相应部35相应63经到65经, 第一鹿网经,第二鹿网经,第一三弥提魔罗问经
7. 鹿网品
63 第一鹿网经
起源于舍卫城。
那时,尊者鹿网(弥伽阇罗)前往世尊所在之处。(中略)在一旁坐下后,尊者鹿网对世尊说道:
"尊师,人们说'独住者、独住者'。尊师,到什么程度是独住者?又到什么程度是有伴侣而住者呢?"
世尊回答说:
"鹿网,有能被眼所识知的色,它们是可欲的、可爱的、令人愉悦的、可喜的形态、与欲相关的、引发贪染的。如果比丘欢喜它、赞叹它、执取而住于其中。当他欢喜、赞叹、执取而住时,喜悦就生起。有喜悦时,就有贪染;有贪染时,就有束缚。鹿网,被喜悦之结所系缚的比丘,被称为'有伴侣而住者'。
(中略——耳可识知的声、鼻可识知的香、同样展开)
鹿网,有能被舌所识知的味,它们是可欲的、可爱的、令人愉悦的、可喜的形态、与欲相关的、引发贪染的。如果比丘欢喜它、赞叹它、执取而住于其中。当他欢喜、赞叹、执取而住时,喜悦就生起。有喜悦时,就有贪染;有贪染时,就有束缚。鹿网,被喜悦之结所系缚的比丘,被称为'有伴侣而住者'。
鹿网,如此而住的比丘,即使他居住在偏远的阿兰若林野、寂静无声、远离人烟、适合独处的僻静住所,他仍然被称为'有伴侣而住者'。这是为什么呢?因为渴爱就是他的伴侣,而他尚未断除渴爱。因此他被称为'有伴侣而住者'。
鹿网,又有能被眼所识知的色,它们是可欲的、可爱的、令人愉悦的、可喜的形态、与欲相关的、引发贪染的。如果比丘不欢喜它、不赞叹它、不执取而住于其中。当他不欢喜、不赞叹、不执取而住时,喜悦就灭去。没有喜悦时,就没有贪染;没有贪染时,就没有束缚。鹿网,从喜悦之结中解脱的比丘,被称为'独住者'。
(中略——耳、鼻、身等同样展开)
鹿网,又有能被舌所识知的味……(中略)
鹿网,又有能被意所识知的法,它们是可欲的、可爱的、令人愉悦的、可喜的形态、与欲相关的、引发贪染的。如果比丘不欢喜它、不赞叹它、不执取而住于其中。当他不欢喜、不赞叹、不执取而住时,喜悦就灭去。没有喜悦时,就没有贪染;没有贪染时,就没有束缚。鹿网,从喜悦之结中离系的比丘,被称为'独住者'。
鹿网,如此而住的比丘,即使他住在村庄附近,与比丘们、比丘尼们、优婆塞们、优婆夷们、国王们、大臣们、外道们、外道弟子们混杂相处,他仍然被称为'独住者'。这是为什么呢?因为渴爱就是他的伴侣,而他已经断除了渴爱。因此他被称为'独住者'。"
第一经。
64 第二鹿网经
那时,尊者鹿网前往世尊所在之处。(中略)在一旁坐下后,尊者鹿网对世尊说道:
"尊师,善哉!请世尊为我简要地说法,使我听闻世尊的教法后,能够独处、远离、不放逸、精勤、自励而住。"
世尊回答说:
"鹿网,有能被眼所识知的色,它们是可欲的、可爱的、令人愉悦的、可喜的形态、与欲相关的、引发贪染的。如果比丘欢喜它、赞叹它、执取而住于其中。当他欢喜、赞叹、执取而住时,喜悦就生起。鹿网,我说:由喜悦的集起,就有苦的集起。
(中略——耳、鼻同样展开)
鹿网,又有能被舌所识知的味……(中略)
鹿网,又有能被意所识知的法,它们是可欲的、可爱的、令人愉悦的、可喜的形态、与欲相关的、引发贪染的。如果比丘欢喜它、赞叹它、执取而住于其中。当他欢喜、赞叹、执取而住时,喜悦就生起。鹿网,我说:由喜悦的集起,就有苦的集起。
鹿网,又有能被眼所识知的色,它们是可欲的、可爱的、令人愉悦的、可喜的形态、与欲相关的、引发贪染的。如果比丘不欢喜它、不赞叹它、不执取而住于其中。当他不欢喜、不赞叹、不执取而住时,喜悦就灭去。鹿网,我说:由喜悦的灭去,就有苦的灭去。
(中略——耳、鼻、身同样展开)
鹿网,又有能被舌所识知的味,它们是可欲的、可爱的……(中略)
鹿网,又有能被意所识知的法,它们是可欲的、可爱的、令人愉悦的、可喜的形态、与欲相关的、引发贪染的。如果比丘不欢喜它、不赞叹它、不执取而住于其中。当他不欢喜、不赞叹、不执取而住时,喜悦就灭去。鹿网,我说:由喜悦的灭去,就有苦的灭去。"
于是,尊者鹿网欢喜、随喜世尊所说,从座位上起来,礼敬世尊,右绕而去。
此后,尊者鹿网独处、远离、不放逸、精勤、自励而住,不久之后——善男子们正确地从在家出家成为无家者所追求的那个目标——那无上的梵行圆满,在此生中,他以自己的智慧亲自证知、实现并安住于其中。他了知:"生已尽,梵行已立,应做之事已做,不再有此生的状态了。"
