长部25经/乌昙巴利经(波梨品[第三])

【尼俯陀游行者的故事】

我是这样听说的：一时，世尊住在王舍城灵鹫山上。那时，尼俯陀游行者与大约三百位游行者一起住在乌昙巴利游行者园。当时，商主散陀那在白天从王舍城出来，想要去见世尊。这时，商主散陀那心想："现在不是见世尊的时候，世尊正在禅修。也不是见受人尊敬的比丘们的时候，那些受人尊敬的比丘们也在禅修。不如我去乌昙巴利游行者园，去见尼俯陀游行者吧。"于是商主散陀那就往乌昙巴利游行者园去。

那时，尼俯陀游行者正与许多游行者一起坐着，发出嘈杂的大声音，谈论着各种俗世话题。比如：谈论国王、盗贼、大臣、军队、恐怖、战争、食物、饮料、衣服、卧具、花环、香料、亲属、车乘、村庄、市镇、城市、国土、妇女、英雄、街道、井边的闲话、亡者的故事、杂谈、世界的起源、海洋的起源以及有无的议论等等。

尼俯陀游行者远远地看见商主散陀那走来，就让自己的弟子们安静下来说："请各位保持安静，不要出声。这位是沙门乔达摩的弟子商主散陀那正在过来。在王舍城中，凡是穿白衣的沙门乔达摩的在家弟子中，这位商主散陀那是其中之一。这些人都喜欢安静，受到安静的教导，赞美安静。也许他看到我们的集会很安静，就会想要过来。"听到这话后，那些游行者都保持沉默。

然后，商主散陀那走到尼俯陀游行者那里，和他互相问候。寒暄过后，坐在一旁。坐下后，商主散陀那对尼俯陀游行者说："这些其他教派的游行者聚在一起时，发出嘈杂的大声音，谈论着各种俗世话题。比如：谈论国王等等......有无的议论等等。但是世尊却住在寂静的森林、偏僻的住处，那里很安静，没有噪音，远离人群，适合独处，适合禅修。"

听到这话，尼俯陀游行者对商主散陀那说："嘿，居士，你知道沙门乔达摩和谁交谈吗？与谁讨论？与谁展现智慧？他的智慧已经被空屋子损坏了，不善于在集会中说话。他只待在边缘地带。就像一只独眼牛只在边缘地带走动一样，沙门乔达摩的智慧也是如此；他不善于在集会中说话，只待在边缘地带。来吧，居士，如果沙门乔达摩来到这个集会，我们用一个问题就能让他哑口无言，我们会把他当作空罐子一样击败。"

世尊以清净超人的天耳，听到了商主散陀那与尼俯陀游行者的这番对话。于是世尊从灵鹫山下来，去到须摩伽陀河边的孔雀觅食处，在那里露天经行。尼俯陀游行者看见世尊在须摩伽陀河边的孔雀觅食处露天经行，就对他的弟子们说："各位请保持安静，不要出声，那位沙门乔达摩正在须摩伽陀河边的孔雀觅食处露天经行。这位尊者喜欢安静，赞美安静。也许他看到我们的集会很安静，就会想要过来。如果沙门乔达摩来到这个集会，我们就问他这个问题：'世尊用什么法教导弟子？用什么方法使弟子们获得满足，承认已达到了最初梵行的目标？'"说完这话，那些游行者都保持沉默。

【苦行厌恶说】

然后世尊走到尼俯陀游行者那里。尼俯陀游行者对世尊说："请来，世尊，欢迎世尊。世尊很久没有来这里了。这里有座位，请世尊坐。"世尊坐在准备好的座位上。尼俯陀游行者也拿了一个低座，坐在一旁。世尊问坐在一旁的尼俯陀游行者："尼俯陀，你们刚才在谈论什么？你们的谈话被打断了？"

尼俯陀游行者回答世尊说："世尊，我们看见您在须摩伽陀河边的孔雀觅食处露天经行，就说：'如果沙门乔达摩来到这个集会，我们就问他这个问题：世尊用什么法教导弟子？用什么方法使弟子们获得满足，承认已达到了最初梵行的目标？'这就是我们被打断的谈话，这时世尊就来了。"

"尼俯陀，你持有不同的见解，不同的信仰，不同的喜好，追随不同的修行，有不同的老师，要了解我用什么方法教导弟子，使他们获得满足，承认已达到最初梵行的目标，这是很难的。来吧，尼俯陀，不如你问我关于你们自己修行的苦行厌恶的问题：'什么是圆满的苦行厌恶，什么是不圆满的？'"听到这话，那些游行者发出嘈杂的大声音说："真是奇妙啊！真是稀有啊！沙门乔达摩有如此大的神通力，放下自己的主张，让我们问其他的问题！"

然后尼俯陀游行者让那些游行者安静下来，对世尊说："世尊，我们是主张苦行厌恶的，以苦行厌恶为核心，依止苦行厌恶而住。什么是圆满的苦行厌恶，什么是不圆满的？"

