利得与供养相应

第一品

1. 可怕经

如是我闻：一时，世尊住舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那里，世尊召唤比丘们说："诸比丘。"比丘们回答说："尊者。"世尊如是说：

"诸比丘，利养、恭敬、名闻是可怕的，是辛苦的，是粗糙的，是证得无上解脱的障碍。因此，诸比丘，你们应当如是学：'我们将舍弃已生起的利养、恭敬、名闻，不让已生起的利养、恭敬、名闻占据我们的心。'诸比丘，你们应当如是学。"

2. 鱼钩经

【世尊】住舍卫城......"诸比丘，利养、恭敬、名闻是可怕的，是辛苦的，是粗糙的，是证得无上解脱的障碍。譬如，诸比丘，渔夫将带饵的鱼钩投入深水池中。一条贪食的鱼便吞下了它。如是，诸比丘，这条鱼吞下鱼钩后，便遭遇不幸，遭遇灾难，任渔夫处置。"

"诸比丘，'渔夫'是魔罗邪恶者的代称。'鱼钩'是利养、恭敬、名闻的代称。任何比丘贪求已生起的利养、恭敬、名闻，此比丘便称为吞钩之人，遭遇不幸，遭遇灾难，任魔罗处置。如是可怕的利养、恭敬、名闻......你们应当如是学。"

3. 龟经

【世尊】住舍卫城......【略】"诸比丘，从前在一个水池中，住着一个大龟家族。有一只龟对另一只龟说：'亲爱的龟啊，请勿去那个地方。'但那只龟还是去了那个地方。猎人用标枪刺中了它。那只龟回到原来的龟那里。那只龟远远地看见它回来，便问道：'亲爱的龟啊，你没有去那个地方吧？''亲爱的龟啊，我去了那个地方。''亲爱的龟啊，你没有受伤吧？''我没有受伤，但有一根线一直跟在我背后。''确实啊，亲爱的龟啊，你已经受伤了。因为这根线，你的父辈们都遭遇不幸和灾难。现在你走吧，你不再是我们中的一员了。'"

"诸比丘，'猎人'是魔罗的代称。'标枪'是利养、恭敬、名闻的代称。'线'是贪欲的代称。任何比丘贪求已生起的利养、恭敬、名闻，此比丘便称为被标枪所伤，遭遇不幸，遭遇灾难，任魔罗处置......"

4. 长毛羊经

【略】......譬如长毛羊进入荆棘丛，它会在这里那里被缠住，在这里那里被抓住，在这里那里被绊住，在这里那里遭遇不幸灾难。同样地，某些比丘被利养、恭敬、名闻所征服，心被占据，清晨着衣持钵入村或镇托钵，在这里那里被缠住，在这里那里被抓住，在这里那里被绊住，在这里那里遭遇不幸灾难......

5. 粪甲虫经

【略】......譬如一只吃粪的甲虫，满身是粪，肚里装满粪，面前还有一大堆粪。它因此轻视其他甲虫说：'我是吃粪的，满身是粪，肚里装满粪，面前还有这么大一堆粪。'同样地，某些比丘被利养、恭敬、名闻所征服......他在僧团中夸耀：'我已经吃饱了，明天还受到邀请，我的钵装得满满的。我得到衣服、饮食、卧具、医药等供养，而其他比丘们福德少，能力小，得不到这些供养。'他因利养、恭敬、名闻而轻视其他持戒比丘......

6. 雷电经

【略】......"诸比丘，宁可让雷电击中未证悟的学人，也不要让利养、恭敬、名闻降临到他们身上。"

"诸比丘，'雷电'是利养、恭敬、名闻的代称。如是可怕的利养、恭敬、名闻......你们应当如是学。"

这些经文的主旨是警示比丘们要警惕利养、恭敬和名闻的危害，它们会成为修行的障碍。经文通过各种生动的比喻来说明这个道理。

巴利语原版经文

17.(6). Lābhasakkārasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Paṭhamavaggo

SN.17.1/(1). Dāruṇasuttaṃ

　　 157. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 “Dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ pajahissāma, na ca no uppanno lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

SN.17.2/(2). Baḷisasuttaṃ

　　 158. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, bāḷisiko āmisagataṃ baḷisaṃ gambhīre udakarahade pakkhipeyya. Tamenaṃ aññataro āmisacakkhu maccho gileyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, maccho gilabaḷiso bāḷisikassa anayaṃ āpanno byasanaṃ āpanno yathākāmakaraṇīyo bāḷisikassa”.

