相应部8相应7经到9经(婆耆舍相应/有偈篇/祇夜)

7. 自恣经

有一次,世尊与大比丘僧团一起,约有五百位比丘,全都是阿罗汉,住在舍卫城东园鹿子母讲堂。那时正值十五日布萨日自恣之时,世尊坐在露天处,被比丘僧团所围绕。这时,世尊环顾沉默的比丘僧团,对诸比丘说:"来吧,诸比丘,现在我向你们自恣。你们对我的身口行为有什么要指责的吗?"

听到这话,尊者舍利弗从座位起身,偏袒右肩,向世尊合掌,对世尊说:"尊者,我们对世尊的身口行为没有任何指责。世尊是未生之道的创造者,未现之道的开显者,未说之道的宣说者,知道正道、明了正道、精通正道。如今弟子们追随正道而住,后来才随学;尊者,我也向世尊自恣。世尊对我的身口行为有什么要指责的吗?"

"舍利弗,我对你的身口行为没有任何指责。舍利弗,你是智者,你有大智慧,你有广博的智慧,你有愉悦的智慧,你有敏捷的智慧,你有锐利的智慧,你有透彻的智慧。舍利弗,就像转轮圣王的长子正确地转动父亲所转动的轮;同样地,舍利弗,你正确地转动我所转动的无上法轮。"

"既然世尊对我的身口行为没有任何指责,那么世尊对这五百位比丘的身口行为也没有什么指责吗?"

"舍利弗,我对这五百位比丘的身口行为也没有任何指责。在这五百位比丘中,六十位比丘具有三明,六十位比丘具有六神通,六十位比丘是俱解脱者,其余的都是慧解脱者。"

这时,尊者婆耆舍从座位起身,偏袒右肩,向世尊合掌,对世尊说:"世尊,我有所感悟,善逝,我有所感悟。"世尊说:"婆耆舍,你就说出来吧。"于是尊者婆耆舍当面以适当的偈颂赞叹世尊:

"今日十五日清净日,五百比丘齐聚会。

  断除结缚无烦恼,不再轮回圣智者。

  如转轮王巡四方,群臣簇拥海为界。

  胜利导师无上尊,弟子环绕来亲近。

  三明弟子破死魔,皆是世尊真佛子。

  无有糠秕悉清净,敬礼日种断爱箭。"

8. 千余经

有一次,世尊与大比丘僧团一起,约有一千二百五十位比丘,住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,世尊正在为诸比丘开示与涅槃有关的法义,鼓励、激励、使之欢喜。那些比丘专心致志、全神贯注、集中全部心思、竖起耳朵听法。这时,尊者婆耆舍心想:"世尊正在为诸比丘开示与涅槃有关的法义,鼓励、激励、使之欢喜。那些比丘专心致志、全神贯注、集中全部心思、竖起耳朵听法。我何不当面以适当的偈颂赞叹世尊呢?"

于是尊者婆耆舍从座位起身,偏袒右肩,向世尊合掌,对世尊说:"世尊,我有所感悟,善逝,我有所感悟。"世尊说:"婆耆舍,你就说出来吧。"于是尊者婆耆舍当面以适当的偈颂赞叹世尊:

"千余比丘众,亲近善逝尊,

  说无垢法义,涅槃无所畏。

  闻正等觉教,清净妙法音,

  佛陀真光彩,比丘众簇拥。

  世尊号龙象,七圣中至尊,

  如大云降雨,滋润诸弟子。

  我从午休起,渴慕见导师,

  弟子婆耆舍,顶礼大雄足。"

世尊问道:"婆耆舍,这些偈颂是你事先想好的,还是当场浮现的?"婆耆舍回答说:"世尊,这些偈颂不是我事先想好的,而是当场浮现的。"世尊说:"那么,婆耆舍,让更多未经思考的偈颂浮现出来吧。"婆耆舍回答说:"好的,世尊。"于是尊者婆耆舍遵从世尊的指示,以更多未经思考的偈颂赞叹世尊:

"克服魔罗歧途,摧破荒芜障碍行,

  请看解脱系缚者,分别开示真理义。

  为度瀑流说多道,宣说甘露不死法,

  法眼清净无动摇,安住其中不退转。

  照明破暗彻洞察,超越一切住处见,

  知已证已说最上,十力具足开示众。

  如是善说妙法中,知法者岂有放逸,

  是故常当勤精进,礼敬修学佛陀教。"

9. 憍陈如经

有一次,世尊住在王舍城竹林栗鼠觅食地。这时,尊者阿若憍陈如时隔很久来到世尊处。来到后,以头面礼世尊足,以口亲吻、以手抚摸世尊的双足,并说出自己的名字:"世尊,我是憍陈如,善逝,我是憍陈如。"这时,尊者婆耆舍心想:"这位尊者阿若憍陈如时隔很久来到世尊处。来到后,以头面礼世尊足,以口亲吻、以手抚摸世尊的双足,并说出自己的名字:'世尊,我是憍陈如,善逝,我是憍陈如。'我何不当面以适当的偈颂赞叹尊者阿若憍陈如呢?"

于是尊者婆耆舍从座位起身,偏袒右肩,向世尊合掌,对世尊说:"世尊,我有所感悟,善逝,我有所感悟。"世尊说:"婆耆舍,你就说出来吧。"于是尊者婆耆舍当面以适当的偈颂赞叹尊者阿若憍陈如:

"佛后觉悟上座憍陈如,精进勇猛不懈怠,

  常得安乐住,喜爱独处修。

  凡是随佛教,弟子应成就,

  他皆已达到,不放逸修学。

  大神通三明,善巧他心通,

  憍陈如佛子,礼敬导师足。"

巴利语原版经文

SN.8.7. Pavāraṇāsuttaṃ

　　 215. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sabbeheva arahantehi. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe pannarase pavāraṇāya bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto abbhokāse nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā bhikkhū āmantesi– “handa dāni, bhikkhave, pavāremi vo. Na ca me kiñci garahatha kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā”ti.

　　 Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “na kho mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato kiñci garahāma kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā. Bhagavā hi bhante, anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū maggavidū maggakovido. Maggānugā ca, bhante, etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchā samannāgatā; ahañca kho, bhante, bhagavantaṃ pavāremi. Na ca me bhagavā kiñci garahati kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā”ti.

　　 “Na khvāhaṃ te, sāriputta, kiñci garahāmi kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā. Paṇḍito tvaṃ, sāriputta, mahāpañño tvaṃ, sāriputta puthupañño tvaṃ, sāriputta, hāsapañño tvaṃ, sāriputta, javanapañño tvaṃ, sāriputta, tikkhapañño tvaṃ, sāriputta, nibbedhikapañño tvaṃ, sāriputta. Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, rañño cakkavattissa jeṭṭhaputto pitarā pavattitaṃ cakkaṃ sammadeva anuppavatteti; evameva kho tvaṃ, sāriputta, mayā anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavattesī”ti.

　　 “No ce kira me, bhante, bhagavā kiñci garahati kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā. Imesaṃ pana, bhante, bhagavā pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ na kiñci garahati kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā”ti. “Imesampi khvāhaṃ, sāriputta, pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ na kiñci garahāmi kāyikaṃ vā vācasikaṃ vā. Imesañhi, sāriputta, pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ saṭṭhi bhikkhū tevijjā, saṭṭhi bhikkhū chaḷabhiññā, saṭṭhi bhikkhū ubhatobhāgavimuttā, atha itare paññāvimuttā”ti.

　　 Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “paṭibhāti maṃ bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ sugatā”ti. “Paṭibhātu taṃ, vaṅgīsā”ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi–

　　 “Ajja pannarase visuddhiyā, bhikkhū pañcasatā samāgatā.

　　 Saṃyojanabandhanacchidā anīghā khīṇapunabbhavā isī.

　　 “Cakkavattī yathā rājā, amaccaparivārito.

　　 Samantā anupariyeti, sāgarantaṃ mahiṃ imaṃ.

　　 “Evaṃ vijitasaṅgāmaṃ, satthavāhaṃ anuttaraṃ;

　　 Sāvakā payirupāsanti, tevijjā maccuhāyino.

　　 “Sabbe bhagavato puttā, palāpettha na vijjati;

　　 Taṇhāsallassa hantāraṃ, vande ādiccabandhunan”ti.