"在这里，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而感到满意，认为愿望已经实现。尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而感到满意，认为愿望已经实现，这就是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而抬高自己贬低他人。尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而抬高自己贬低他人，这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而变得陶醉、迷惑、放逸。尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而变得陶醉、迷惑、放逸，这也是苦行者的一种污染。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，因为这些利养、恭敬和名声而感到满意，认为愿望已经实现。尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，因为这些而感到满意，认为愿望已经实现，这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，因为这些利养、恭敬和名声而抬高自己贬低他人。尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，因为这些而抬高自己贬低他人，这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，因为这些利养、恭敬和名声而变得陶醉、迷惑、放逸。尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，因为这些而变得陶醉、迷惑、放逸，这也是苦行者的一种污染。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者对食物挑剔，'这个我喜欢，这个我不喜欢'。他带着执着舍弃不喜欢的，而对喜欢的贪著、迷恋、沉迷，不见过患，不知出离而受用......这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者因为渴望利养、恭敬和名声而修习苦行，想：'国王、大臣、刹帝利、婆罗门、居士和外道会尊敬我'......这也是苦行者的一种污染。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者诽谤某位沙门或婆罗门说：'看这个多食者吃各种东西，如根种、茎种、节种、芽种和第五种子种，用牙齿像雷电一样粉碎，却说是沙门'......这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者看见某位沙门或婆罗门在各家受到尊敬、恭敬、崇敬和供养，就想：'人们尊敬、恭敬、崇敬和供养这个多食者，却不尊敬、恭敬、崇敬和供养我这个苦行者、少食者。'因此在各家中生起嫉妒和吝啬......这也是苦行者的一种污染。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者专门坐在人们能看见的地方......这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者在各家游行时炫耀自己说：'这就是我的苦行，这就是我的苦行'......这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者有某些隐秘的行为。当被问到'这样做可以吗？'时，不可以的说可以，可以的说不可以。这样他就说了故意的妄语......这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，当如来或如来的弟子在说法时，对于应该赞同的说法却不赞同......这也是苦行者的一种污染。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者容易发怒和怀恨。尼俯陀，苦行者容易发怒和怀恨，这也是苦行者的一种污染。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者会诽谤和顽固....会嫉妒和吝啬....会狡猾和虚伪....会固执和傲慢....会有恶欲并被恶欲所控制....会持有错误的见解，执持极端的见解....会坚持己见，固守成见，难以舍弃。尼俯陀，苦行者坚持己见，固守成见，难以舍弃，这也是苦行者的一种污染。

你认为如何，尼俯陀，这些是苦行厌恶的污染还是非污染？"尼俯陀回答说："世尊，这些确实是苦行厌恶的污染，不是非污染。世尊，有可能有些苦行者具备所有这些污染，更不用说只具备其中一些了。"

【清净的外皮阶段说】

"在这里，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，不因此而感到满意，不认为愿望已经实现。尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，不因此而感到满意，不认为愿望已经实现，在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，不因此而抬高自己贬低他人...在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，不因此而变得陶醉、迷惑、放逸...在这一点上他是清净的。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，但不因为这些利养、恭敬和名声而感到满意，不认为愿望已经实现...在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，但不因为这些利养、恭敬和名声而抬高自己贬低他人...在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者修习苦行，因此而获得利养、恭敬和名声，但不因为这些利养、恭敬和名声而变得陶醉、迷惑、放逸...在这一点上他是清净的。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者对食物不挑剔，'这个我喜欢，这个我不喜欢'。他无执着地舍弃不喜欢的，对喜欢的不贪著、不迷恋、不沉迷，能见过患，知道出离而受用...在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者不是因为渴望利养、恭敬和名声而修习苦行，不是想：'国王、大臣、刹帝利、婆罗门、居士和外道会尊敬我'...在这一点上他是清净的。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者不诽谤其他沙门或婆罗门说：'看这个多食者吃各种东西，如根种、茎种、节种、芽种和第五种子种，用牙齿像雷电一样粉碎，却说是沙门'...在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者看见某位沙门或婆罗门在各家受到尊敬、恭敬、崇敬和供养时，不会想：'人们尊敬、恭敬、崇敬和供养这个多食者，却不尊敬、恭敬、崇敬和供养我这个苦行者、少食者。'因此在各家中不生起嫉妒和吝啬...在这一点上他是清净的。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者不专门坐在人们能看见的地方...在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者在各家游行时不炫耀自己说：'这就是我的苦行，这就是我的苦行'...在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者没有隐秘的行为。当被问到'这样做可以吗？'时，不可以的就说不可以，可以的就说可以。这样他就不说故意的妄语...在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，当如来或如来的弟子在说法时，对于应该赞同的说法就赞同...在这一点上他是清净的。

"再者，尼俯陀，苦行者不容易发怒和怀恨。尼俯陀，苦行者不容易发怒和怀恨，在这一点上他是清净的。

再者，尼俯陀，苦行者不会诽谤和顽固...不会嫉妒和吝啬...不会狡猾和虚伪...不会固执和傲慢...不会有恶欲也不被恶欲所控制...不会持有错误的见解，不执持极端的见解...不会坚持己见，不固守成见，容易舍弃。尼俯陀，苦行者不坚持己见，不固守成见，容易舍弃，在这一点上他是清净的。

"尼俯陀，你认为如何？如果是这样的话，这种厌恶苦行是清净的还是不清净的？"

"大德，确实如此，这种厌恶苦行是清净的，不是不清净的，已达最高点和精髓。"

"不，尼俯陀，这种厌恶苦行还没有达到最高点和精髓，只达到了表皮而已。"

【达到清净的皮层的讨论】

"大德，那么厌恶苦行要到什么程度才能达到最高点和精髓呢？请大德让我了解厌恶苦行的最高境界和精髓。"

"尼俯陀，在这里，苦行者要遵守四种约束。什么是苦行者的四种约束呢？在这里，尼俯陀，苦行者不杀生，不教唆他人杀生，不赞同杀生者。不偷盗，不教唆他人偷盗，不赞同偷盗者。不妄语，不教唆他人妄语，不赞同说妄语者。不追求享乐，不教唆他人追求享乐，不赞同追求享乐者。这就是苦行者如何遵守四种约束。

"当苦行者遵守这四种约束时，这就是他的苦行。他进步而不退转。他选择寂静处居住 - 森林、树下、山洞、山谷、岩窟、墓地、林薮、露地或草堆。在托钵食后返回，他结跏趺坐，保持身体端正，安住正念。他断除对世间的贪欲，以无贪的心安住，使心从贪欲中净化。他断除瞋恚与恼害，以无瞋的心安住，对一切众生怀有慈悲，使心从瞋恚与恼害中净化。他断除昏沉睡眠，远离昏沉睡眠而安住，具念正知光明想，使心从昏沉睡眠中净化。他断除掉举与悔恨，内心平静而安住，使心从掉举与悔恨中净化。他断除疑惑，超越疑惑而安住，对善法不再犹豫，使心从疑惑中净化。

