行道品

161 简说经

"比丘们，这里有四种行道。是哪四种呢？苦迟通行道（修行痛苦，证悟缓慢）、苦速通行道（修行痛苦，证悟迅速）、乐迟通行道（修行愉悦，证悟缓慢）、乐速通行道（修行愉悦，证悟迅速）——比丘们，这就是四种行道。"第一经。

162 详说经

"比丘们，这里有四种行道。是哪四种呢？苦迟通行道、苦速通行道、乐迟通行道、乐速通行道。

比丘们，什么是苦迟通行道？在此，比丘们，某人本性就具有强烈的贪欲，经常体验由贪欲引起的痛苦与忧愁。本性就具有强烈的嗔恨，经常体验由嗔恨引起的痛苦与忧愁。本性就具有强烈的愚痴，经常体验由愚痴引起的痛苦与忧愁。他的这五根较弱——信根、精进根、念根、定根、慧根。由于这五根软弱，他缓慢地达到漏尽。比丘们，这就是所谓的苦迟通行道。

比丘们，什么是苦速通行道？在此，比丘们，某人本性就具有强烈的贪欲，经常体验由贪欲引起的痛苦与忧愁。本性就具有强烈的嗔恨，经常体验由嗔恨引起的痛苦与忧愁。本性就具有强烈的愚痴，经常体验由愚痴引起的痛苦与忧愁。但他的这五根特别强盛——信根、精进根、念根、定根、慧根。由于这五根强盛，他能快速达到漏尽。比丘们，这就是所谓的苦速通行道。

比丘们，什么是乐迟通行道？在此，比丘们，某人本性不具强烈的贪欲，不经常体验由贪欲引起的痛苦与忧愁。本性不具强烈的嗔恨，不经常体验由嗔恨引起的痛苦与忧愁。本性不具强烈的愚痴，不经常体验由愚痴引起的痛苦与忧愁。但他的这五根较弱——信根乃至慧根。由于这五根软弱，他缓慢地达到漏尽。比丘们，这就是所谓的乐迟通行道。

比丘们，什么是乐速通行道？在此，比丘们，某人本性不具强烈的贪欲，不经常体验由贪欲引起的痛苦与忧愁。本性不具强烈的嗔恨，不经常体验由嗔恨引起的痛苦与忧愁。本性不具强烈的愚痴，不经常体验由愚痴引起的痛苦与忧愁。而且他的这五根特别强盛——信根、精进根、念根、定根、慧根。由于这五根强盛，他能快速达到漏尽。比丘们，这就是所谓的乐速通行道。比丘们，这就是四种行道。"第二经。

163 不净经

"比丘们，这里有四种行道。是哪四种呢？苦迟通行道、苦速通行道、乐迟通行道、乐速通行道。

比丘们，什么是苦迟通行道？在此，比丘们，比丘安住于观身不净，对食物生起厌恶想，对一切世间不生欢喜想，观察一切行无常；他内心确立死亡念。他依止这五种有学力而住——信力、惭力、愧力、精进力、慧力。他的这五根较弱——信根、精进根、念根、定根、慧根。由于这五根软弱，他缓慢地达到漏尽。比丘们，这就是所谓的苦迟通行道。

比丘们，什么是苦速通行道？在此，比丘们，比丘安住于观身不净，对食物生起厌恶想，对一切世间不生欢喜想，观察一切行无常；他内心确立死亡念。他依止这五种有学力而住——信力乃至慧力。他的这五根特别强盛——信根乃至慧根。由于这五根强盛，他能快速达到漏尽。比丘们，这就是所谓的苦速通行道。

比丘们，什么是乐迟通行道？在此，比丘们，比丘远离欲望、远离不善法，有寻有伺，具足由离生起的喜乐，成就并安住于初禅；寻伺寂灭，内心清净，心一境性，无寻无伺，具足由定生起的喜乐，成就并安住于第二禅；离喜住舍，正念正知，以身受乐，正如圣者所说的'舍念乐住'，成就并安住于第三禅；断乐断苦，先前的喜忧已灭，不苦不乐，具足舍念清净，成就并安住于第四禅。他依止这五种有学力而住——信力乃至慧力。他的这五根较弱——信根乃至慧根。由于这五根软弱，他缓慢地达到漏尽。比丘们，这就是所谓的乐迟通行道。

比丘们，什么是乐速通行道？在此，比丘们，比丘远离欲望、远离不善法，有寻有伺，具足由离生起的喜乐，成就并安住于初禅...乃至...第二禅...乃至...第三禅...乃至...成就并安住于第四禅。他依止这五种有学力而住——信力、惭力、愧力、精进力、慧力。他的这五根特别强盛——信根、精进根、念根、定根、慧根。由于这五根强盛，他能快速达到漏尽。比丘们，这就是所谓的乐速通行道。比丘们，这就是四种行道。"第三经。

