第一千一百八十四章 转轮王经

长部26经/转轮王经(波梨品[第三])


【自依止法】


如是我闻。一时,世尊住在摩揭陀国的摩偷罗城。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:"诸比丘。"比丘们回答说:"世尊。"世尊如是说:


"诸比丘,你们应当以自己为明灯,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依;以法为明灯,以法为归依,不以他人为归依。诸比丘,比丘如何以自己为明灯,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依,以法为明灯,以法为归依,不以他人为归依呢?


在此,诸比丘,比丘对身随观身而住,精进、正知、正念,远离世间的贪忧。对受随观受而住......对心随观心而住......对法随观法而住,精进、正知、正念,远离世间的贪忧。诸比丘,这就是比丘以自己为明灯,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依,以法为明灯,以法为归依,不以他人为归依。"


"诸比丘,你们应当行于自己的范围,即祖父传承的境界。诸比丘,当你们行于自己的范围,即祖父传承的境界时,魔罗将无机可乘,无法得逞。诸比丘,由于受持善法,功德就这样增长。"


【坚轮转轮王的故事】


"诸比丘,从前有一位名叫坚轮的转轮王,他是如法的法王,统治四方,征服各国,国土安稳,具足七宝。他拥有这七种宝物,即:轮宝、象宝、马宝、摩尼宝、女宝、居士宝,第七是主兵宝。他有一千多个儿子,都是勇猛非凡,能摧毁敌军。他以非暴力、非武力而以正法统治这四方大地直至海边。


"诸比丘,后来坚轮王在经过许多年、许多百年、许多千年后,召唤一个人说:'当你看见天轮宝退落、移离其位时,就来告诉我。'那人回答说:'是的,陛下。'过了许多年、许多百年、许多千年后,那人看见天轮宝退落、移离其位,便去见坚轮王,告诉他说:'请陛下知道,天轮宝已退落、移离其位。'


于是,坚轮王召唤太子说:'爱子啊,天轮宝已退落、移离其位。我曾听说,当转轮王的天轮宝退落、移离其位时,王的寿命就不会太长了。我已经享受过人间的欲乐,现在是时候去追求天界的欲乐了。来吧,爱子,你继承这片大地直到海边。我要剃除须发,着袈裟衣,从家出家,过无家的生活。'"


"诸比丘,于是坚轮王好好地教导太子治理国事后,就剃除须发,着袈裟衣,从家出家,过无家的生活。在仙王出家七天后,天轮宝就消失了。


这时,有一个人去见已灌顶即位的刹帝利王,说:'陛下请知道,天轮宝已消失了。'刹帝利王听到天轮宝消失后感到不快,心生忧愁。他去见仙王说:'陛下请知道,天轮宝已消失了。'


当这么说时,仙王对刹帝利王说:'爱子啊,不要因天轮宝消失而不快,不要心生忧愁。天轮宝不是你祖传的遗产。爱子啊,你要实行圣转轮王的职责。如果你实行圣转轮王的职责,在十五布萨日沐浴头顶、受持布萨戒、升上殿堂最上层时,天轮宝就会出现,它有千辐、有轮辋、有轮毂,具足一切相。'"


【圣转轮王的职责】


"'陛下,什么是圣转轮王的职责呢?'

'那么,爱子啊,你要依止法、尊重法、恭敬法、崇拜法、尊奉法、以法为旗帜、以法为标帜、以法为主导,对内眷属、军队、刹帝利、随从者、婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村的人民、沙门婆罗门以及飞禽走兽,要提供如法的保护、防卫和守护。


爱子啊,不要让你国土中有非法的行为。在你国土中若有贫穷的人,就要给予他们财物。你国土中的沙门婆罗门若能远离憍慢放逸,安住于忍辱柔和,调伏自己、寂静自己、解脱自己,你要时常亲近他们、询问他们:"尊者,什么是善?什么是不善?什么是有罪?什么是无罪?什么应当实行?什么不应当实行?我做什么会长期带来不利与痛苦?我做什么会长期带来利益与快乐?"听了之后,应当避免不善的,受持善的并且实行。爱子啊,这就是圣转轮王的职责。'"


【轮宝的出现】


"于是,诸比丘,那位已灌顶即位的刹帝利王答应仙王之后,就实行圣转轮王的职责。当他实行圣转轮王的职责时,在十五布萨日沐浴头顶、受持布萨戒、升上殿堂最上层时,天轮宝出现了,它有千辐、有轮辋、有轮毂,具足一切相。见此,已灌顶即位的刹帝利王想:'我听说,若已灌顶即位的刹帝利王在十五布萨日沐浴头顶、受持布萨戒、升上殿堂最上层时,天轮宝出现,有千辐、有轮辋、有轮毂,具足一切相,他就会成为转轮王。莫非我就是转轮王?'


诸比丘,于是已灌顶即位的刹帝利王从座起,整理上衣偏袒一肩,左手持水瓶,右手洒水在轮宝上说:'愿轮宝转动!愿轮宝征服!'"


"于是,诸比丘,那轮宝向东方转动,转轮王率领四军跟随。在轮宝停驻的地方,转轮王与四军就安营扎寨。东方的诸国王都来见转轮王说:'来吧,大王,欢迎您!大王,这里都是您的,请大王教导我们。'转轮王说:'不可杀生,不可偷盗,不可邪淫,不可妄语,不可饮酒,要适量饮食。'于是东方的诸国王都成为转轮王的追随者。


然后,轮宝沉入东海又升起,向南方转动...(中略)...沉入南海又升起,向西方转动,转轮王率领四军跟随。在轮宝停驻的地方,转轮王与四军就安营扎寨。西方的诸国王都来见转轮王说:'来吧,大王,欢迎您!大王,这里都是您的,请大王教导我们。'转轮王说:'不可杀生,不可偷盗,不可邪淫,不可妄语,不可饮酒,要适量饮食。'于是西方的诸国王都成为转轮王的追随者。


