相应部3相应20经 第二无子经
相应部3相应20经/第二无子经(憍萨罗相应/有偈篇/祇夜)
那时,憍萨罗国的波斯匿王在白天前往拜见世尊。当他坐在一旁时,世尊问他说:"大王啊,你这个时候从哪里来?"
"世尊,舍卫城中有一位长者去世了。因为他无子,我刚把他的财产运到王宫来。光是金币就有十万万(一亿),更不用说银币了!但是,世尊啊,这位长者生前的生活是这样的:吃的是粗糙的红米饭配酸粥,穿的是麻布做的三层破旧衣服,出行时乘坐破旧的马车,用树叶做的伞遮阳。"
"确实如此,大王,确实如此。从前这位长者曾经供养过名叫塔伽罗西奇的辟支佛一顿饭。他说'给这位沙门食物'后就起身离开了。但是供养之后他后悔了,想着'这些食物还不如给奴仆们吃'。而且,他为了财产还杀害了兄弟的独子。
大王,由于他供养辟支佛的善业,他七次往生天界。由于这个善业的余报,他在舍卫城七次成为长者。但是因为他供养后生起后悔心,想着'这些食物还不如给奴仆们吃'的恶业,使他不愿享用美食,不愿穿着好衣服,不愿乘坐好车,也不愿享受五欲之乐。又因为他杀害兄弟独子的恶业,他在地狱中受苦多年、多百年、多千年、多十万年。由于那个业的余报,他这第七次的无子财产要充入国库。大王,这位长者旧的福德已尽,新的福德未积,如今他正在大叫唤地狱中受苦。"
"世尊,这位长者真的堕入大叫唤地狱了吗?"
"是的,大王,这位长者确实堕入大叫唤地狱了。"
世尊接着说偈:
"谷物、财宝、金与银,以及一切所拥有,
奴仆、工人和随从,所有依靠他生活的人。
一切不能带离去,一切必须舍而去,
但凡身语意所作,那才是真正属于己。
彼业随之而俱行,如影不离形,
是故应修诸善业,积蓄后世资粮,
功德为众生所依,往生后世之依止。"
这是第二品。
其摄颂为:
结发五国王,盐粥与厨师,
战争说两次,末利二不放逸,
无子说两次,是故说此品。
巴利语原版经文
SN.3.20/(10). Dutiya-aputtakasuttaṃ
131. Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo divā divassa yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho rājānaṃ pasenadiṃ kosalaṃ bhagavā etadavoca– “handa, kuto nu tvaṃ, mahārāja, āgacchasi divā divassā”ti?
“Idha, bhante, sāvatthiyaṃ seṭṭhi gahapati kālaṅkato. Tamahaṃ aputtakaṃ sāpateyyaṃ rājantepuraṃ atiharitvā āgacchāmi. Sataṃ, bhante, satasahassāni hiraññasseva, ko pana vādo rūpiyassa! Tassa kho pana, bhante, seṭṭhissa gahapatissa evarūpo bhattabhogo ahosi– kaṇājakaṃ bhuñjati bilaṅgadutiyaṃ. Evarūpo vatthabhogo ahosi– sāṇaṃ dhāreti tipakkhavasanaṃ Evarūpo yānabhogo ahosi– jajjararathakena yāti paṇṇachattakena dhāriyamānenā”ti.
“Evametaṃ, mahārāja, evametaṃ, mahārāja! Bhūtapubbaṃ so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi gahapati taggarasikhiṃ nāma paccekasambuddhaṃ piṇḍapātena paṭipādesi. ‘Detha samaṇassa piṇḍan’ti vatvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Datvā ca pana pacchā vippaṭisārī ahosi– ‘varametaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ dāsā vā kammakarā vā bhuñjeyyun’ti. Bhātu ca pana ekaputtakaṃ sāpateyyassa kāraṇā jīvitā voropesi.
“Yaṃ kho so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi gahapati taggarasikhiṃ paccekasambuddhaṃ piṇḍapātena paṭipādesi, tassa kammassa vipākena sattakkhattuṃ sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajji. Tasseva kammassa vipākāvasesena imissāyeva sāvatthiyā sattakkhattuṃ seṭṭhittaṃ kāresi. Yaṃ kho so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi gahapati datvā pacchā vippaṭisārī ahosi– ‘varametaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ dāsā vā kammakarā vā bhuñjeyyun’ti, tassa kammassa vipākena nāssuḷārāya bhattabhogāya cittaṃ namati, nāssuḷārāya vatthabhogāya cittaṃ namati, nāssuḷārāya yānabhogāya cittaṃ namati, nāssuḷārānaṃ pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ bhogāya cittaṃ namati. Yaṃ kho so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi gahapati bhātu ca pana ekaputtakaṃ sāpateyyassa kāraṇā jīvitā voropesi, tassa kammassa vipākena bahūni vassāni bahūni vassasatāni bahūni vassasahassāni bahūni vassasatasahassāni niraye paccittha. Tasseva kammassa vipākāvasesena idaṃ sattamaṃ aputtakaṃ sāpateyyaṃ rājakosaṃ paveseti. Tassa kho, mahārāja, seṭṭhissa gahapatissa purāṇañca puññaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ, navañca puññaṃ anupacitaṃ. Ajja pana, mahārāja, seṭṭhi gahapati mahāroruve niraye paccatī”ti “Evaṃ, bhante, seṭṭhi gahapati mahāroruvaṃ nirayaṃ upapanno”ti. “Evaṃ mahārāja, seṭṭhi gahapati mahāroruvaṃ nirayaṃ upapanno”ti. Idamavoca …pe….
“Dhaññaṃ dhanaṃ rajataṃ jātarūpaṃ, pariggahaṃ vāpi yadatthi kiñci.
Dāsā kammakarā pessā, ye cassa anujīvino.
“Sabbaṃ nādāya gantabbaṃ, sabbaṃ nikkhippagāminaṃ.
Yañca karoti kāyena, vācāya uda cetasā.
“Tañhi tassa sakaṃ hoti, tañca ādāya gacchati;
Tañcassa anugaṃ hoti, chāyāva anapāyinī.
“Tasmā kareyya kalyāṇaṃ, nicayaṃ samparāyikaṃ;
Puññāni paralokasmiṃ, patiṭṭhā honti pāṇina’’nti.
Dutiyo vaggo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Jaṭilā pañca rājāno, doṇapākakurena ca;
Saṅgāmena dve vuttāni, mallikā dve appamādena ca.
Aputtakena dve vuttā, vaggo tena pavuccatīti.