"他断除这五盖，这些能污染心灵、削弱智慧的障碍后，以慈心遍满一方而住。如是第二方，如是第三方，如是第四方。如是上下四方一切处，他以广大、无量、无怨、无害的慈心遍满整个世界而住。以悲心...以喜心...以舍心遍满一方而住。如是第二方，如是第三方，如是第四方。如是上下四方一切处，他以广大、无量、无怨、无害的舍心遍满整个世界而住。

"尼俯陀，你认为如何？如果是这样的话，这种厌恶苦行是清净的还是不清净的？"

"大德，确实如此，这种厌恶苦行是清净的，不是不清净的，已达最高点和精髓。"

"不，尼俯陀，这种厌恶苦行还没有达到最高点和精髓，只达到了树皮而已。"

【达到清净的木质部分的讨论】

"大德，那么厌恶苦行要到什么程度才能达到最高点和精髓呢？请大德让我了解厌恶苦行的最高境界和精髓。"

"尼俯陀，在这里，苦行者要遵守四种约束。什么是苦行者的四种约束呢？...当苦行者遵守这四种约束时，这就是他的苦行。他进步而不退转。他选择寂静处居住...他断除这五盖...以慈心...悲心...喜心...以舍心遍满广大、无量、无怨、无害地遍满而住。他能忆念种种宿世，即：一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、百生、千生、百千生、许多坏劫、许多成劫、许多成坏劫：'在那里我有如是名、如是姓、如是容貌、如是食物、如是苦乐之感受、如是寿命。从那里死后，我出生于此处，在那里我也有如是名、如是姓、如是容貌、如是食物、如是苦乐之感受、如是寿命。从那里死后，我出生于此处。'如此，他能忆念种种宿世的状况与细节。

"尼俯陀，你认为如何？如果是这样的话，这种厌恶苦行是清净的还是不清净的？"

"大德，确实如此，这种厌恶苦行是清净的，不是不清净的，已达最高点和精髓。"

"不，尼俯陀，这种厌恶苦行还没有达到最高点和精髓，只达到了木质部分而已。"

【达到清净的最高点和精髓的讨论】

"大德，那么厌恶苦行要到什么程度才能达到最高点和精髓呢？请大德让我了解厌恶苦行的最高境界和精髓。"

"尼俯陀，在这里，苦行者要遵守四种约束...他选择寂静处居住...以慈心...以舍心遍满而住。他能忆念种种宿世，即：一生、二生、三生、四生、五生...如此，他能忆念种种宿世的状况与细节。他以清净超人的天眼，见到众生随业流转：有的低贱，有的高贵，有的美好，有的丑陋，有的善趣，有的恶趣，他了知众生随其所造的业而投生 - '这些众生具身恶行、语恶行、意恶行，诽谤圣者，持邪见，行邪见业，他们身坏命终后，生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。而这些众生具身善行、语善行、意善行，不诽谤圣者，持正见，行正见业，他们身坏命终后，生于善趣、天界。'如此，他以清净超人的天眼，见到众生随业流转的情况。

"尼俯陀，你认为如何？如果是这样的话，这种厌恶苦行是清净的还是不清净的？"

"大德，确实如此，这种厌恶苦行是清净的，不是不清净的，已达最高点和精髓。"

"尼俯陀，这才是厌恶苦行达到最高点和精髓。因此，尼俯陀，关于你之前问我的：'大德，世尊用什么法教导弟子，使世尊的弟子们得到慰藉，认为这是根本梵行的旨趣？'这就是那更高更胜妙的法，我用这法教导弟子，使我的弟子们得到慰藉，认为这是根本梵行的旨趣。"

说到这里，那些游方外道大声喧哗说："在这里，我们和我们的老师都迷失了，我们不知道还有比这更高的了！"

【尼俯陀的沉默】

当散陀居士发现这些外道游方者都想听闻世尊的教导，注意倾听，生起理解之心时，他对尼俯陀游方者说："尊者尼俯陀，你之前对我说：'居士啊，你知道沙门乔达摩与谁对话？与谁讨论？在谁面前显示智慧？沙门乔达摩的智慧在空屋中消失，他不善于集会，只在边缘徘徊。就像一只独眼牛在边缘徘徊一样，沙门乔达摩的智慧在空屋中消失，他不善于集会，只在边缘徘徊。来吧，居士，让沙门乔达摩来到这个集会，我们用一个问题就能使他困惑，就像倒空一个空瓶一样。'现在这位世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者已经来到这里，你们说他不善于集会，说他像独眼牛一样徘徊，说要用一个问题使他困惑，像倒空空瓶一样。"听到这话，尼俯陀游方者沉默不语，羞愧低头，垂头丧气，无言以对。

世尊见到尼俯陀游方者沉默不语，羞愧低头，垂头丧气，无言以对，就对他说："尼俯陀，你真的说过这些话吗？"

"大德，是的，我确实说过这些话，那是因为我愚痴、迷惑、不善。"

"尼俯陀，你怎么想？你是否听说过古老的游方者长老、大长老、导师和导师的导师们说过：'过去的阿罗汉、正等正觉者们是否像你和你的老师们现在这样，聚集在一起大声喧哗，谈论各种无益的话题，比如谈论国王、盗贼...等等这样的闲话？还是像我现在这样，居住在森林、偏僻的住处，在安静、少噪音、人迹罕至、适合禅修的地方？'"

"大德，我听说过古老的游方者长老、大长老、导师和导师的导师们说：'过去的阿罗汉、正等正觉者们不像我们现在这样，聚集在一起大声喧哗，谈论各种无益的话题。相反，他们像世尊现在这样，居住在森林、偏僻的住处，在安静、少噪音、人迹罕至、适合禅修的地方。'"

"尼俯陀，作为一个有智慧的成年人，你难道没有想到：'这位世尊是觉悟者，为了觉悟而说法；这位世尊是调伏者，为了调伏而说法；这位世尊是寂静者，为了寂静而说法；这位世尊是度脱者，为了度脱而说法；这位世尊是般涅槃者，为了般涅槃而说法'？"

【梵行的成就】

听到这话，尼俯陀游方者对世尊说："大德，我犯了过错，像愚人、迷惑者、不善者那样说了这些话。请世尊接受我认错，我将来会加以防护。"