然后,轮宝沉入西海又升起,向北方转动,转轮王率领四军跟随。在轮宝停驻的地方,转轮王与四军就安营扎寨。北方的诸国王都来见转轮王说:'来吧,大王,欢迎您!大王,这里都是您的,请大王教导我们。'转轮王说:'不可杀生,不可偷盗,不可邪淫,不可妄语,不可饮酒,要适量饮食。'于是北方的诸国王都成为转轮王的追随者。


轮宝征服了四海之内的大地后,回到王城,停在王宫门前的法庭上,如同装饰王宫内部一般。"


【第二等转轮王等的故事】


"诸比丘,第二位转轮王...(中略)...第三位转轮王...第四位转轮王...第五位转轮王...第六位转轮王...第七位转轮王也是在经过许多年、许多百年、许多千年后,召唤一个人说:'当你看见天轮宝退落、移离其位时,就来告诉我。'那人回答说:'是的,陛下。'过了许多年、许多百年、许多千年后,那人看见天轮宝退落、移离其位,便去见转轮王说:'陛下请知道,天轮宝已退落、移离其位。'"


"于是,诸比丘,转轮王召唤太子说:'爱子啊,天轮宝已退落、移离其位。我曾听说,当转轮王的天轮宝退落、移离其位时,王的寿命就不会太长了。我已经享受过人间的欲乐,现在是时候去追求天界的欲乐了。来吧,爱子,你继承这片大地直到海边。我要剃除须发,着袈裟衣,从家出家,过无家的生活。'


于是,转轮王好好地教导太子治理国事后,就剃除须发,着袈裟衣,从家出家,过无家的生活。在仙王出家七天后,天轮宝就消失了。


这时,有一个人去见已灌顶即位的刹帝利王,说:'陛下请知道,天轮宝已消失了。'刹帝利王听到天轮宝消失后感到不快,但他没有去见仙王询问圣转轮王的职责。他只是用自己的方式治理国家。当他这样治理国家时,各地方的繁荣就不如从前那些实行圣转轮王职责的国王时期。


于是大臣、随从、会计官、将军、守门人和咒术师们聚集起来,对已灌顶即位的刹帝利王说:'陛下,当你用自己的方式治理国家时,各地方的繁荣就不如从前那些实行圣转轮王职责的国王时期。在你的国土中有大臣、随从、会计官、将军、守门人和咒术师,我们和其他人都知道圣转轮王的职责。来吧,陛下,请向我们询问圣转轮王的职责,我们会为你解答。'"


【寿命与容貌等衰减的故事】


"于是,诸比丘,已灌顶即位的刹帝利王召集大臣、随从、会计官、将军、守门人和咒术师们,询问圣转轮王的职责。他们为他解答了。他听后只提供了如法的保护,却没有给予贫穷者财物。因为没有给予贫穷者财物,贫穷就增长了。


当贫穷增长后,有一个人偷取了他人未给予的东西。他们抓住那人,带到已灌顶即位的刹帝利王面前说:'陛下,这个人偷取他人未给予的东西。'王问那人说:'这是真的吗,你偷取他人未给予的东西?''是的,陛下。''为什么?''因为我活不下去了,陛下。'于是,已灌顶即位的刹帝利王就给予那人财物说:'用这些财物养活自己,供养父母,养育妻子儿女,经营事业,布施给沙门婆罗门,以求生天的福报。''是的,陛下。'那人答应了。


另一个人也偷取他人未给予的东西。他们抓住那人,带到已灌顶即位的刹帝利王面前说:'陛下,这个人偷取他人未给予的东西。'王也同样问他,给他财物,告诉他同样的话。


人们听说:'谁偷取他人未给予的东西,王就给他财物。'听后想:'我们也去偷取他人未给予的东西吧。'于是又有一个人偷盗。他们抓住他带到王前。王问:'你真的偷盗了吗?''是的,陛下。''为什么?''因为活不下去。'


这时王想:'如果我继续给予偷盗者财物,偷盗就会增加。我应该严厉惩治这个人,斩断他的根本,砍下他的头。'于是王命令侍卫:'你们要用结实的绳子把这个人反绑,剃光他的头,敲响刺耳的鼓,把他游街示众,然后从南门带出城,在城南严厉惩治他,斩断他的根本,砍下他的头。'侍卫们遵命执行了。


人们听说:"凡是偷盗他人财物的,国王都会严厉惩治他们,斩断根本,砍下头颅。"听到这个消息后,他们想:"我们也应该准备锋利的武器,当我们去偷盗他人财物时,也要严厉惩治他们,斩断他们的根本,砍下他们的头。"于是他们准备了锋利的武器,开始在村庄、城镇、城市中抢劫,在道路上拦路抢劫。对那些他们偷盗的人,他们就严厉惩治,斩断根本,砍下头颅。


"比丘们,当穷人得不到财富时,贫穷就增长;当贫穷增长时,偷盗就增长;当偷盗增长时,暴力就增长;当暴力增长时,杀生就增长;当杀生增长时,这些众生的寿命和容貌都衰退。寿命和容貌衰退的结果是,原本寿命八万岁的人,其子女只能活到四万岁。


当人类寿命是四万岁时,有一个人偷了别人的东西。他们抓住他,带到国王面前说:'陛下,这个人偷了别人的东西。'国王问那个人:'你真的偷了别人的东西吗?'那个人明知故犯地说谎:'没有,陛下。'


"因此,当穷人得不到财富时,贫穷增长;贫穷增长导致偷盗增长;偷盗增长导致暴力增长;暴力增长导致杀生增长;杀生增长导致妄语增长。当妄语增长时,这些众生的寿命和容貌继续衰退。寿命和容貌衰退的结果是,原本寿命四万岁的人,其子女只能活到两万岁。


当人类寿命是两万岁时,又有一个人偷了别人的东西。有人向国王告发说:'陛下,某某人偷了别人的东西',这就是两舌。


"因此贫穷持续增长,导致偷盗、暴力、杀生、妄语、两舌相继增长。当两舌增长时,这些众生的寿命和容貌进一步衰退。结果是,原本寿命两万岁的人,其子女只能活到一万岁。


当人类寿命是一万岁时,有些人长得漂亮,有些人长得丑陋。那些长得丑陋的人嫉妒漂亮的人,就与他人妻子通奸。


"于是,由于贫穷增长,导致种种不道德行为增长,最终邪淫也增长。当邪淫增长时,这些众生的寿命和容貌继续衰退。结果是,原本寿命一万岁的人,其子女只能活到五千岁。


"当人类寿命是五千岁时,两种现象变得普遍:恶口和绮语(无意义的闲谈)。这两种现象增长时,众生的寿命和容貌继续衰退。原本寿命五千岁的人,其子女有的活到二千五百岁,有的只能活到二千岁。


