge te pasannā. Agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hoti.

　　 “Yāvatā, cundi, saṅghā vā gaṇā vā, tathāgatasāvakasaṅgho tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati, yadidaṃ– cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa. Ye kho, cundi, saṅghe pasannā, agge te pasannā. Agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hoti.

　　 “Yāvatā, cundi, sīlāni, ariyakantāni sīlāni tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati, yadidaṃ– akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni. Ye kho, cundi, ariyakantesu sīlesu paripūrakārino, agge te paripūrakārino. Agge kho pana paripūrakārīnaṃ aggo vipāko hotī”ti.

　　“Aggato ve pasannānaṃ, aggaṃ dhammaṃ vijānataṃ;

　　Agge buddhe pasannānaṃ, dakkhiṇeyye anuttare.

　　“Agge dhamme pasannānaṃ, virāgūpasame sukhe;

　　Agge saṅghe pasannānaṃ, puññakkhette anuttare.

　　“Aggasmiṃ dānaṃ dadataṃ, aggaṃ puññaṃ pavaḍḍhati;

　　Aggaṃ āyu ca vaṇṇo ca, yaso kitti sukhaṃ balaṃ.

　　“Aggassa dātā medhāvī, aggadhammasamāhito;

　　Devabhūto manusso vā, aggappatto pamodatī”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

33/ 3. Uggahasuttaṃ

　　 33. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhaddiye viharati jātiyā vane. Atha kho uggaho meṇḍakanattā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho uggaho meṇḍakanattā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–

　　 “Adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya attacatuttho bhattan”ti Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho uggaho meṇḍakanattā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.

　　 Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena uggahassa meṇḍakanattuno nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho uggaho meṇḍakanattā bhagavantaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho uggaho meṇḍakanattā bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho uggaho meṇḍakanattā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “imā me, bhante, kumāriyo patikulāni gamissanti. Ovadatu tāsaṃ, bhante, bhagavā; anusāsatu tāsaṃ, bhante, bhagavā, yaṃ tāsaṃ assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā”ti.

　　 Atha kho bhagavā tā kumāriyo etadavoca– “tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘yassa vo mātāpitaro bhattuno dassanti atthakāmā hitesino anukampakā anukampaṃ upādāya, tassa bhavissāma pubbuṭṭhāyiniyo pacchānipātiniyo kiṃkārapaṭissāviniyo manāpacāriniyo piyavādiniyo’ti. Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṃ.

　　 “Tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘ye te bhattu garuno bhavissanti mātāti vā pitāti vā samaṇabrāhmaṇāti vā, te sakkarissāma garuṃ karissāma mānessāma pūjessāma abbhāgate ca āsanodakena paṭipūjessāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṃ.

　　 “Tasmātiha kumāriyo, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā uṇṇāti vā kappāsāti vā, tattha dakkhā bhavissāma analasā tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgatā, alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātun’ti. Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṃ.

　　 “Tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā, tesaṃ katañca katato jānissāma akatañca akatato jānissāma, gilānakānañca balābalaṃ jānissāma, khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyañcassa paccaṃsena saṃvibhajissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṃ.

　　 “Tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘yaṃ bhattā āharissati dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā, taṃ ārakkhena guttiyā sampādessāma, tattha ca bhavissāma adhuttī athenī asoṇḍī avināsikāyo’ti. Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṃ. Imehi kho, kumāriyo, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī”ti.

　　“Yo naṃ bharati sabbadā, niccaṃ ātāpi ussuko;

　　Sabbakāmaharaṃ posaṃ, bhattāraṃ nātimaññati.

　　“Na cāpi sotthi bhattāraṃ, issācārena rosaye.

　　Bhattu ca garuno sabbe, paṭipūjeti paṇḍitā.

　　“Uṭṭhāhikā analasā, saṅgahitaparijjanā.

　　Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.

　　“Yā evaṃ vattatī nārī, bhattuchandavasānugā;

　　Manāpā nāma te devā, yattha sā upapajjatī”ti. Tatiyaṃ.

34/ 4. Sīhasenāpatisuttaṃ

　　 34. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho sīho senāpati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sīho senāpati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “sakkā nu kho, bhante, bhagavā sandiṭṭhikaṃ dānaphalaṃ paññāpetun”ti?

　　 “Sakkā, sīhā”ti bhagavā avoca– “dāyako, sīha, dānapati bahuno janassa piyo hoti manāpo. Yampi, sīha, dāyako dānapati bahuno janassa piyo hoti manāpo, idampi sandiṭṭhikaṃ dānaphalaṃ.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, sīha, dāyakaṃ dānapatiṃ santo sappurisā bhajanti. Yampi, sīha, dāyakaṃ dānapatiṃ santo sappurisā bhajanti, idampi sandiṭṭhikaṃ dānaphalaṃ.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, sīha, dāyakassa dānapatino kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Yampi, sīha, dāyakassa dānapatino kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati, idampi sandiṭṭhikaṃ dānaphalaṃ.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, sīha, dāyako dānapati yaṃ yadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati– yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ– visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto. Yampi, sīha, dāyako dānapati yaṃ yadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati– yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ– visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto, idampi sandiṭṭhikaṃ dānaphalaṃ.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, sīha, dāyako dānapati kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Yampi, sīha, dāyako dānapati kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati, idaṃ samparāyikaṃ dānaphalan”ti.

　　 Evaṃ vutte sīho senāpati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā cattāri sandiṭṭhikāni dānaphalāni akkhātāni, nāhaṃ ettha bhagavato saddhāya gacchāmi; ahaṃ petāni jānāmi. Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati bahuno janassa piyo manāpo. Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati; maṃ santo sappurisā bhajanti. Ahaṃ, bhante, dāyako dānapati; mayhaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘sīho senāpati dāyako kārako saṅghupaṭṭhāko’ti. Ahaṃ, bhante dāyako dānapati yaṃ yadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamāmi– yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ– visārado upasaṅkamāmi amaṅkubhūto. Yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā cattāri sandiṭṭhikāni dānaphalāni akkhātāni, nāhaṃ ettha bhagavato saddhāya gacchāmi; ahaṃ petāni jānāmi. Yañca kho maṃ, bhante, bhagavā evamāha– ‘dāyako, sīha, dānapati kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjatī’ti, etāhaṃ na jānāmi; ettha ca panāhaṃ bhagavato saddhāya gacchāmī”ti. “Evametaṃ, sīha, evametaṃ, sīha! Dāyako dānapati kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjatī”ti.

　　“Dadaṃ piyo hoti bhajanti naṃ bahū,

　　Kittiñca pappoti yaso ca vaḍḍhati.

　　Amaṅkubhūto parisaṃ vigāhati,

　　Visārado hoti naro amaccharī.

　　“Tasmā hi dānāni dadanti paṇḍitā,

　　Vineyya maccheramalaṃ sukhesino.

　　Te dīgharattaṃ tidive patiṭṭhitā,

　　Devānaṃ sahabyagatā ramanti te.

　　“Katāvakāsā katakusalā ito cutā,

　　Sayaṃpabhā anuvicaranti nandanaṃ.

　　Te tattha nandanti ramanti modare,

　　Samappitā kāmaguṇehi pañcahi.

　　“Katvāna vākyaṃ asitassa tādino,

　　Ramanti sagge sugatassa sāvakā”ti. Catutthaṃ.