第5品 自洲品

第43经 自洲经

这是在舍卫城所说的。佛陀说："比丘们，你们应当以自己为洲，以自己为归依，不以他人为归依；以法为洲，以法为归依，不以他人为归依。对于以自己和法为洲、为归依，不以他人为归依的人，应当探究：忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望是从何而生，因何而起？"

"比丘们，忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望是如何生起的呢？在此，不闻法的凡夫，不见圣者，不知圣法，不习圣法，不见善人，不知善法，不习善法。他将色视为我，将有色视为我，将我中有色，将色中有我。当他的色发生变化、改变时，因色的变异而生起忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望。他将受视为我，将有受视为我，将我中有受，将受中有我。当他的受发生变化、改变时，因受的变异而生起忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望。他将想视为我...将行视为我...将识视为我，将有识视为我，将我中有识，将识中有我。当他的识发生变化、改变时，因识的变异而生起忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望。"

"比丘们，当了知色的无常、变异、离贪、灭尽，以及过去和现在的一切色都是无常、苦、变异之法，如此以正慧如实观察者，其忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望便会消除。它们消除则不恐惧，不恐惧则安乐而住，安乐而住的比丘称为'暂时寂灭'。当了知受的无常、变异、离贪、灭尽，以及过去和现在的一切受都是无常、苦、变异之法，如此以正慧如实观察者，其忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望便会消除。它们消除则不恐惧，不恐惧则安乐而住，安乐而住的比丘称为'暂时寂灭'。对想...对行...当了知识的无常、变异、离贪、灭尽，以及过去和现在的一切识都是无常、苦、变异之法，如此以正慧如实观察者，其忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望便会消除。它们消除则不恐惧，不恐惧则安乐而住，安乐而住的比丘称为'暂时寂灭'。"

第44经 道迹经

这是在舍卫城所说的。"比丘们，我要为你们说导向身见生起的道路和导向身见灭尽的道路。且听。比丘们，什么是导向身见生起的道路？在此，不闻法的凡夫，不见圣者，不知圣法，不习圣法，不见善人，不知善法，不习善法。他将色视为我，将有色视为我，将我中有色，将色中有我。将受视为我...将想...将行...将识视为我，将有识视为我，将我中有识，将识中有我。比丘们，这称为'导向身见生起的道路，导向身见生起的道路'。如是，比丘们，这称为'导向苦生起的见解'。这就是其义。"

"比丘们，什么是导向身见灭尽的道路？在此，多闻圣弟子，见圣者，知圣法，善习圣法，见善人，知善法，善习善法。他不将色视为我，不将有色视为我，不将我中有色，不将色中有我。不将受视为我...不将想...不将行...不将识视为我，不将有识视为我，不将我中有识，不将识中有我。比丘们，这称为'导向身见灭尽的道路，导向身见灭尽的道路'。如是，比丘们，这称为'导向苦灭尽的见解'。这就是其义。"

第45经 无常经

这是在舍卫城所说的。"比丘们，色是无常的。凡无常者即是苦，凡苦者即是无我，凡无我者应当如此以正慧如实观察：'这不是我的，这不是我，这不是我的自我'。如此以正慧如实观察者，心离贪而解脱，不再执取烦恼。受是无常的...想是无常的...行是无常的...识是无常的。凡无常者即是苦，凡苦者即是无我，凡无我者应当如此以正慧如实观察：'这不是我的，这不是我，这不是我的自我'。如此以正慧如实观察者，心离贪而解脱，不再执取烦恼。"

"比丘们，若比丘对色界心离贪而解脱，不再执取烦恼，对受界...对想界...对行界...对识界心离贪而解脱，不再执取烦恼。因解脱而安住，因安住而满足，因满足而不恐惧。不恐惧者当下即得般涅槃。他了知：'生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不受后有'。"

第46经 第二无常经

这是在舍卫城所说的。"比丘们，色是无常的。凡无常者即是苦，凡苦者即是无我，凡无我者应当如此以正慧如实观察：'这不是我的，这不是我，这不是我的自我'。受是无常的...想是无常的...行是无常的...识是无常的。凡无常者即是苦，凡苦者即是无我，凡无我者应当如此以正慧如实观察：'这不是我的，这不是我，这不是我的自我'。"

"如此以正慧如实观察者，不再有对过去的见解。无过去见解者，不再有对未来的见解。无未来见解者，不再有强烈的执着。无强烈执着者，对色...对受...对想...对行...对识心离贪而解脱，不再执取烦恼。因解脱而安住，因安住而满足，因满足而不恐惧。不恐惧者当下即得般涅槃。他了知：'生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不受后有'。"

巴利语原版经文

5. Attadīpavaggo

SN.22.43/(1). Attadīpasuttaṃ

　　 43. Sāvatthinidānaṃ “Attadīpā, bhikkhave, viharatha attasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā, dhammadīpā dhammasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā. Attadīpānaṃ, bhikkhave, viharataṃ attasaraṇānaṃ anaññasaraṇānaṃ, dhammadīpānaṃ dhammasaraṇānaṃ anaññasaraṇānaṃ yoni upaparikkhitabbā. Kiṃjātikā sokaparidevadukkha-domanassupāyāsā, kiṃpahotikā”ti?