"当人类寿命是二千五百岁时,贪欲和嗔恨变得普遍。这些增长时,众生的寿命和容貌继续衰退。原本寿命二千五百岁的人,其子女只能活到一千岁。


"当人类寿命是一千岁时,邪见变得普遍。当邪见增长时,众生的寿命和容貌继续衰退。原本寿命一千岁的人,其子女只能活到五百岁。


"当人类寿命是五百岁时,三种现象变得普遍:非法欲望、不正当的贪婪和邪法。这三种现象增长时,众生的寿命和容貌继续衰退。原本寿命五百岁的人,其子女有的活到二百五十岁,有的只能活到二百岁。


当人类寿命是二百五十岁时,这些现象变得普遍:不孝敬母亲、不孝敬父亲、不尊重沙门、不尊重婆罗门、不尊重长辈。


"就这样,由于贫穷增长,导致偷盗增长;由于偷盗,导致暴力;由于暴力,导致杀生;由于杀生,导致妄语;由于妄语,导致两舌;由于两舌,导致邪淫;由于邪淫,导致恶口和绮语;由于这两种现象,导致贪欲和嗔恨;由于贪欲和嗔恨,导致邪见;由于邪见,导致三种现象:非法欲望、不正当的贪婪和邪法;由于这三种现象,导致不孝敬父母、不尊重修行者和长辈。这些现象增长时,众生的寿命和容貌继续衰退。原本寿命二百五十岁的人,其子女只能活到一百岁。


"比丘们,将来会有这样的时期,人类的子女寿命只有十岁。那时,五岁的女孩就到了适婚年龄。在十岁寿命的时期,这些美味的食物将会消失:酥油、生酥、油、蜂蜜、糖蜜和盐。那时,粗劣的谷物会成为最好的食物。就像现在米饭和肉是最好的食物一样,在十岁寿命的时期,粗劣的谷物将成为最好的食物。


在十岁寿命的时期,十种善业道将完全消失,十种不善业道将极度盛行。那时,人们甚至不知道'善'为何物,更不用说行善之人了。在十岁寿命的时期,那些不孝敬父母、不尊重沙门婆罗门、不尊重长辈的人反而会受到尊敬和赞扬。就像现在孝敬父母、尊重沙门婆罗门、尊重长辈的人受到尊敬和赞扬一样。


在十岁寿命的时期,人们将不再有'母亲'、'姨母'、'叔母'、'师母'或'尊长之妻'等称谓。世界将变得混乱,就像山羊、绵羊、鸡、猪、狗和豺狼一样。


在十岁寿命的时期,这些众生之间将充满强烈的敌意、憎恨、恶意和杀机。母亲对子女、子女对母亲,父亲对子女、子女对父亲,兄弟对姐妹、姐妹对兄弟都会有强烈的敌意、憎恨、恶意和杀机。就像猎人看到野兽时会生起强烈的敌意、憎恨、恶意和杀机一样。


"在十岁寿命的时期,将会发生为期七天的'刀剑劫'。人们会把彼此看作野兽,他们手中会出现锋利的武器。他们会喊着'这是野兽!这是野兽!'而相互残杀。


然后,其中一些人会想:'让我们不要伤害任何人,也不要让任何人伤害我们。我们不如躲进草丛、森林、树丛、河谷或山洞中,靠野果维生。'他们就这样躲了七天。七天过后,他们从躲藏处出来,相互拥抱,欢喜庆幸:'亲爱的,你还活着!亲爱的,你还活着!'


【道德复兴和寿命增长】


"然后,这些众生会这样想:'我们因为采取不善法而遭受如此大规模的亲人损失。我们应该行善。我们该行什么善呢?让我们戒除杀生,奉行这项善法吧。'于是他们戒除杀生,奉行这项善法。由于奉行善法,他们的寿命和容貌都增长。原本寿命十岁的人,其子女能活到二十岁。


然后这些众生又想:'我们因为奉行善法,寿命和容貌都增长了。让我们多行善事吧。我们该行什么善?让我们戒除偷盗...戒除邪淫...戒除妄语...戒除两舌...戒除恶口...戒除绮语...断除贪欲...断除嗔恨...断除邪见...断除三种不善法:非法欲望、不正当的贪婪和邪法...让我们孝敬父母、尊重沙门婆罗门、尊重长辈,奉行这些善法吧。'


于是他们孝敬父母、尊重沙门婆罗门、尊重长辈,奉行这些善法。因为奉行善法,他们的寿命和容貌继续增长。二十岁寿命者的子女活到四十岁...四十岁寿命者的子女活到八十岁...八十岁寿命者的子女活到一百六十岁...一百六十岁寿命者的子女活到三百二十岁...三百二十岁寿命者的子女活到六百四十岁。六百四十岁寿命者的子女活到二千岁...二千岁寿命者的子女活到四千岁...四千岁寿命者的子女活到八千岁...八千岁寿命者的子女活到两万岁...两万岁寿命者的子女活到四万岁...四万岁寿命者的子女活到八万岁。当人类寿命达到八万岁时,女孩五百岁才到适婚年龄。


"当人类寿命是八万岁时,只有三种疾病:欲望、饥饿和衰老。那时,这个阎浮提洲将会繁荣昌盛,村庄、城镇和王城密集得鸡飞可及。这个阎浮提洲将会人口稠密,就像芦苇丛或灯心草丛一样。