"确实，尼俯陀，你犯了过错，像愚人、迷惑者、不善者那样说了这些话。但是既然你已经看到自己的过错并且如法忏悔，我们接受你的忏悔。这是圣者之律中的进步：一个人看到自己的过错，如法忏悔，并在将来防护。

尼俯陀，我这样说：

'让聪明、诚实、正直的人来，我将教导他、为他说法。如果他按照指导修行，为了善男子正确地从在家生活出家而追求的那个无上梵行的目标，他将在现法中自己证知、实现并安住其中，时间只需七年。

尼俯陀，不要说七年。让聪明、诚实、正直的人来，我将教导他、为他说法。如果他按照指导修行，他将在六年内...五年内...四年内...三年内...二年内...一年内实现目标。

不要说一年。让聪明、诚实、正直的人来，我将教导他、为他说法。如果他按照指导修行，他将在七个月内实现目标。

不要说七个月...六个月...五个月...四个月...三个月...两个月...一个月...半个月。让聪明、诚实、正直的人来，我将教导他、为他说法。如果他按照指导修行，他将在七天内实现目标。'

【游方者们的困惑】

"尼俯陀，你可能会想：'沙门乔达摩说这些是想要我们成为他的弟子。'但不应该这样理解。让你们的老师仍然是你们的老师。

你可能会想：'他想要我们放弃我们的教义。'但不应该这样理解。让你们的教义仍然是你们的教义。

你可能会想：'他想要我们改变生活方式。'但不应该这样理解。让你们的生活方式仍然是你们的生活方式。

你可能会想：'他想要使我们承认那些我们和老师认为不善的法是不善的。'但不应该这样理解。就让那些你们认为不善的法继续被认为是不善的。

你可能会想：'他想要使我们远离那些我们和老师认为善的法。'但不应该这样理解。就让那些你们认为善的法继续被认为是善的。

"尼俯陀，我说这些不是想要你们成为我的弟子，不是要你们放弃教义，不是要你们改变生活方式，不是要你们承认不善为善或善为不善。但是，尼俯陀，有些未断除的不善法会导致污染、再生、忧苦、苦果，以及未来的生老死，我为了断除这些而说法。如果你们按照所教导的修行，污染的法将被断除，清净的法将增长，你们将在现法中以智慧自证、实现并安住于智慧的圆满与广大。"

听到这些话，那些游方者们沉默不语，羞愧低头，垂头丧气，无言以对，就像被魔罗所困扰的心一样。这时，世尊想到："这些愚人都被恶魔所迷惑。竟然没有一个人会想：'让我们跟随沙门乔达摩修行梵行，即使不为别的，七天又算什么呢？'"

于是，世尊在乌昙巴利园的游方者精舍中发出狮子吼后，升入空中，回到灵鹫山。而散陀居士则立即返回王舍城。

第二 乌昙巴利经 完

这部经主要讲述了佛陀与游方者尼俯陀的对话，阐述了真正的清净与修行的次第，从表面的苦行到最终的解脱。佛陀以善巧的方式，既不否定他们现有的修行，又指出更高的修行之道。经文最后展现了一个遗憾的结局：尽管佛陀如此善巧地教导，这些游方者们却因为被魔罗所迷惑而未能把握这个难得的机会。

巴利语原版经文

DN.25/(2) Udumbarikasuttaṃ

Nigrodhaparibbājakavatthu

　　 49. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena nigrodho paribbājako udumbarikāya paribbājakārāme paṭivasati mahatiyā paribbājakaparisāya saddhiṃ tiṃsamattehi paribbājakasatehi. Atha kho sandhāno gahapati divā divassa rājagahā nikkhami bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Atha kho sandhānassa gahapatissa etadahosi– “akālo kho bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Paṭisallīno bhagavā. Manobhāvanīyānampi bhikkhūnaṃ asamayo dassanāya. Paṭisallīnā manobhāvanīyā bhikkhū. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena udumbarikāya paribbājakārāmo, yena nigrodho paribbājako tenupasaṅkameyyan”ti. Atha kho sandhāno gahapati yena udumbarikāya paribbājakārāmo, tenupasaṅkami.

　　 50. Tena kho pana samayena nigrodho paribbājako mahatiyā paribbājakaparisāya saddhiṃ nisinno hoti unnādiniyā uccāsaddamahāsaddāya anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ kathentiyā. Seyyathidaṃ– rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā.

　　 51. Addasā kho nigrodho paribbājako sandhānaṃ gahapatiṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvā sakaṃ parisaṃ saṇṭhāpesi– “appasaddā bhonto hontu, mā bhonto saddamakattha. Ayaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa sāvako āgacchati sandhāno gahapati. Yāvatā kho pana samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakā gihī odātavasanā rājagahe paṭivasanti, ayaṃ tesaṃ aññataro sandhāno gahapati. Appasaddakāmā kho panete āyasmanto appasaddavinītā appasaddassa vaṇṇavādino. Appeva nāma appasaddaṃ parisaṃ viditvā upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññeyyā”ti. Evaṃ vutte te paribbājakā tuṇhī ahesuṃ.

　　 52. Atha kho sandhāno gahapati yena nigrodho paribbājako tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā nigrodhena paribbājakena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sandhāno gahapati nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca– “aññathā kho ime bhonto aññatitthiyā paribbājakā saṅgamma samāgamma unnādino uccāsaddamahāsaddā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ– rājakathaṃ …pe… itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā. Aññathā kho pana so bhagavā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevati appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni manussarāhasseyyakāni paṭisallānasāruppānī”ti.

　　 53. Evaṃ vutte nigrodho paribbājako sandhānaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca– “yagghe gahapati, jāneyyāsi, kena samaṇo gotamo saddhiṃ sallapati, kena sākacchaṃ samāpajjati, kena paññāveyyattiyaṃ samāpajjati? Suññāgārahatā samaṇassa gotamassa paññā aparisāvacaro samaṇo gotamo nālaṃ sallāpāya. So antamantāneva sevati. Seyyathāpi nāma gokāṇā pariyantacārinī antamantāneva sevati. Evameva suññāgārahatā samaṇassa gotamassa paññā; aparisāvacaro samaṇo gotamo; nālaṃ sallāpāya. So antamantāneva sevati. Iṅgha, gahapati, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ parisaṃ āgaccheyya, ekapañheneva naṃ saṃsādeyyāma, tucchakumbhīva naṃ maññe orodheyyāmā”ti.

