相应部7相应10经 多女儿经
相应部7相应10经/多女儿经(婆罗门相应/有偈篇/祇夜)
一时,世尊在拘萨罗国的某片林中居住。当时,有一位姓跋罗陀婆阇的婆罗门丢失了十四头耕牛。这位婆罗门在寻找耕牛时来到这片林中,看见世尊正结跏趺坐,保持身体正直,安住正念。看见后便走向世尊,走近后用偈颂对世尊说:
"这位沙门确实没有十四头耕牛,
今天丢失不见了,所以他快乐。
这位沙门确实没有田地里的杂草,
一叶两叶的(杂草),所以他快乐。
这位沙门确实没有空仓库里的老鼠,
跳舞嬉戏着,所以他快乐。
这位沙门确实没有七个月没换的床褥,
被臭虫占满了,所以他快乐。
这位沙门确实没有七个寡妇女儿,
一个孩子两个孩子的,所以他快乐。
这位沙门确实没有红眼睛的妻子,
用脚踢醒他,所以他快乐。
这位沙门确实没有一大早来要债的,
催促着'还钱还钱',所以他快乐。"
世尊以偈颂回答:
"婆罗门,我确实没有十四头耕牛,
今天丢失不见了,所以我快乐。
婆罗门,我确实没有田地里的杂草,
一叶两叶的(杂草),所以我快乐。
婆罗门,我确实没有空仓库里的老鼠,
跳舞嬉戏着,所以我快乐。
婆罗门,我确实没有七个月没换的床褥,
被臭虫占满了,所以我快乐。
婆罗门,我确实没有七个寡妇女儿,
一个孩子两个孩子的,所以我快乐。
婆罗门,我确实没有红眼睛的妻子,
用脚踢醒我,所以我快乐。
婆罗门,我确实没有一大早来要债的,
催促着'还钱还钱',所以我快乐。"
听完这些话,跋罗陀婆阇婆罗门对世尊说:"太殊胜了,乔达摩!就像扶起倒覆之物,显露被遮蔽之物,为迷途者指路,在黑暗中举灯,使有眼者得见诸色。世尊以种种方便开示正法也是如此。我今皈依佛、法、僧。愿我能在世尊座下出家,受具足戒。"
于是,跋罗陀婆阇婆罗门在世尊座下出家,受具足戒。受戒不久,尊者跋罗陀婆阇独处静修,精进不放逸,专心致志地生活。不久,他就证得了善男子正当从在家转入无家生活的最终目标——无上梵行的完成,现世自知作证:生已尽,梵行已立,所作已办,不受后有。这样,尊者跋罗陀婆阇成为阿罗汉之一。
这是阿罗汉品第一。
巴利语原版经文
SN.7.10/(10) Bahudhītarasuttaṃ
196. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati aññatarasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhāradvājagottassa brāhmaṇassa catuddasa balībaddā naṭṭhā honti. Atha kho bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo te balībadde gavesanto yena so vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā addasa bhagavantaṃ tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe nisinnaṃ pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. Disvāna yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi–
“Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, balībaddā catuddasa;
Ajjasaṭṭhiṃ na dissanti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
“Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, tilākhettasmi pāpakā;
Ekapaṇṇā dupaṇṇā ca, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
“Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, tucchakoṭṭhasmi mūsikā;
Ussoḷhikāya naccanti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
“Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, santhāro sattamāsiko;
Uppāṭakehi sañchanno, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
“Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, vidhavā satta dhītaro.
Ekaputtā duputtā ca, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
“Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, piṅgalā tilakāhatā;
Sottaṃ pādena bodheti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī.
“Na hi nūnimassa samaṇassa, paccūsamhi iṇāyikā;
Detha dethāti codenti, tenāyaṃ samaṇo sukhī”ti.
“Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, balībaddā catuddasa;
Ajjasaṭṭhiṃ na dissanti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
“Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, tilākhettasmi pāpakā.
Ekapaṇṇā dupaṇṇā ca, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
“Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, tucchakoṭṭhasmi mūsikā;
Ussoḷhikāya naccanti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
“Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, santhāro sattamāsiko;
Uppāṭakehi sañchanno, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
“Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, vidhavā satta dhītaro;
Ekaputtā duputtā ca, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
“Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, piṅgalā tilakāhatā;
Sottaṃ pādena bodheti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī.
“Na hi mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa, paccūsamhi iṇāyikā;
Detha dethāti codenti, tenāhaṃ brāhmaṇā sukhī”ti.
Evaṃ vutte, bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya– cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti; evameva bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāhaṃ bhoto gotamassa santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampadan”ti.
Alattha kho bhāradvājagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno panāyasmā bhāradvājo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva– yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ– brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. “Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā”ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā bhāradvājo arahataṃ ahosīti.
Arahantavaggo paṭhamo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Dhanañjānī ca akkosaṃ, asurindaṃ bilaṅgikaṃ;
Ahiṃsakaṃ jaṭā ceva, suddhikañceva aggikā.
Sundarikaṃ bahudhītarena ca te dasāti.