【转轮圣王和弥勒佛出世】


当人类寿命八万岁时,波罗奈城将称为吉祥城,繁荣昌盛,人口众多,食物丰足。在阎浮提洲将有八万四千个城市,以吉祥城为首。那时,在吉祥城将出现一位名叫"螺"的转轮圣王,他是如法的正法之王,统领四方,使国土安定,具足七宝。他将拥有这七种宝物:轮宝、象宝、马宝、摩尼宝、女宝、居士宝,第七是主兵宝。他将有超过一千个儿子,都是勇武非凡、能摧毁敌军的英雄。他将以正法而非以棍杖、刀剑统治这个四方大海所围绕的大地。


"当人类寿命八万岁时,世间将出现弥勒世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者,他具足明行,是善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。就像我现在出现于世,是阿罗汉、正等正觉者...天人师、佛、世尊一样。他将亲自证悟并宣说关于这个包含天、魔、梵天世界,以及包含沙门、婆罗门、天、人等众生世界的真理,就像我现在所做的一样。他将宣说初善、中善、后善,具足义理和文词的法,开显完整清净的梵行,就像我现在所做的一样。他将教导数千比丘僧团,就像我现在教导数百比丘僧团一样。


"然后,转轮圣王'螺'将重建摩诃那罗陀王所建造的法柱,居住其中。之后他将把法柱和其他财物布施给沙门、婆罗门、贫穷者、流浪者和乞丐。然后他将在弥勒世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者座前剃除须发,披上袈裟,从在家生活出家为无家者。他如是出家后,独处、远离、精进、热诚、专一,不久便实现了善男子正确地从在家出家的究竟目标——最上梵行,在现法中自知自证,实现并安住。


【开示】


"比丘们,你们要以自己为岛屿,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依;以法为岛屿,以法为归依,不以他人为归依。比丘们,如何以自己为岛屿,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依,以法为岛屿,以法为归依,不以他人为归依呢?在此,比丘们,比丘于身观身而住,精勤、正知、正念,远离世间的贪欲和忧恼。于受观受...于心观心...于法观法而住,精勤、正知、正念,远离世间的贪欲和忧恼。比丘们,这就是如何以自己为岛屿,以自己为归依,不以他人为归依,以法为岛屿,以法为归依,不以他人为归依。


"比丘们,你们要在自己的境界中活动,这是你们祖传的领域。比丘们,在自己的境界中活动时,你们将增长寿命、容色、安乐、财富和力量。


比丘们,什么是比丘的寿命?在此,比丘修习具足欲定勤行之神足、勤定勤行之神足、心定勤行之神足、观定勤行之神足。他因为修习、多修习这四神足,如果愿意的话,可以活满一劫或超过一劫。这就是比丘的寿命。


什么是比丘的容色?在此,比丘持戒,守护波罗提木叉律仪而住,具足正行与行处,于微细罪中见怖畏,受持学处而学习。这就是比丘的容色。


什么是比丘的安乐?在此,比丘离欲、离不善法,有寻有伺,由离生喜乐,成就初禅而住。寻伺寂灭故...成就第二禅...第三禅...第四禅而住。这就是比丘的安乐。


什么是比丘的财富?在此,比丘以慈心遍满一方而住,如是第二方、第三方、第四方。如是上下四维,普遍地以广大、无量、无怨、无害的慈心遍满一切世间而住。以悲心...以喜心...以舍心遍满一方而住,如是第二方、第三方、第四方。如是上下四维,普遍地以广大、无量、无怨、无害的舍心遍满一切世间而住。这就是比丘的财富。


什么是比丘的力量?在此,比丘因诸漏尽,无漏心解脱、慧解脱,于现法中自知自证,具足而住。这就是比丘的力量。


比丘们,我不见有任何一种力量如此难以克服,就是魔的力量。由于受持善法,功德如是增长。"


世尊如是说已。比丘们心满意足,欢喜世尊之所说。


转轮王经终


巴利语原版经文


DN.26/(3) Cakkavattisuttaṃ

Attadīpasaraṇatā

   80. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā magadhesu viharati mātulāyaṃ. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhaddante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca– “attadīpā, bhikkhave, viharatha attasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā, dhammadīpā dhammasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attadīpo viharati attasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo, dhammadīpo dhammasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī …pe… citte cittānupassī …pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attadīpo viharati attasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo, dhammadīpo dhammasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo.

   “Gocare, bhikkhave, caratha sake pettike visaye. Gocare, bhikkhave, carataṃ sake pettike visaye na lacchati māro otāraṃ, na lacchati māro ārammaṇaṃ. Kusalānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetu evamidaṃ puññaṃ pavaḍḍhati.

Daḷhanemicakkavattirājā

   81. “Bhūtapubbaṃ bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi nāma ahosi cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni ahesuṃ seyyathidaṃ– cakkaratanaṃ-u hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā ahesuṃ sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasi.

   82. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi bahunnaṃ vassānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi– ‘yadā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, passeyyāsi dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ, atha me āroceyyāsī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, so puriso rañño daḷhanemissa paccassosi. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, so puriso bahunnaṃ vassānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ, disvāna yena rājā daḷhanemi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ daḷhanemiṃ etadavoca– ‘yagghe, deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ te cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutan’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi jeṭṭhaputtaṃ kumāraṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca– ‘dibbaṃ kira me, tāta kumāra, cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ. Sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ– yassa rañño cakkavattissa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkati ṭhānā cavati, na dāni tena raññā ciraṃ jīvitabbaṃ hotīti. Bhuttā kho pana me mānusakā kāmā, samayo dāni me dibbe kāme pariyesituṃ. Ehi tvaṃ, tāta kumāra, imaṃ samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ paṭipajja. Ahaṃ pana kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissāmī’ti.

   83. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā daḷhanemi jeṭṭhaputtaṃ kumāraṃ sādhukaṃ rajje samanusāsitvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji. Sattāhapabbajite kho pana, bhikkhave, rājisimhi dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antaradhāyi.

   “Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso yena rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ khattiyaṃ muddhābhisittaṃ etadavoca– ‘yagghe, deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antarahitan’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto dibbe cakkaratane antarahite anattamano ahosi, anattamanatañca paṭisaṃvedesi. So yena rājisi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājisiṃ etadavoca– ‘yagghe, deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antarahitan’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājisi rājānaṃ khattiyaṃ muddhābhisittaṃ etadavoca– ‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta, dibbe cakkaratane antarahite anattamano ahosi, mā anattamanatañca paṭisaṃvedesi, na hi te, tāta, dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pettikaṃ dāyajjaṃ. Iṅgha tvaṃ, tāta, ariye cakkavattivatte vattāhi. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ vijjati, yaṃ te ariye cakkavattivatte vattamānassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavissati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūran’ti.