　　 54. Assosi kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya sandhānassa gahapatissa nigrodhena paribbājakena saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohitvā yena sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpe abbhokāse caṅkami. Addasā kho nigrodho paribbājako bhagavantaṃ sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpe abbhokāse caṅkamantaṃ. Disvāna sakaṃ parisaṃ saṇṭhāpesi – “appasaddā bhonto hontu, mā bhonto saddamakattha, ayaṃ samaṇo gotamo sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpe abbhokāse caṅkamati. Appasaddakāmo kho pana so āyasmā, appasaddassa vaṇṇavādī. Appeva nāma appasaddaṃ parisaṃ viditvā upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññeyya. Sace samaṇo gotamo imaṃ parisaṃ āgaccheyya, imaṃ taṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyāma– ‘ko nāma so, bhante, bhagavato dhammo, yena bhagavā sāvake vineti, yena bhagavatā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādibrahmacariyan’ti? Evaṃ vutte te paribbājakā tuṇhī ahesuṃ.

Tapojigucchāvādo

　　 55. Atha kho bhagavā yena nigrodho paribbājako tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho nigrodho paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “etu kho, bhante, bhagavā, svāgataṃ, bhante, bhagavato. Cirassaṃ kho, bhante, bhagavā imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Nisīdatu, bhante, bhagavā, idamāsanaṃ paññattan”ti. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nigrodhopi kho paribbājako aññataraṃ nīcāsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ bhagavā etadavoca– “kāya nuttha, nigrodha, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā, kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā”ti? Evaṃ vutte, nigrodho paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca, “idha mayaṃ, bhante, addasāma bhagavantaṃ sumāgadhāya tīre moranivāpe abbhokāse caṅkamantaṃ, disvāna evaṃ avocumhā– ‘sace samaṇo gotamo imaṃ parisaṃ āgaccheyya, imaṃ taṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyāma– ko nāma so, bhante, bhagavato dhammo, yena bhagavā sāvake vineti, yena bhagavatā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādibrahmacariyan’ti? Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā; atha bhagavā anuppatto”ti.

　　 56. “Dujjānaṃ kho etaṃ, nigrodha, tayā aññadiṭṭhikena aññakhantikena aññarucikena aññatrāyogena aññatrācariyakena, yenāhaṃ sāvake vinemi yena mayā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādibrahmacariyaṃ. Iṅgha tvaṃ maṃ, nigrodha, sake ācariyake adhijegucche pañhaṃ puccha– ‘kathaṃ santā nu kho, bhante, tapojigucchā paripuṇṇā hoti, kathaṃ aparipuṇṇā’ti? Evaṃ vutte te paribbājakā unnādino uccāsaddamahāsaddā ahesuṃ– “acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, samaṇassa gotamassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā, yatra hi nāma sakavādaṃ ṭhapessati, paravādena pavāressatī”ti.

　　 57. Atha kho nigrodho paribbājako te paribbājake appasadde katvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “mayaṃ kho, bhante, tapojigucchāvādā tapojigucchāsārā tapojigucchā-allīnā viharāma Kathaṃ santā nu kho, bhante, tapojigucchā paripuṇṇā hoti, kathaṃ aparipuṇṇā”ti?

　　 “Idha, nigrodha, tapassī acelako hoti muttācāro, hatthāpalekhano, na ehibhaddantiko, na tiṭṭhabhaddantiko, nābhihaṭaṃ na uddissakataṃ, na nimantanaṃ sādiyati, so na kumbhimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti, na kaḷopimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti, na eḷakamantaraṃ, na daṇḍamantaraṃ, na musalamantaraṃ, na dvinnaṃ bhuñjamānānaṃ, na gabbhiniyā, na pāyamānāya, na purisantaragatāya, na saṅkittīsu, na yattha sā upaṭṭhito hoti, na yattha makkhikā saṇḍasaṇḍacārinī, na macchaṃ, na maṃsaṃ, na suraṃ, na merayaṃ, na thusodakaṃ pivati, so ekāgāriko vā hoti ekālopiko, dvāgāriko vā hoti dvālopiko, sattāgāriko vā hoti sattālopiko, ekissāpi dattiyā yāpeti, dvīhipi dattīhi yāpeti, sattahipi dattīhi yāpeti; ekāhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti, dvīhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti, sattāhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti, iti evarūpaṃ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. So sākabhakkho vā hoti, sāmākabhakkho vā hoti, nīvārabhakkho vā hoti, daddulabhakkho vā hoti, haṭabhakkho vā hoti, kaṇabhakkho vā hoti, ācāmabhakkho vā hoti, piññākabhakkho vā hoti, tiṇabhakkho vā hoti, gomayabhakkho vā hoti; vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpeti pavattaphalabhojī. So sāṇānipi dhāreti masāṇānipi dhāreti, chavadussānipi dhāreti, paṃsukūlānipi dhāreti, tirīṭānipi dhāreti, ajinampi dhāreti, ajinakkhipampi dhāreti, kusacīrampi dhāreti, vākacīrampi dhāreti, phalakacīrampi dhāreti, kesakambalampi dhāreti, vāḷakambalampi dhāreti, ulūkapakkhampi dhāreti, kesamassulocakopi hoti kesamassulocanānuyogamanuyutto ubbhaṭṭhakopi hoti āsanapaṭikkhitto, ukkuṭikopi hoti ukkuṭikappadhānamanuyutto, kaṇṭakāpassayikopi hoti kaṇṭakāpassaye seyyaṃ kappeti, phalakaseyyampi kappeti, thaṇḍilaseyyampi kappeti, ekapassayikopi hoti rajojalladharo, abbhokāsikopi hoti yathāsanthatiko, vekaṭikopi hoti vikaṭabhojanānuyogamanuyutto, apānakopi hoti apānakattamanuyutto, sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā paripuṇṇā vā hoti aparipuṇṇā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā paripuṇṇā hoti, no aparipuṇṇā”ti. “Evaṃ paripuṇṇāyapi kho ahaṃ, nigrodha, tapojigucchāya anekavihite upakkilese vadāmī”ti.