尊者鹿网成为了阿罗汉之一。
第二经。
65 第一三弥提魔罗问经
有一次,世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀迦精舍。
那时,尊者三弥提前往世尊所在之处。(中略)对世尊说道:
"尊师,人们说'魔罗、魔罗'。尊师,到什么程度才有魔,或者有魔的施设呢?"
世尊回答说:
"三弥提,哪里有眼,有色,有眼识,有能被眼识所识知的法,在那里就有魔,或者有魔的施设。
哪里有耳,有声,有耳识,有能被耳识所识知的法,在那里就有魔,或者有魔的施设。
哪里有鼻,有香,有鼻识,有能被鼻识所识知的法,在那里就有魔,或者有魔的施设。
哪里有舌,有味,有舌识,有能被舌识所识知的法,在那里就有魔,或者有魔的施设。
哪里有身,有触,有身识,有能被身识所识知的法,在那里就有魔,或者有魔的施设。
哪里有意,有法,有意识,有能被意识所识知的法,在那里就有魔,或者有魔的施设。
三弥提,但是,哪里没有眼,没有色,没有眼识,没有能被眼识所识知的法,在那里就没有魔,也没有魔的施设。
没有耳……(中略)没有鼻……(中略)
没有舌,没有味,没有舌识,没有能被舌识所识知的法,在那里就没有魔,也没有魔的施设。
没有身……(中略)
没有意,没有法,没有意识,没有能被意识所识知的法,在那里就没有魔,也没有魔的施设。"
第三经。
巴利语原版经文
7. Migajālavaggo
SN.35.63/(1). Paṭhamamigajālasuttaṃ
63. Sāvatthinidānaṃ Atha kho āyasmā migajālo yena bhagavā …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā migajālo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “‘ekavihārī, ekavihārī’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, ekavihārī hoti, kittāvatā ca pana sadutiyavihārī hotī”ti?
“Santi kho, migajāla, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato uppajjati nandī. Nandiyā sati sārāgo hoti; sārāge sati saṃyogo hoti. Nandisaṃyojanasaṃyutto kho, migajāla, bhikkhu sadutiyavihārīti vuccati. Santi …pe… santi kho, migajāla, jivhāviññeyyā rasā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato uppajjati nandī. Nandiyā sati sārāgo hoti; sārāge sati saṃyogo hoti. Nandisaṃyojanasaṃyutto kho, migajāla, bhikkhu sadutiyavihārīti vuccati. Evaṃvihārī ca, migajāla, bhikkhu kiñcāpi araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevati appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni manussarāhasseyyakāni paṭisallānasāruppāni; atha kho sadutiyavihārīti vuccati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Taṇhā hissa dutiyā, sāssa appahīnā. Tasmā sadutiyavihārī”ti vuccati.