SN.8.8. Parosahassasuttaṃ

　　 216. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ aḍḍhatelasehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhū nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi– “ayaṃ kho bhagavā bhikkhū nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthaveyyan”ti.

　　 Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “paṭibhāti maṃ bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ sugatā”ti. “Paṭibhātu taṃ, vaṅgīsā”ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso bhagavantaṃ sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi–

　　 “Parosahassaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, sugataṃ payirupāsati;

　　 Desentaṃ virajaṃ dhammaṃ, nibbānaṃ akutobhayaṃ.

　　 “Suṇanti dhammaṃ vimalaṃ, sammāsambuddhadesitaṃ;

　　 Sobhati vata sambuddho, bhikkhusaṅghapurakkhato.

　　 “Nāganāmosi bhagavā, isīnaṃ isisattamo;

　　 Mahāmeghova hutvāna, sāvake abhivassati.

　　 “Divāvihārā nikkhamma, satthudassanakamyatā.

　　 Sāvako te mahāvīra, pāde vandati vaṅgīso”ti.

　　 “Kiṃ nu te, vaṅgīsa, imā gāthāyo pubbe parivitakkitā, udāhu ṭhānasova taṃ paṭibhantī”ti? ‘Na kho me, bhante, imā gāthāyo pubbe parivitakkitā, atha kho ṭhānasova maṃ paṭibhantī’ti. ‘Tena hi taṃ, vaṅgīsa, bhiyyosomattāya pubbe aparivitakkitā gāthāyo paṭibhantū’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho āyasmā vaṅgīso bhagavato paṭissutvā bhiyyosomattāya bhagavantaṃ pubbe aparivitakkitāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi–

　　 “Ummaggapathaṃ mārassa abhibhuyya, carati pabhijja khilāni.

　　 Taṃ passatha bandhapamuñcakaraṃ, asitaṃ bhāgaso pavibhajaṃ.

　　 “Oghassa nittharaṇatthaṃ, anekavihitaṃ maggaṃ akkhāsi;

　　 Tasmiñce amate akkhāte, dhammaddasā ṭhitā asaṃhīrā.

　　 “Pajjotakaro ativijjha, sabbaṭṭhitīnaṃ atikkamamaddasa.

　　 Ñatvā ca sacchikatvā ca, aggaṃ so desayi dasaddhānaṃ.

　　 “Evaṃ sudesite dhamme, ko pamādo vijānataṃ dhammaṃ.

　　 Tasmā hi tassa bhagavato sāsane.

　　 Appamatto sadā namassamanusikkhe”ti.

SN.8.9. Koṇḍaññasuttaṃ

　　 217. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho āyasmā aññāsikoṇḍañño sucirasseva yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi ca parisambāhati, nāmañca sāveti– “koṇḍaññohaṃ, bhagavā, koṇḍaññohaṃ, sugatā”ti. Atha kho āyasmato vaṅgīsassa etadahosi– “ayaṃ kho āyasmā aññāsikoṇḍañño sucirasseva yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi ca parisambāhati, nāmañca sāveti– ‘koṇḍaññohaṃ, bhagavā, koṇḍaññohaṃ, sugatā’ti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ āyasmantaṃ aññāsikoṇḍaññaṃ bhagavato sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthaveyyan”ti.

　　 Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “paṭibhāti maṃ, bhagavā, paṭibhāti maṃ, sugatā”ti. “Paṭibhātu taṃ, vaṅgīsā”ti bhagavā avoca. Atha kho āyasmā vaṅgīso āyasmantaṃ aññāsikoṇḍaññaṃ bhagavato sammukhā sāruppāhi gāthāhi abhitthavi–

　　 “Buddhānubuddho so thero, koṇḍañño tibbanikkamo;

　　 Lābhī sukhavihārānaṃ, vivekānaṃ abhiṇhaso.

　　 “Yaṃ sāvakena pattabbaṃ, satthusāsanakārinā;

　　 Sabbassa taṃ anuppattaṃ, appamattassa sikkhato.

　　 “Mahānubhāvo tevijjo, cetopariyāyakovido;

　　 Koṇḍañño buddhadāyādo, pāde vandati satthuno”ti.