Upakkileso

　　 58. “Yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, bhagavā evaṃ paripuṇṇāya tapojigucchāya anekavihite upakkilese vadatī”ti? “Idha, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā attānukkaṃseti paraṃ vambheti. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā attānukkaṃseti paraṃ vambheti. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā majjati mucchati pamādamāpajjati. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā majjati mucchati pamādamāpajjati. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 59. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena attānukkaṃseti paraṃ vambheti. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena attānukkaṃseti paraṃ vambheti. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena majjati mucchati pamādamāpajjati. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena majjati mucchati pamādamāpajjati. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 60. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī bhojanesu vodāsaṃ āpajjati– ‘idaṃ me khamati, idaṃ me nakkhamatī’ti. So yañca khvassa nakkhamati, taṃ sāpekkho pajahati. Yaṃ panassa khamati, taṃ gadhito mucchito ajjhāpanno anādīnavadassāvī anissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati …pe… ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati lābhasakkārasilokanikantihetu– ‘sakkarissanti maṃ rājāno rājamahāmattā khattiyā brāhmaṇā gahapatikā titthiyā’ti …pe… ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 61. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī aññataraṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā apasādetā hoti– ‘kiṃ panāyaṃ sambahulājīvo sabbaṃ saṃbhakkheti. Seyyathidaṃ– mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījameva pañcamaṃ, asanivicakkaṃ dantakūṭaṃ, samaṇappavādenā’ti …pe… ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī passati aññataraṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā kulesu sakkariyamānaṃ garukariyamānaṃ māniyamānaṃ pūjiyamānaṃ. Disvā tassa evaṃ hoti– ‘imañhi nāma sambahulājīvaṃ kulesu sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti. Maṃ pana tapassiṃ lūkhājīviṃ kulesu na sakkaronti na garuṃ karonti na mānenti na pūjentī’ti, iti so issāmacchariyaṃ kulesu uppādetā hoti …pe… ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 62. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī āpāthakanisādī hoti …pe… ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī attānaṃ adassayamāno kulesu carati– ‘idampi me tapasmiṃ idampi me tapasmin’ti …pe… ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī kiñcideva paṭicchannaṃ sevati. So ‘khamati te idan’ti puṭṭho samāno akkhamamānaṃ āha– ‘khamatī’ti. Khamamānaṃ āha– ‘nakkhamatī’ti. Iti so sampajānamusā bhāsitā hoti …pe… ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā dhammaṃ desentassa santaṃyeva pariyāyaṃ anuññeyyaṃ nānujānāti …pe… ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 63. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī kodhano hoti upanāhī. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī kodhano hoti upanāhī. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī makkhī hoti paḷāsī …pe… issukī hoti maccharī… saṭho hoti māyāvī… thaddho hoti atimānī… pāpiccho hoti pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gato… micchādiṭṭhiko hoti antaggāhikāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgato… sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī. Ayampi kho, nigrodha, tapassino upakkileso hoti.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadime tapojigucchā upakkilesā vā anupakkilesā vā”ti? “Addhā kho ime, bhante, tapojigucchā upakkilesā, no anupakkilesā. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhante, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco tapassī sabbeheva imehi upakkilesehi samannāgato assa; ko pana vādo aññataraññatarenā”ti.

Parisuddhapapaṭikappattakathā

　　 64. “Idha, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo. Evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā na attānukkaṃseti na paraṃ vambheti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā na majjati na mucchati na pamādamāpajjati …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 65. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṃseti na paraṃ vambheti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tapaṃ samādiyati, so tena tapasā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ abhinibbatteti, so tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati na mucchati na pamādamāpajjati …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 66. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī bhojanesu na vodāsaṃ āpajjati– ‘idaṃ me khamati, idaṃ me nakkhamatī’ti. So yañca khvassa nakkhamati, taṃ anapekkho pajahati. Yaṃ panassa khamati taṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī na tapaṃ samādiyati lābhasakkārasilokanikantihetu– ‘sakkarissanti maṃ rājāno rājamahāmattā khattiyā brāhmaṇā gahapatikā titthiyā’ti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 67. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī aññataraṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā nāpasādetā hoti– ‘kiṃ panāyaṃ sambahulājīvo sabbaṃ saṃbhakkheti. Seyyathidaṃ– mūlabījaṃ khandhabījaṃ phaḷubījaṃ aggabījaṃ bījabījameva pañcamaṃ, asanivicakkaṃ dantakūṭaṃ, samaṇappavādenā’ti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī passati aññataraṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā kulesu sakkariyamānaṃ garu kariyamānaṃ māniyamānaṃ pūjiyamānaṃ. Disvā tassa na evaṃ hoti– ‘imañhi nāma sambahulājīvaṃ kulesu sakkaronti garuṃ karonti mānenti pūjenti. Maṃ pana tapassiṃ lūkhājīviṃ kulesu na sakkaronti na garuṃ karonti na mānenti na pūjentī’ti, iti so issāmacchariyaṃ kulesu nuppādetā hoti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 68. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī na āpāthakanisādī hoti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī na attānaṃ adassayamāno kulesu carati– ‘idampi me tapasmiṃ, idampi me tapasmin’ti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī na kañcideva paṭicchannaṃ sevati, so– ‘khamati te idan’ti puṭṭho samāno akkhamamānaṃ āha– ‘nakkhamatī’ti. Khamamānaṃ āha– ‘khamatī’ti. Iti so sampajānamusā na bhāsitā hoti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī tathāgatassa vā tathāgatasāvakassa vā dhammaṃ desentassa santaṃyeva pariyāyaṃ anuññeyyaṃ anujānāti …pe… evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 69. “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī akkodhano hoti anupanāhī. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī akkodhano hoti anupanāhī evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, nigrodha, tapassī amakkhī hoti apaḷāsī …pe… anissukī hoti amaccharī… asaṭho hoti amāyāvī… atthaddho hoti anatimānī… na pāpiccho hoti na pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gato… na micchādiṭṭhiko hoti na antaggāhikāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgato… na sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti na ādhānaggāhī suppaṭinissaggī. Yampi, nigrodha, tapassī na sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti na ādhānaggāhī suppaṭinissaggī. Evaṃ so tasmiṃ ṭhāne parisuddho hoti.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā vā hoti aparisuddhā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā hoti no aparisuddhā, aggappattā ca sārappattā cā”ti. “Na kho, nigrodha, ettāvatā tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca; api ca kho papaṭikappattā hotī”ti.

