增支部4集105经到108经

105 芒果经

"比丘们，有四种芒果。是哪四种呢？生果似熟、熟果似生、生果似生、熟果似熟——比丘们，这就是四种芒果。同样地，比丘们，世间也有四种如芒果般的人。是哪四种呢？生而似熟者、熟而似生者、生而似生者、熟而似熟者。

比丘们，什么是生而似熟的人呢？在此，某人举止优雅，前进后退、观望顾盼、屈伸俯仰、披着袈裟持钵，都很庄重。但他对'这是苦'的真实性质不能如实了知...乃至...'这是导向苦灭的道路'的真实性质不能如实了知。比丘们，这就是生而似熟的人。就像那生而似熟的芒果一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是熟而似生的人呢？在此，某人举止不够优雅，前进后退、观望顾盼、屈伸俯仰、披着袈裟持钵，都不够庄重。但他能如实了知'这是苦'...乃至...能如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。比丘们，这就是熟而似生的人。就像那熟而似生的芒果一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是生而似生的人呢？在此，某人举止不够优雅，前进后退、观望顾盼、屈伸俯仰、披着袈裟持钵，都不够庄重。而且他对'这是苦'的真实性质不能如实了知...乃至...'这是导向苦灭的道路'的真实性质不能如实了知。比丘们，这就是生而似生的人。就像那生而似生的芒果一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是熟而似熟的人呢？在此，某人举止优雅，前进后退、观望顾盼、屈伸俯仰、披着袈裟持钵，都很庄重。而且他能如实了知'这是苦'...乃至...能如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。比丘们，这就是熟而似熟的人。就像那熟而似熟的芒果一样，我说这种人也是如此。比丘们，这就是世间存在的四种如芒果般的人。"

106 第二芒果经

(这是第六经。注释书中说明这一经的含义是显而易见的,但在巴利圣典的各版本中都找不到具体经文内容。)

这一经被编号为第六经,但实际上在巴利三藏的经典中并没有保存下来具体内容。注释书只是简单提到这一经的含义是显而易见的,可能是因为其内容与前一经(第一芒果经)相似或有关。

107 老鼠经

"比丘们，有四种老鼠。是哪四种呢？会挖洞但不居住的、会居住但不挖洞的、既不挖洞也不居住的、既会挖洞又会居住的——这就是四种老鼠。同样地，比丘们，世间也有四种如老鼠般的人。是哪四种呢？会挖洞但不居住的、会居住但不挖洞的、既不挖洞也不居住的、既会挖洞又会居住的。

比丘们，什么是会挖洞但不居住的人呢？在此，某人学习佛法——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。但他对'这是苦'的真实性质不能如实了知...乃至...'这是导向苦灭的道路'的真实性质不能如实了知。比丘们，这就是会挖洞但不居住的人。就像那会挖洞但不居住的老鼠一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是会居住但不挖洞的人呢？在此，某人不学习佛法——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。但他能如实了知'这是苦'...乃至...能如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。比丘们，这就是会居住但不挖洞的人。就像那会居住但不挖洞的老鼠一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是既不挖洞也不居住的人呢？在此，某人既不学习佛法——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。而且他对'这是苦'的真实性质不能如实了知...乃至...'这是导向苦灭的道路'的真实性质不能如实了知。比丘们，这就是既不挖洞也不居住的人。就像那既不挖洞也不居住的老鼠一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是既会挖洞又会居住的人呢？在此，某人学习佛法——经、应颂、记说、偈颂、自说、如是语、本生、未曾有法、方广。而且他能如实了知'这是苦'...乃至...能如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。比丘们，这就是既会挖洞又会居住的人。就像那既会挖洞又会居住的老鼠一样，我说这种人也是如此。比丘们，这就是世间存在的四种如老鼠般的人。"

108 公牛经

"比丘们，有四种公牛。是哪四种呢？对自群凶暴而对他群不凶暴的、对他群凶暴而对自群不凶暴的、对自群和他群都凶暴的、对自群和他群都不凶暴的——这就是四种公牛。同样地，比丘们，世间也有四种如公牛般的人。是哪四种呢？对自群凶暴而对他群不凶暴的、对他群凶暴而对自群不凶暴的、对自群和他群都凶暴的、对自群和他群都不凶暴的。

比丘们，什么是对自群凶暴而对他群不凶暴的人呢？在此，某人只恐吓自己的群众，而不恐吓他人的群众。比丘们，这就是对自群凶暴而对他群不凶暴的人。就像那对自群凶暴而对他群不凶暴的公牛一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是对他群凶暴而对自群不凶暴的人呢？在此，某人只恐吓他人的群众，而不恐吓自己的群众。比丘们，这就是对他群凶暴而对自群不凶暴的人。就像那对他群凶暴而对自群不凶暴的公牛一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是对自群和他群都凶暴的人呢？在此，某人既恐吓自己的群众，也恐吓他人的群众。比丘们，这就是对自群和他群都凶暴的人。就像那对自群和他群都凶暴的公牛一样，我说这种人也是如此。

比丘们，什么是对自群和他群都不凶暴的人呢？在此，某人既不恐吓自己的群众，也不恐吓他人的群众。比丘们，这就是对自群和他群都不凶暴的人。就像那对自群和他群都不凶暴的公牛一样，我说这种人也是如此。比丘们，这就是世间存在的四种如公牛般的人。"