巴利语原版经文

(17) 2. Paṭipadāvaggo

161/ 1. Saṃkhittasuttaṃ

　　 161. “Catasso imā, bhikkhave, paṭipadā. Katamā catasso? Dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā– imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso paṭipadā”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

162/ 2. Vitthārasuttaṃ

　　 162. “Catasso imā, bhikkhave, paṭipadā. Katamā catasso? Dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco pakatiyāpi tibbarāgajātiko hoti, abhikkhaṇaṃ rāgajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pakatiyāpi tibbadosajātiko hoti, abhikkhaṇaṃ dosajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pakatiyāpi tibbamohajātiko hoti, abhikkhaṇaṃ mohajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Tassimāni pañcindriyāni mudūni pātubhavanti– saddhindriyaṃ, vīriyindriyaṃ, satindriyaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ, paññindriyaṃ. So imesaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ muduttā dandhaṃ ānantariyaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco pakatiyāpi tibbarāgajātiko hoti, abhikkhaṇaṃ rāgajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pakatiyāpi tibbadosajātiko hoti, abhikkhaṇaṃ dosajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pakatiyāpi tibbamohajātiko hoti abhikkhaṇaṃ mohajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Tassimāni pañcindriyāni adhimattāni pātubhavanti– saddhindriyaṃ, vīriyindriyaṃ, satindriyaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ, paññindriyaṃ. So imesaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ adhimattattā khippaṃ ānantariyaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco pakatiyāpi na tibbarāgajātiko hoti, nābhikkhaṇaṃ rāgajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pakatiyāpi na tibbadosajātiko hoti, nābhikkhaṇaṃ dosajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pakatiyāpi na tibbamohajātiko hoti, nābhikkhaṇaṃ mohajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Tassimāni pañcindriyāni mudūni pātubhavanti– saddhindriyaṃ …pe… paññindriyaṃ. So imesaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ muduttā dandhaṃ ānantariyaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco pakatiyāpi na tibbarāgajātiko hoti, nābhikkhaṇaṃ rāgajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pakatiyāpi na tibbadosajātiko hoti, nābhikkhaṇaṃ dosajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Pakatiyāpi na tibbamohajātiko hoti, nābhikkhaṇaṃ mohajaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Tassimāni pañcindriyāni adhimattāni pātubhavanti– saddhindriyaṃ, vīriyindriyaṃ, satindriyaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ, paññindriyaṃ So imesaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ adhimattattā khippaṃ ānantariyaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā. Imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso paṭipadā”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

163/ 3. Asubhasuttaṃ

　　 163. “Catasso imā, bhikkhave, paṭipadā. Katamā catasso? Dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asubhānupassī kāye viharati, āhāre paṭikūlasaññī, sabbaloke anabhiratisaññī, sabbasaṅkhāresu aniccānupassī; maraṇasaññā kho panassa ajjhattaṃ sūpaṭṭhitā hoti. So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati– saddhābalaṃ, hiribalaṃ, ottappabalaṃ, vīriyabalaṃ paññābalaṃ. Tassimāni pañcindriyāni mudūni pātubhavanti– saddhindriyaṃ, vīriyindriyaṃ, satindriyaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ, paññindriyaṃ. So imesaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ muduttā dandhaṃ ānantariyaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu asubhānupassī kāye viharati, āhāre paṭikūlasaññī, sabbaloke anabhiratisaññī, sabbasaṅkhāresu aniccānupassī; maraṇasaññā kho panassa ajjhattaṃ sūpaṭṭhitā hoti. So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati– saddhābalaṃ …pe… paññābalaṃ. Tassimāni pañcindriyāni adhimattāni pātubhavanti– saddhindriyaṃ …pe… paññindriyaṃ. So imesaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ adhimattattā khippaṃ ānantariyaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā? Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti– ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati– saddhābalaṃ …pe… paññābalaṃ. Tassimāni pañcindriyāni mudūni pātubhavanti– saddhindriyaṃ …pe… paññindriyaṃ. So imesaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ muduttā dandhaṃ ānantariyaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati …pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ …pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati– saddhābalaṃ, hiribalaṃ, ottappabalaṃ, vīriyabalaṃ, paññābalaṃ. Tassimāni pañcindriyāni adhimattāni pātubhavanti– saddhindriyaṃ, vīriyindriyaṃ, satindriyaṃ, samādhindriyaṃ, paññindriyaṃ. So imesaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ adhimattattā khippaṃ ānantariyaṃ pāpuṇāti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā. Imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso paṭipadā”ti. Tatiyaṃ.