Parisuddhatacappattakathā

　　 70. “Kittāvatā pana, bhante, tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca? Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tapojigucchāya aggaññeva pāpetu, sāraññeva pāpetū”ti. “Idha, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti. Kathañca, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti? Idha, nigrodha, tapassī na pāṇaṃ atipāteti, na pāṇaṃ atipātayati, na pāṇamatipātayato samanuñño hoti Na adinnaṃ ādiyati, na adinnaṃ ādiyāpeti, na adinnaṃ ādiyato samanuñño hoti. Na musā bhaṇati, na musā bhaṇāpeti, na musā bhaṇato samanuñño hoti. Na bhāvitamāsīsati, na bhāvitamāsīsāpeti, na bhāvitamāsīsato samanuñño hoti. Evaṃ kho, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti.

　　 “Yato kho, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti, aduṃ cassa hoti tapassitāya. So abhiharati no hīnāyāvattati. So vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātappaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharati, abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodheti. Byāpādappadosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī, byāpādappadosā cittaṃ parisodheti. Thinamiddhaṃ pahāya vigatathinamiddho viharati ālokasaññī sato sampajāno, thinamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti. Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahāya anuddhato viharati ajjhattaṃ vūpasantacitto, uddhaccakukkuccā cittaṃ parisodheti. Vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇṇavicikiccho viharati akathaṃkathī kusalesu dhammesu, vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodheti.

　　 71. “So ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā …pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā …pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ. Tathā tatiyaṃ. Tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha. Yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā vā hoti aparisuddhā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā hoti no aparisuddhā, aggappattā ca sārappattā cā”ti. “Na kho, nigrodha, ettāvatā tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca; api ca kho tacappattā hotī”ti.

Parisuddhaphegguppattakathā

　　 72. “Kittāvatā pana, bhante, tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca? Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tapojigucchāya aggaññeva pāpetu, sāraññeva pāpetū”ti. “Idha, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti. Kathañca, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti …pe… yato kho, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti, aduṃ cassa hoti tapassitāya. So abhiharati no hīnāyāvattati. So vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati …pe… so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettāsahagatena cetasā …pe… karuṇāsahagatena cetasā …pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā …pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe– ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ, tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā vā hoti aparisuddhā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā hoti, no aparisuddhā, aggappattā ca sārappattā cā”ti. “Na kho, nigrodha, ettāvatā tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca; api ca kho phegguppattā hotī”ti.

Parisuddha-aggappattasārappattakathā

　　 73. “Kittāvatā pana, bhante, tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca? Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tapojigucchāya aggaññeva pāpetu, sāraññeva pāpetū”ti. “Idha, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti. Kathañca, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti …pe… yato kho, nigrodha, tapassī cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto hoti, aduṃ cassa hoti tapassitāya. So abhiharati no hīnāyāvattati. So vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati …pe… so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe mettāsahagatena cetasā …pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo …pe… iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti– ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha, yadi evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā vā hoti aparisuddhā vā”ti? “Addhā kho, bhante, evaṃ sante tapojigucchā parisuddhā hoti no aparisuddhā, aggappattā ca sārappattā cā”ti.

　　 74. “Ettāvatā kho, nigrodha, tapojigucchā aggappattā ca hoti sārappattā ca. Iti kho, nigrodha, yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ avacāsi– ‘ko nāma so, bhante, bhagavato dhammo, yena bhagavā sāvake vineti, yena bhagavatā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādibrahmacariyan’ti. Iti kho taṃ, nigrodha, ṭhānaṃ uttaritarañca paṇītatarañca, yenāhaṃ sāvake vinemi, yena mayā sāvakā vinītā assāsappattā paṭijānanti ajjhāsayaṃ ādibrahmacariyan”ti.

　　 Evaṃ vutte, te paribbājakā unnādino uccāsaddamahāsaddā ahesuṃ– “ettha mayaṃ anassāma sācariyakā, na mayaṃ ito bhiyyo uttaritaraṃ pajānāmā”ti.

Nigrodhassa pajjhāyanaṃ

　　 75. Yadā aññāsi sandhāno gahapati– “aññadatthu kho dānime aññatitthiyā paribbājakā bhagavato bhāsitaṃ sussūsanti, sotaṃ odahanti, aññācittaṃ upaṭṭhāpentī”ti. Atha nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca “iti kho, bhante nigrodha, yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ avacāsi– ‘yagghe, gahapati, jāneyyāsi, kena samaṇo gotamo saddhiṃ sallapati, kena sākacchaṃ samāpajjati, kena paññāveyyattiyaṃ samāpajjati, suññāgārahatā samaṇassa gotamassa paññā, aparisāvacaro samaṇo gotamo nālaṃ sallāpāya, so antamantāneva sevati; seyyathāpi nāma gokāṇā pariyantacārinī antamantāneva sevati. Evameva suññāgārahatā samaṇassa gotamassa paññā, aparisāvacaro samaṇo gotamo nālaṃ sallāpāya; so antamantāneva sevati; iṅgha, gahapati, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ parisaṃ āgaccheyya, ekapañheneva naṃ saṃsādeyyāma, tucchakumbhīva naṃ maññe orodheyyāmā’ti. Ayaṃ kho so, bhante, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho idhānuppatto, aparisāvacaraṃ pana naṃ karotha, gokāṇaṃ pariyantacāriniṃ karotha, ekapañheneva naṃ saṃsādetha, tucchakumbhīva naṃ orodhethā”ti. Evaṃ vutte, nigrodho paribbājako tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno nisīdi.