　　 “Kiṃjātikā ca, bhikkhave, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā, kiṃpahotikā? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto, rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇamati, aññathā ca hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Vedanaṃ attato samanupassati, vedanāvantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā vedanaṃ, vedanāya vā attānaṃ. Tassa sā vedanā vipariṇamati, aññathā ca hoti. Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Saññaṃ attato samanupassati… saṅkhāre attato samanupassati… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇamati, aññathā ca hoti Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

　　 “Rūpassa tveva, bhikkhave, aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ, pubbe ceva rūpaṃ etarahi ca sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammanti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato ye sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā te pahīyanti. Tesaṃ pahānā na paritassati, aparitassaṃ sukhaṃ viharati, sukhavihārī bhikkhu ‘tadaṅganibbuto’ti vuccati. Vedanāya tveva, bhikkhave, aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ, pubbe ceva vedanā etarahi ca sabbā vedanā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammāti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato ye sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā te pahīyanti. Tesaṃ pahānā na paritassati, aparitassaṃ sukhaṃ viharati, sukhavihārī bhikkhu ‘tadaṅganibbuto’ti vuccati. Saññāya… saṅkhārānaṃ tveva, bhikkhave, aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ, pubbe ceva saṅkhārā etarahi ca sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammāti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato ye sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā te pahīyanti. Tesaṃ pahānā na paritassati, aparitassaṃ sukhaṃ viharati, sukhavihārī bhikkhu ‘tadaṅganibbuto’ti vuccati. Viññāṇassa tveva, bhikkhave, aniccataṃ viditvā vipariṇāmaṃ virāgaṃ nirodhaṃ, pubbe ceva viññāṇaṃ etarahi ca sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammanti, evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato ye sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā te pahīyanti. Tesaṃ pahānā na paritassati, aparitassaṃ sukhaṃ viharati, sukhavihārī bhikkhu ‘tadaṅganibbuto’ti vuccatī”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

SN.22.44/(2). Paṭipadāsuttaṃ

　　 44. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. “Sakkāyasamudayagāminiñca vo, bhikkhave, paṭipadaṃ desessāmi, sakkāyanirodhagāminiñca paṭipadaṃ. Taṃ suṇātha. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyasamudayagāminī paṭipadā? Idha, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto, sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto, rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Vedanaṃ attato… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; attani vā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ‘sakkāyasamudayagāminī paṭipadā, sakkāyasamudayagāminī paṭipadā’ti. Iti hidaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati ‘dukkhasamudayagāminī samanupassanā’ti. Ayamevettha attho”.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sakkāyanirodhagāminī paṭipadā? Idha, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto, sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto, na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ na attani vā rūpaṃ, na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Na vedanaṃ attato… na saññaṃ… na saṅkhāre… na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ; na attani vā viññāṇaṃ, na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ‘sakkāyanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, sakkāyanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti. Iti hidaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati ‘dukkhanirodhagāminī samanupassanā’ti. Ayamevettha attho”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

SN.22.45/(3). Aniccasuttaṃ

　　 45. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. “Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato cittaṃ virajjati vimuccati anupādāya āsavehi. Vedanā aniccā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato cittaṃ virajjati vimuccati anupādāya āsavehi. Rūpadhātuyā ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno cittaṃ virattaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti anupādāya āsavehi, vedanādhātuyā …pe… saññādhātuyā… saṅkhāradhātuyā… viññāṇadhātuyā ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno cittaṃ virattaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti anupādāya āsavehi. Vimuttattā ṭhitaṃ. Ṭhitattā santusitaṃ. Santusitattā na paritassati. Aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī”ti. Tatiyaṃ.

SN.22.46/(4). Dutiya-aniccasuttaṃ

　　 46. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. “Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vedanā aniccā… saññā aniccā… saṅkhārā aniccā… viññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ; yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā; yadanattā taṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ”.

　　 “Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato pubbantānudiṭṭhiyo na honti. Pubbantānudiṭṭhīnaṃ asati, aparantānudiṭṭhiyo na honti. Aparantānudiṭṭhīnaṃ asati, thāmaso parāmāso na hoti. Thāmase parāmāse asati rūpasmiṃ… vedanāya saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇasmiṃ cittaṃ virajjati vimuccati anupādāya āsavehi. Vimuttattā ṭhitaṃ. Ṭhitattā santusitaṃ. Santusitattā na paritassati. Aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī”ti. Catutthaṃ.