Cakkavatti-ariyavattaṃ

   84. “‘Katamaṃ pana taṃ, deva, ariyaṃ cakkavattivattan’ti ‘Tena hi tvaṃ, tāta, dhammaṃyeva nissāya dhammaṃ sakkaronto dhammaṃ garuṃ karonto dhammaṃ mānento dhammaṃ pūjento dhammaṃ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṃ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahassu antojanasmiṃ balakāyasmiṃ khattiyesu anuyantesu brāhmaṇagahapatikesu negamajānapadesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu migapakkhīsu. Mā ca te, tāta, vijite adhammakāro pavattittha. Ye ca te, tāta, vijite adhanā assu, tesañca dhanamanuppadeyyāsi. Ye ca te, tāta, vijite samaṇabrāhmaṇā madappamādā paṭiviratā khantisoracce niviṭṭhā ekamattānaṃ damenti, ekamattānaṃ samenti, ekamattānaṃ parinibbāpenti, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripuccheyyāsi pariggaṇheyyāsi– “kiṃ, bhante, kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalaṃ, kiṃ sāvajjaṃ, kiṃ anavajjaṃ, kiṃ sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ na sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya assa, kiṃ vā pana me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya assā”ti? Tesaṃ sutvā yaṃ akusalaṃ taṃ abhinivajjeyyāsi, yaṃ kusalaṃ taṃ samādāya vatteyyāsi. Idaṃ kho, tāta, taṃ ariyaṃ cakkavattivattan’ti.

Cakkaratanapātubhāvo

   85. “‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto rājisissa paṭissutvā ariye cakkavattivatte vatti. Tassa ariye cakkavattivatte vattamānassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pāturahosi sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ. Disvāna rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa etadahosi– ‘sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ– yassa rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ so hoti rājā cakkavattī’ti. Assaṃ nu kho ahaṃ rājā cakkavattīti.

   “Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ utarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vāmena hatthena bhiṅkāraṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkiri– ‘pavattatu bhavaṃ cakkaratanaṃ, abhivijinātu bhavaṃ cakkaratanan’ti.

   “Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ disaṃ pavatti, anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāsi, tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu– ‘ehi kho, mahārāja, svāgataṃ te mahārāja, sakaṃ te, mahārāja, anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha– ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā ahesuṃ.

   86. “Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ pavatti …pe… dakkhiṇaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā pacchimaṃ disaṃ pavatti, anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāsi, tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, pacchimāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu– ‘ehi kho, mahārāja, svāgataṃ te, mahārāja, sakaṃ te, mahārāja, anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha– ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, pacchimāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā ahesuṃ.

   87. “Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ pacchimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā uttaraṃ disaṃ pavatti, anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāsi, tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upagacchi saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu– ‘ehi kho, mahārāja, svāgataṃ te, mahārāja sakaṃ te, mahārāja, anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha– ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno, te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā ahesuṃ.

   “Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ abhivijinitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā rañño cakkavattissa antepuradvāre atthakaraṇapamukhe akkhāhataṃ maññe aṭṭhāsi rañño cakkavattissa antepuraṃ upasobhayamānaṃ.

Dutiyādicakkavattikathā

   88. “Dutiyopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī …pe… tatiyopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī… catutthopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī… pañcamopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī… chaṭṭhopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī… sattamopi kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī bahunnaṃ vassānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi – ‘yadā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, passeyyāsi dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ, atha me āroceyyāsī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, so puriso rañño cakkavattissa paccassosi. Addasā kho bhikkhave, so puriso bahunnaṃ vassānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasatānaṃ bahunnaṃ vassasahassānaṃ accayena dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutaṃ. Disvāna yena rājā cakkavattī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ etadavoca– ‘yagghe deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ te cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ ṭhānā cutan’ti?

   89. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī jeṭṭhaputtaṃ kumāraṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca– ‘dibbaṃ kira me, tāta kumāra, cakkaratanaṃ osakkitaṃ, ṭhānā cutaṃ, sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ– yassa rañño cakkavattissa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ osakkati, ṭhānā cavati, na dāni tena raññā ciraṃ jīvitabbaṃ hotīti. Bhuttā kho pana me mānusakā kāmā, samayo dāni me dibbe kāme pariyesituṃ, ehi tvaṃ, tāta kumāra, imaṃ samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ paṭipajja Ahaṃ pana kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissāmī’ti.

   “Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī jeṭṭhaputtaṃ kumāraṃ sādhukaṃ rajje samanusāsitvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbaji. Sattāhapabbajite kho pana, bhikkhave, rājisimhi dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antaradhāyi.

   90. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso yena rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṃ khattiyaṃ muddhābhisittaṃ etadavoca– ‘yagghe, deva, jāneyyāsi, dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ antarahitan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto dibbe cakkaratane antarahite anattamano ahosi. Anattamanatañca paṭisaṃvedesi; no ca kho rājisiṃ upasaṅkamitvā ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ pucchi. So samateneva sudaṃ janapadaṃ pasāsati. Tassa samatena janapadaṃ pasāsato pubbenāparaṃ janapadā na pabbanti, yathā taṃ pubbakānaṃ rājūnaṃ ariye cakkavattivatte vattamānānaṃ.

   “Atha kho, bhikkhave, amaccā pārisajjā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā mantassājīvino sannipatitvā rājānaṃ khattiyaṃ muddhābhisittaṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘na kho te, deva, samatena (sudaṃ) janapadaṃ pasāsato pubbenāparaṃ janapadā pabbanti, yathā taṃ pubbakānaṃ rājūnaṃ ariye cakkavattivatte vattamānānaṃ. Saṃvijjanti kho te, deva, vijite amaccā pārisajjā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā mantassājīvino mayañceva aññe ca ye mayaṃ ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ dhārema. Iṅgha tvaṃ, deva, amhe ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ puccha. Tassa te mayaṃ ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ puṭṭhā byākarissāmā’ti.