巴利语原版经文

AN.4.105/ 5. Ambasuttaṃ

　　 105. “Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ambāni. Katamāni cattāri? Āmaṃ pakkavaṇṇi, pakkaṃ āmavaṇṇi, āmaṃ āmavaṇṇi, pakkaṃ pakkavaṇṇi– imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ambāni. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cattāro ambūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Āmo pakkavaṇṇī, pakko āmavaṇṇī, āmo āmavaṇṇī, pakko pakkavaṇṇī.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo āmo hoti pakkavaṇṇī? Idha bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo āmo hoti pakkavaṇṇī. Seyyathāpi taṃ, bhikkhave, ambaṃ āmaṃ pakkavaṇṇi; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo pakko hoti āmavaṇṇī? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa na pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo pakko hoti āmavaṇṇī. Seyyathāpi taṃ, bhikkhave, ambaṃ pakkaṃ āmavaṇṇi; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo āmo hoti āmavaṇṇī? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa na pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo āmo hoti āmavaṇṇī Seyyathāpi taṃ, bhikkhave, ambaṃ āmaṃ āmavaṇṇi; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo pakko hoti pakkavaṇṇī? Idha, bhikkhave, ekaccassa puggalassa pāsādikaṃ hoti abhikkantaṃ paṭikkantaṃ ālokitaṃ vilokitaṃ samiñjitaṃ pasāritaṃ saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo pakko hoti pakkavaṇṇī. Seyyathāpi taṃ, bhikkhave, ambaṃ pakkaṃ pakkavaṇṇi; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro ambūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. Pañcamaṃ.

AN.4.106/ 6. Dutiya-ambasuttaṃ

(Chaṭṭhaṃ uttānatthamevāti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ dassitaṃ, pāḷipotthakesu pana katthacipi na dissati.)

AN.4.107/ 7. Mūsikasuttaṃ

　　 107. “Catasso imā, bhikkhave, mūsikā. Katamā catasso? Gādhaṃ kattā no vasitā, vasitā no gādhaṃ kattā, neva gādhaṃ kattā no vasitā, gādhaṃ kattā ca vasitā ca– imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso mūsikā. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cattāro mūsikūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Gādhaṃ kattā no vasitā, vasitā no gādhaṃ kattā, neva gādhaṃ kattā no vasitā, gādhaṃ kattā ca vasitā ca.

　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, puggalo gādhaṃ kattā hoti no vasitā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇāti– suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo gādhaṃ kattā hoti, no vasitā. Seyyathāpi sā bhikkhave, mūsikā gādhaṃ kattā, no vasitā; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo vasitā hoti, no gādhaṃ kattā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dhammaṃ na pariyāpuṇāti– suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthaṃ udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo vasitā hoti, no gādhaṃ kattā. Seyyathāpi sā, bhikkhave, mūsikā vasitā hoti, no gādhaṃ kattā; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ, puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo neva gādhaṃ kattā hoti no vasitā? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dhammaṃ na pariyāpuṇāti– suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave puggalo neva gādhaṃ kattā hoti, no vasitā. Seyyathāpi sā, bhikkhave, mūsikā neva gādhaṃ kattā hoti, no vasitā; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo gādhaṃ kattā ca hoti vasitā ca? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇāti– suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthaṃ, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo gādhaṃ kattā ca hoti vasitā ca. Seyyathāpi sā, bhikkhave, mūsikā gādhaṃ kattā ca hoti vasitā ca; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro mūsikūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. Sattamaṃ.

AN.4.108/ 8. Balībaddasuttaṃ

　　 108. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, balībaddā. Katame cattāro? Sagavacaṇḍo no paragavacaṇḍo, paragavacaṇḍo no sagavacaṇḍo, sagavacaṇḍo ca paragavacaṇḍo ca, neva sagavacaṇḍo no paragavacaṇḍo– ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro balībaddā. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cattāro balībaddūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Sagavacaṇḍo no paragavacaṇḍo, paragavacaṇḍo no sagavacaṇḍo, sagavacaṇḍo ca paragavacaṇḍo ca, neva sagavacaṇḍo no paragavacaṇḍo.

　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, puggalo sagavacaṇḍo hoti, no paragavacaṇḍo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo sakaparisaṃ ubbejetā hoti, no paraparisaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo sagavacaṇḍo hoti, no paragavacaṇḍo. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, balībaddo sagavacaṇḍo, no paragavacaṇḍo; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, puggalo paragavacaṇḍo hoti, no sagavacaṇḍo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo paraparisaṃ ubbejetā hoti, no sakaparisaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo paragavacaṇḍo hoti, no sagavacaṇḍo. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, balībaddo paragavacaṇḍo, no sagavacaṇḍo; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo sagavacaṇḍo ca hoti paragavacaṇḍo ca? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo sakaparisaṃ ubbejetā hoti paraparisañca. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo sagavacaṇḍo ca hoti paragavacaṇḍo ca. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, balībaddo sagavacaṇḍo ca paragavacaṇḍo ca; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo neva sagavacaṇḍo hoti no paragavacaṇḍo? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo neva sakaparisaṃ ubbejetā hoti, no paraparisañca. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo neva sagavacaṇḍo hoti, no paragavacaṇḍo. Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, balībaddo neva sagavacaṇḍo, no paragavacaṇḍo; tathūpamāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imaṃ puggalaṃ vadāmi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro balībaddūpamā puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.