　　 “Bāḷisikoti kho, bhikkhave, mārassetaṃ pāpimato adhivacanaṃ. Baḷisanti kho, bhikkhave lābhasakkārasilokassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Yo hi koci bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ assādeti nikāmeti, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gilabaḷiso mārassa anayaṃ āpanno byasanaṃ āpanno yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ pajahissāma, na ca no uppanno lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

SN.17.3/(3). Kummasuttaṃ

　　 159. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “dāruṇo bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… adhigamāya. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, aññatarasmiṃ udakarahade mahākummakulaṃ ciranivāsi ahosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro kummo aññataraṃ kummaṃ etadavoca– ‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta kumma, etaṃ padesaṃ agamāsī’ti. Agamāsi kho, bhikkhave, so kummo taṃ padesaṃ. Tamenaṃ luddo papatāya vijjhi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, so kummo yena so kummo tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, so kummo taṃ kummaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna taṃ kummaṃ etadavoca– ‘kacci tvaṃ, tāta kumma, na taṃ padesaṃ agamāsī’ti? ‘Agamāsiṃ khvāhaṃ, tāta kumma, taṃ padesan’ti. ‘Kacci panāsi, tāta kumma, akkhato anupahato’ti? ‘Akkhato khomhi, tāta kumma, anupahato, atthi ca me idaṃ suttakaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhan’ti. ‘Tagghasi, tāta kumma, khato, taggha upahato. Etena hi te, tāta kumma, suttakena pitaro ca pitāmahā ca anayaṃ āpannā byasanaṃ āpannā. Gaccha dāni tvaṃ, tāta kumma, na dāni tvaṃ amhākan’”ti.

　　 “Luddoti kho, bhikkhave, mārassetaṃ pāpimato adhivacanaṃ. Papatāti kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasilokassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Suttakanti kho, bhikkhave, nandirāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ assādeti nikāmeti– ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu giddho papatāya anayaṃ āpanno byasanaṃ āpanno yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Tatiyaṃ.

SN.17.4/(4). Dīghalomikasuttaṃ

　　 160. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dīghalomikā eḷakā kaṇṭakagahanaṃ paviseyya. Sā tatra tatra sajjeyya, tatra tatra gayheyya, tatra tatra bajjheyya, tatra tatra anayabyasanaṃ āpajjeyya. ‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati. So tatra tatra sajjati, tatra tatra gayhati, tatra tatra bajjhati, tatra tatra anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban’”ti. Catutthaṃ.

SN.17.5/(5). Mīḷhakasuttaṃ

　　 161. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mīḷhakā gūthādī gūthapūrā puṇṇā gūthassa. Purato cassa mahāgūthapuñjo. Sā tena aññā mīḷhakā atimaññeyya– ‘ahamhi gūthādī gūthapūrā puṇṇā gūthassa, purato ca myāyaṃ mahāgūthapuñjo’ti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati. So tattha bhuttāvī ca hoti yāvadattho, nimantito ca svātanāya, piṇḍapāto cassa pūro. So ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhugaṇassa majjhe vikatthati– ‘bhuttāvī camhi yāvadattho, nimantito camhi svātanāya, piṇḍapāto ca myāyaṃ pūro, lābhī camhi cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsana-gilānappaccaya-bhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ, ime panaññe bhikkhū appapuññā appesakkhā na lābhino cīvara-piṇḍapātasenāsana-gilānappaccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārānan’ti. So tena lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto aññe pesale bhikkhū atimaññati. Tañhi tassa, bhikkhave moghapurisassa hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… evañhi vo bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Pañcamaṃ.

SN.17.6/(6). Asanisuttaṃ

　　 162. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… adhigamāya. Kaṃ, bhikkhave, asanivicakkaṃ āgacchatu, sekhaṃ appattamānasaṃ lābhasakkārasiloko anupāpuṇātu”.

　　 “Asanivicakkanti kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasilokassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.