Āyuvaṇṇādipariyānikathā

   91. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto amacce pārisajje gaṇakamahāmatte anīkaṭṭhe dovārike mantassājīvino sannipātetvā ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ pucchi. Tassa te ariyaṃ cakkavattivattaṃ puṭṭhā byākariṃsu. Tesaṃ sutvā dhammikañhi kho rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidahi, no ca kho adhanānaṃ dhanamanuppadāsi. Adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate aññataro puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aggahesuṃ. Gahetvā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa dassesuṃ – ‘ayaṃ, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca– ‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, ambho purisa, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti? ‘Saccaṃ, devā’ti. ‘Kiṃ kāraṇā’ti? ‘Na hi, deva, jīvāmī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto tassa purisassa dhanamanuppadāsi– ‘iminā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, dhanena attanā ca jīvāhi, mātāpitaro ca posehi, puttadārañca posehi, kammante ca payojehi, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpehi sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikan’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, so puriso rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa paccassosi.

   “Aññataropi kho, bhikkhave, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aggahesuṃ. Gahetvā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa dassesuṃ– ‘ayaṃ, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca– ‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, ambho purisa, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti? ‘Saccaṃ, devā’ti. ‘Kiṃ kāraṇā’ti? ‘Na hi, deva, jīvāmī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto tassa purisassa dhanamanuppadāsi– ‘iminā tvaṃ, ambho purisa, dhanena attanā ca jīvāhi, mātāpitaro ca posehi, puttadārañca posehi, kammante ca payojehi, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ patiṭṭhāpehi sovaggikaṃ sukhavipākaṃ saggasaṃvattanikan’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, so puriso rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa paccassosi

   92. “Assosuṃ kho, bhikkhave, manussā– ‘ye kira, bho, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyanti, tesaṃ rājā dhanamanuppadetī’ti. Sutvāna tesaṃ etadahosi– ‘yaṃnūna mayampi paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyeyyāmā’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aggahesuṃ. Gahetvā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa dassesuṃ– ‘ayaṃ, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca– ‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, ambho purisa, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti? ‘Saccaṃ, devā’ti. ‘Kiṃ kāraṇā’ti? ‘Na hi, deva, jīvāmī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa etadahosi– ‘sace kho ahaṃ yo yo paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyissati, tassa tassa dhanamanuppadassāmi, evamidaṃ adinnādānaṃ pavaḍḍhissati. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ purisaṃ sunisedhaṃ nisedheyyaṃ, mūlaghaccaṃ kareyyaṃ, sīsamassa chindeyyan’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto purise āṇāpesi– ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, imaṃ purisaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhamitvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa sunisedhaṃ nisedhetha, mūlaghaccaṃ karotha, sīsamassa chindathā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, te purisā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa paṭissutvā taṃ purisaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhamitvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa sunisedhaṃ nisedhesuṃ, mūlaghaccaṃ akaṃsu, sīsamassa chindiṃsu.

   93. “Assosuṃ kho, bhikkhave, manussā– ‘ye kira, bho, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyanti, te rājā sunisedhaṃ nisedheti, mūlaghaccaṃ karoti, sīsāni tesaṃ chindatī’ti. Sutvāna tesaṃ etadahosi– ‘yaṃnūna mayampi tiṇhāni satthāni kārāpessāma, tiṇhāni satthāni kārāpetvā yesaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyissāma, te sunisedhaṃ nisedhessāma, mūlaghaccaṃ karissāma, sīsāni tesaṃ chindissāmā’ti. Te tiṇhāni satthāni kārāpesuṃ, tiṇhāni satthāni kārāpetvā gāmaghātampi upakkamiṃsu kātuṃ, nigamaghātampi upakkamiṃsu kātuṃ, nagaraghātampi upakkamiṃsu kātuṃ, panthaduhanampi upakkamiṃsu kātuṃ. Yesaṃ te adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyanti, te sunisedhaṃ nisedhenti, mūlaghaccaṃ karonti, sīsāni tesaṃ chindanti.

   94. “Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi, dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate adinnādānaṃ vepullamagamāsi, adinnādāne vepullaṃ gate satthaṃ vepullamagamāsi, satthe vepullaṃ gate pāṇātipāto vepullamagamāsi, pāṇātipāte vepullaṃ gate tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ asītivassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārīsavassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

   “Cattārīsavassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu aññataro puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aggahesuṃ. Gahetvā rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa dassesuṃ– ‘ayaṃ, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhābhisitto taṃ purisaṃ etadavoca– ‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, ambho purisa, paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti? ‘Na hi, devā’ti sampajānamusā abhāsi.

   95. “Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate adinnādānaṃ vepullamagamāsi, adinnādāne vepullaṃ gate satthaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Satthe vepullaṃ gate pāṇātipāto vepullamagamāsi, pāṇātipāte vepullaṃ gate musāvādo vepullamagamāsi musāvāde vepullaṃ gate tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ cattārīsavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vīsativassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

   “Vīsativassasahassāyukesu bhikkhave, manussesu aññataro puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyi. Tamenaṃ aññataro puriso rañño khattiyassa muddhābhisittassa ārocesi– ‘itthannāmo, deva, puriso paresaṃ adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādiyī’ti pesuññamakāsi.

   96. “Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate adinnādānaṃ vepullamagamāsi, adinnādāne vepullaṃ gate satthaṃ vepullamagamāsi, satthe vepullaṃ gate pāṇātipāto vepullamagamāsi, pāṇātipāte vepullaṃ gate musāvādo vepullamagamāsi, musāvāde vepullaṃ gate pisuṇā vācā vepullamagamāsi, pisuṇāya vācāya vepullaṃ gatāya tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ vīsativassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ dasavassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

   “Dasavassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ekidaṃ sattā vaṇṇavanto honti, ekidaṃ sattā dubbaṇṇā. Tattha ye te sattā dubbaṇṇā, te vaṇṇavante satte abhijjhāyantā paresaṃ dāresu cārittaṃ āpajjiṃsu.