“Santi ca kho, migajāla, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato nandī nirujjhati. Nandiyā asati sārāgo na hoti; sārāge asati saṃyogo na hoti. Nandisaṃyojanavisaṃyutto kho, migajāla, bhikkhu ekavihārīti vuccati …pe… santi ca kho, migajāla, jivhāviññeyyā rasā …pe… santi ca kho, migajāla, manoviññeyyā dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato nandī nirujjhati. Nandiyā asati sārāgo na hoti; sārāge asati saṃyogo na hoti. Nandisaṃyojanavippayutto kho, migajāla, bhikkhu ekavihārīti vuccati. Evaṃvihārī ca, migajāla, bhikkhu kiñcāpi gāmante viharati ākiṇṇo bhikkhūhi bhikkhunīhi upāsakehi upāsikāhi rājūhi rājamahāmattehi titthiyehi titthiyasāvakehi Atha kho ekavihārīti vuccati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Taṇhā hissa dutiyā, sāssa pahīnā. Tasmā ekavihārīti vuccatī”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
SN.35.64/(2). Dutiyamigajālasuttaṃ
64. Atha kho āyasmā migajālo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā migajālo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyyan”ti.
“Santi kho, migajāla, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato uppajjati nandī. Nandisamudayā dukkhasamudayo, migajālāti vadāmi …pe… santi ca kho, migajāla, jivhāviññeyyā rasā …pe… santi ca kho, migajāla, manoviññeyyā dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato uppajjati nandī Nandisamudayā dukkhasamudayo, migajālāti vadāmi.
“Santi ca kho, migajāla, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato nandī nirujjhati. Nandinirodhā dukkhanirodho, migajālāti vadāmi …pe… santi ca kho, migajāla, jivhāviññeyyā rasā iṭṭhā kantā …pe… santi ca kho, migajāla, manoviññeyyā dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato nandī nirujjhati. Nandinirodhā dukkhanirodho, migajālāti vadāmī”ti.
Atha kho āyasmā migajālo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho āyasmā migajālo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharato nacirasseva– yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ– brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā migajālo arahataṃ ahosīti. Dutiyaṃ.
SN.35.65/(3). Paṭhamasamiddhimārapañhāsuttaṃ
65. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi yena bhagavā …pe… bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “‘māro, māro’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, māro vā assa mārapaññatti vā”ti?
“Yattha kho, samiddhi, atthi cakkhu, atthi rūpā, atthi cakkhuviññāṇaṃ atthi cakkhuviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, atthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā. Atthi sotaṃ, atthi saddā, atthi sotaviññāṇaṃ, atthi sotaviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, atthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā. Atthi ghānaṃ, atthi gandhā, atthi ghānaviññāṇaṃ, atthi ghānaviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, atthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā. Atthi jivhā, atthi rasā, atthi jivhāviññāṇaṃ, atthi jivhāviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, atthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā. Atthi kāyo, atthi phoṭṭhabbā, atthi kāyaviññāṇaṃ, atthi kāyaviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, atthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā. Atthi mano, atthi dhammā, atthi manoviññāṇaṃ, atthi manoviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, atthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā.
“Yattha ca kho, samiddhi, natthi cakkhu, natthi rūpā, natthi cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, natthi cakkhuviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, natthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā. Natthi sotaṃ …pe… natthi ghānaṃ …pe… natthi jivhā, natthi rasā, natthi jivhāviññāṇaṃ, natthi jivhāviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, natthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā. Natthi kāyo …pe…. Natthi mano, natthi dhammā, natthi manoviññāṇaṃ, natthi manoviññāṇaviññātabbā dhammā, natthi tattha māro vā mārapaññatti vā”ti. Tatiyaṃ.