　　 76. Atha kho bhagavā nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ maṅkubhūtaṃ pattakkhandhaṃ adhomukhaṃ pajjhāyantaṃ appaṭibhānaṃ viditvā nigrodhaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavoca– “saccaṃ kira, nigrodha, bhāsitā te esā vācā”ti? “Saccaṃ bhante, bhāsitā me esā vācā, yathābālena yathāmūḷhena yathā-akusalenā”ti. “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, nigrodha. Kinti te sutaṃ paribbājakānaṃ vuḍḍhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācariyapācariyānaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ– ‘ye te ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā, evaṃ su te bhagavanto saṃgamma samāgamma unnādino uccāsaddamahāsaddā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ– rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ …pe… itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā. Seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyako. Udāhu, evaṃ su te bhagavanto araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni manussarāhasseyyakāni paṭisallānasāruppāni, seyyathāpāhaṃ etarahī’ti.

　　 “Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante. Paribbājakānaṃ vuḍḍhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācariyapācariyānaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ– ‘ye te ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā na evaṃ su te bhagavanto saṃgamma samāgamma unnādino uccāsaddamahāsaddā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti. Seyyathidaṃ– rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ …pe… itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā, seyyathāpāhaṃ etarahi sācariyako. Evaṃ su te bhagavanto araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni manussarāhasseyyakāni paṭisallānasāruppāni, seyyathāpi bhagavā etarahī’”ti.

　　 “Tassa te, nigrodha, viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi – ‘buddho so bhagavā bodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, danto so bhagavā damathāya dhammaṃ deseti, santo so bhagavā samathāya dhammaṃ deseti, tiṇṇo so bhagavā taraṇāya dhammaṃ deseti, parinibbuto so bhagavā parinibbānāya dhammaṃ desetī’”ti?

Brahmacariyapariyosānasacchikiriyā

　　 77. Evaṃ vutte, nigrodho paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “accayo maṃ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathā-akusalaṃ, yvāhaṃ evaṃ bhagavantaṃ avacāsiṃ. Tassa me, bhante, bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā”ti. “Taggha tvaṃ, nigrodha, accayo accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathā-akusalaṃ, yo maṃ tvaṃ evaṃ avacāsi. Yato ca kho tvaṃ, nigrodha, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarosi, taṃ te mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhi hesā, nigrodha, ariyassa vinaye, yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti āyatiṃ saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Ahaṃ kho pana, nigrodha, evaṃ vadāmi–

　　 ‘Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko, ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno, yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati sattavassāni. Tiṭṭhantu, nigrodha, satta vassāni. Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko, ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno, yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati cha vassāni. Pañca vassāni… cattāri vassāni… tīṇi vassāni… dve vassāni… ekaṃ vassaṃ. Tiṭṭhatu, nigrodha, ekaṃ vassaṃ. Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno, yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati satta māsāni. Tiṭṭhantu, nigrodha, satta māsāni… cha māsāni… pañca māsāni cattāri māsāni… tīṇi māsāni… dve māsāni… ekaṃ māsaṃ… aḍḍhamāsaṃ. Tiṭṭhatu, nigrodha, aḍḍhamāso. Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko, ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno, yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissati sattāhaṃ’.

Paribbājakānaṃ pajjhāyanaṃ

　　 78. “Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa– ‘antevāsikamyatā no samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yo eva vo ācariyo, so eva vo ācariyo hotu. Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa– ‘uddesā no cāvetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yo eva vo uddeso so eva vo uddeso hotu. Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa– ‘ājīvā no cāvetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yo eva vo ājīvo, so eva vo ājīvo hotu. Siyā kho pana te, nigrodha, evamassa– ‘ye no dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṃ, tesu patiṭṭhāpetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Akusalā ceva vo te dhammā hontu akusalasaṅkhātā ca sācariyakānaṃ. Siyā kho pana te nigrodha, evamassa– ‘ye no dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṃ, tehi vivecetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ, nigrodha, evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kusalā ceva vo te dhammā hontu kusalasaṅkhātā ca sācariyakānaṃ. Iti khvāhaṃ, nigrodha, neva antevāsikamyatā evaṃ vadāmi, napi uddesā cāvetukāmo evaṃ vadāmi, napi ājīvā cāvetukāmo evaṃ vadāmi, napi ye vo dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṃ, tesu patiṭṭhāpetukāmo evaṃ vadāmi, napi ye vo dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṃ, tehi vivecetukāmo evaṃ vadāmi. Santi ca kho, nigrodha, akusalā dhammā appahīnā saṃkilesikā ponobbhavikā sadarā dukkhavipākā āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇiyā, yesāhaṃ pahānāya dhammaṃ desemi. Yathāpaṭipannānaṃ vo saṃkilesikā dhammā pahīyissanti, vodānīyā dhammā abhivaḍḍhissanti, paññāpāripūriṃ vepullattañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharissathā”ti.

　　 79. Evaṃ vutte, te paribbājakā tuṇhībhūtā maṅkubhūtā pattakkhandhā adhomukhā pajjhāyantā appaṭibhānā nisīdiṃsu yathā taṃ mārena pariyuṭṭhitacittā. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi– “sabbe pime moghapurisā phuṭṭhā pāpimatā. Yatra hi nāma ekassapi na evaṃ bhavissati– ‘handa mayaṃ aññāṇatthampi samaṇe gotame brahmacariyaṃ carāma, kiṃ karissati sattāho’”ti? Atha kho bhagavā udumbarikāya paribbājakārāme sīhanādaṃ naditvā vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā gijjhakūṭe pabbate paccupaṭṭhāsi. Sandhāno pana gahapati tāvadeva rājagahaṃ pāvisīti.

　　 Udumbarikasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.