   97. “Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate …pe… kāmesumicchācāro vepullamagamāsi, kāmesumicchācāre vepullaṃ gate tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ dasavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ pañcavassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

   98. “Pañcavassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave manussesu dve dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu– pharusāvācā samphappalāpo ca. Dvīsu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ pañcavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ appekacce aḍḍhateyyavassasahassāyukā, appekacce dvevassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

   99. “Aḍḍhateyyavassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu abhijjhābyāpādā vepullamagamaṃsu. Abhijjhābyāpādesu vepullaṃ gatesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ aḍḍhateyyavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vassasahassāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

   100. “Vassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu micchādiṭṭhi vepullamagamāsi. Micchādiṭṭhiyā vepullaṃ gatāya tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ vassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ pañcavassasatāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

   101. “Pañcavassasatāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu tayo dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu. Adhammarāgo visamalobho micchādhammo. Tīsu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ pañcavassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ appekacce aḍḍhateyyavassasatāyukā, appekacce dvevassasatāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

   “Aḍḍhateyyavassasatāyukesu, bhikkhave manussesu ime dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu. Amatteyyatā apetteyyatā asāmaññatā abrahmaññatā na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitā.

   102. “Iti kho, bhikkhave, adhanānaṃ dhane ananuppadiyamāne dāliddiyaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Dāliddiye vepullaṃ gate adinnādānaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Adinnādāne vepullaṃ gate satthaṃ vepullamagamāsi. Satthe vepullaṃ gate pāṇātipāto vepullamagamāsi. Pāṇātipāte vepullaṃ gate musāvādo vepullamagamāsi. Musāvāde vepullaṃ gate pisuṇā vācā vepullamagamāsi. Pisuṇāya vācāya vepullaṃ gatāya kāmesumicchācāro vepullamagamāsi. Kāmesumicchācāre vepullaṃ gate dve dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu, pharusā vācā samphappalāpo ca. Dvīsu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu abhijjhābyāpādā vepullamagamaṃsu. Abhijjhābyāpādesu vepullaṃ gatesu micchādiṭṭhi vepullamagamāsi. Micchādiṭṭhiyā vepullaṃ gatāya tayo dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu, adhammarāgo visamalobho micchādhammo. Tīsu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu ime dhammā vepullamagamaṃsu, amatteyyatā apetteyyatā asāmaññatā abrahmaññatā na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitā. Imesu dhammesu vepullaṃ gatesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ āyupi parihāyi, vaṇṇopi parihāyi. Tesaṃ āyunāpi parihāyamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi parihāyamānānaṃ aḍḍhateyyavassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vassasatāyukā puttā ahesuṃ.

Dasavassāyukasamayo

   103. “Bhavissati bhikkhave, so samayo, yaṃ imesaṃ manussānaṃ dasavassāyukā puttā bhavissanti. Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu pañcavassikā kumārikā alaṃpateyyā bhavissanti. Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu imāni rasāni antaradhāyissanti, seyyathidaṃ, sappi navanītaṃ telaṃ madhu phāṇitaṃ loṇaṃ. Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu kudrūsako aggaṃ bhojanānaṃ bhavissati. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, etarahi sālimaṃsodano aggaṃ bhojanānaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dasavassāyukesu manussesu kudrūsako aggaṃ bhojanānaṃ bhavissati.

   “Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu dasa kusalakammapathā sabbena sabbaṃ antaradhāyissanti, dasa akusalakammapathā atibyādippissanti. Dasavassāyukesu bhikkhave, manussesu kusalantipi na bhavissati, kuto pana kusalassa kārako. Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ye te bhavissanti amatteyyā apetteyyā asāmaññā abrahmaññā na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, te pujjā ca bhavissanti pāsaṃsā ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, etarahi matteyyā petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino pujjā ca pāsaṃsā ca; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dasavassāyukesu manussesu ye te bhavissanti amatteyyā apetteyyā asāmaññā abrahmaññā na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, te pujjā ca bhavissanti pāsaṃsā ca.

   “Dasavassāyukesu bhikkhave, manussesu na bhavissati mātāti vā mātucchāti vā mātulānīti vā ācariyabhariyāti vā garūnaṃ dārāti vā. Sambhedaṃ loko gamissati yathā ajeḷakā kukkuṭasūkarā soṇasiṅgālā.

   “Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ aññamaññamhi tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito bhavissati tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ. Mātupi puttamhi puttassapi mātari; pitupi puttamhi puttassapi pitari; bhātupi bhaginiyā bhaginiyāpi bhātari tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito bhavissati tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, māgavikassa migaṃ disvā tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito hoti tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dasavassāyukesu manussesu tesaṃ sattānaṃ aññamaññamhi tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito bhavissati tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ. Mātupi puttamhi puttassapi mātari; pitupi puttamhi puttassapi pitari; bhātupi bhaginiyā bhaginiyāpi bhātari tibbo āghāto paccupaṭṭhito bhavissati tibbo byāpādo tibbo manopadoso tibbaṃ vadhakacittaṃ.

   104. “Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu sattāhaṃ satthantarakappo bhavissati. Te aññamaññamhi migasaññaṃ paṭilabhissanti. Tesaṃ tiṇhāni satthāni hatthesu pātubhavissanti. Te tiṇhena satthena ‘esa migo esa migo’ti aññamaññaṃ jīvitā voropessanti.

   “Atha kho tesaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ ekaccānaṃ evaṃ bhavissati – ‘mā ca mayaṃ kañci, mā ca amhe koci, yaṃnūna mayaṃ tiṇagahanaṃ vā vanagahanaṃ vā rukkhagahanaṃ vā nadīviduggaṃ vā pabbatavisamaṃ vā pavisitvā vanamūlaphalāhārā yāpeyyāmā’ti. Te tiṇagahanaṃ vā vanagahanaṃ vā rukkhagahanaṃ vā nadīviduggaṃ vā pabbatavisamaṃ vā pavisitvā sattāhaṃ vanamūlaphalāhārā yāpessanti. Te tassa sattāhassa accayena tiṇagahanā vanagahanā rukkhagahanā nadīviduggā pabbatavisamā nikkhamitvā aññamaññaṃ āliṅgitvā sabhāgāyissanti samassāsissanti– ‘diṭṭhā, bho, sattā jīvasi, diṭṭhā, bho, sattā jīvasī’ti.

Āyuvaṇṇādivaḍḍhanakathā

   105. “Atha kho tesaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ bhavissati– ‘mayaṃ kho akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu evarūpaṃ āyataṃ ñātikkhayaṃ pattā. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ kusalaṃ kareyyāma. Kiṃ kusalaṃ kareyyāma? Yaṃnūna mayaṃ pāṇātipātā virameyyāma, idaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya vatteyyāmā’ti. Te pāṇātipātā viramissanti, idaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya vattissanti. Te kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu āyunāpi vaḍḍhissanti, vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhissanti Tesaṃ āyunāpi vaḍḍhamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhamānānaṃ dasavassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vīsativassāyukā puttā bhavissanti.

   “Atha kho tesaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ bhavissati– ‘mayaṃ kho kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu āyunāpi vaḍḍhāma, vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhāma. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ bhiyyosomattāya kusalaṃ kareyyāma. Kiṃ kusalaṃ kareyyāma? Yaṃnūna mayaṃ adinnādānā virameyyāma… kāmesumicchācārā virameyyāma… musāvādā virameyyāma… pisuṇāya vācāya virameyyāma… pharusāya vācāya virameyyāma… samphappalāpā virameyyāma… abhijjhaṃ pajaheyyāma… byāpādaṃ pajaheyyāma… micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajaheyyāma… tayo dhamme pajaheyyāma– adhammarāgaṃ visamalobhaṃ micchādhammaṃ… yaṃnūna mayaṃ matteyyā assāma petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, idaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya vatteyyāmā’ti. Te matteyyā bhavissanti petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, idaṃ kusalaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya vattissanti.

   “Te kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samādānahetu āyunāpi vaḍḍhissanti, vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhissanti. Tesaṃ āyunāpi vaḍḍhamānānaṃ vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhamānānaṃ vīsativassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārīsavassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… cattārīsavassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ asītivassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… asītivassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ saṭṭhivassasatāyukā puttā bhavissanti… saṭṭhivassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vīsatitivassasatāyukā puttā bhavissanti… vīsatitivassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārīsachabbassasatāyukā puttā bhavissanti. Cattārīsachabbassasatāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ dvevassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… dvevassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārivassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… cattārivassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ aṭṭhavassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… aṭṭhavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ vīsativassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… vīsativassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ cattārīsavassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… cattārīsavassasahassāyukānaṃ manussānaṃ asītivassasahassāyukā puttā bhavissanti… asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu pañcavassasatikā kumārikā alaṃpateyyā bhavissanti.

Saṅkharāja-uppatti

   106. “Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu tayo ābādhā bhavissanti, icchā, anasanaṃ, jarā. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ayaṃ jambudīpo iddho ceva bhavissati phīto ca, kukkuṭasampātikā gāmanigamarājadhāniyo. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ayaṃ jambudīpo avīci maññe phuṭo bhavissati manussehi, seyyathāpi naḷavanaṃ vā saravanaṃ vā. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ayaṃ bārāṇasī ketumatī nāma rājadhānī bhavissati iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ca ākiṇṇamanussā ca subhikkhā ca. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu imasmiṃ jambudīpe caturāsītinagarasahassāni bhavissanti ketumatīrājadhānīpamukhāni. Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu ketumatiyā rājadhāniyā saṅkho nāma rājā uppajjissati cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavissanti, seyyathidaṃ, cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavissanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasissati.

Metteyyabuddhuppādo

   107. “Asītivassasahassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu metteyyo nāma bhagavā loke uppajjissati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. Seyyathāpāhametarahi loke uppanno arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedessati, seyyathāpāhametarahi imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedemi. So dhammaṃ desessati ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsessati; seyyathāpāhametarahi dhammaṃ desemi ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsemi. So anekasahassaṃ bhikkhusaṃghaṃ pariharissati, seyyathāpāhametarahi anekasataṃ bhikkhusaṃghaṃ pariharāmi.

   108. “Atha kho, bhikkhave, saṅkho nāma rājā yo so yūpo raññā mahāpanādena kārāpito. Taṃ yūpaṃ ussāpetvā ajjhāvasitvā taṃ datvā vissajjitvā samaṇabrāhmaṇakapaṇaddhikavaṇibbakayācakānaṃ dānaṃ datvā metteyyassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa santike kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissati. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati.

   109. “Attadīpā, bhikkhave, viharatha attasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā, dhammadīpā dhammasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attadīpo viharati attasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo dhammadīpo dhammasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu vedanānupassī …pe… citte cittānupassī …pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attadīpo viharati attasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo dhammadīpo dhammasaraṇo anaññasaraṇo.

Bhikkhuno-āyuvaṇṇādivaḍḍhanakathā

   110. “Gocare, bhikkhave, caratha sake pettike visaye. Gocare, bhikkhave, carantā sake pettike visaye āyunāpi vaḍḍhissatha, vaṇṇenapi vaḍḍhissatha, sukhenapi vaḍḍhissatha, bhogenapi vaḍḍhissatha, balenapi vaḍḍhissatha.

   “Kiñca bhikkhave, bhikkhuno āyusmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti. So imesaṃ catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā ākaṅkhamāno kappaṃ vā tiṭṭheyya kappāvasesaṃ vā. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno āyusmiṃ.

   “Kiñca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vaṇṇasmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vaṇṇasmiṃ.

   “Kiñca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno sukhasmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā …pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ …pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno, sukhasmiṃ.

   “Kiñca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhogasmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā …pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā …pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhogasmiṃ.

   “Kiñca bhikkhave, bhikkhuno balasmiṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno balasmiṃ.

   “Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekabalampi samanupassāmi yaṃ evaṃ duppasahaṃ, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, mārabalaṃ. Kusalānaṃ bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetu evamidaṃ puññaṃ pavaḍḍhatī”ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

   Cakkavattisuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.


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