譬喻相应

1. 屋顶经

我听到这样说：有一次，世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那里，世尊对比丘们说：“比丘们啊！”那些比丘回应世尊：“尊师！”世尊如此说道：

“比丘们啊！就好像屋顶阁楼的所有椽子，全都朝向屋顶、汇聚于屋顶、依靠屋顶而破除，全部都被破除；同样地，比丘们啊！所有诸不善法都以无明为根本、由无明汇聚、通过破除无明而破除，全部都被破除。因此，比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习：‘我们要保持正念而不放逸。’比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习。”第一经。

2. 指甲尖尘沙经

住在舍卫城。那时，世尊用指甲尖挑起少许尘土后，对比丘们说：“比丘们啊！你们认为如何？究竟哪一个是更多的：是我用指甲尖挑起的这少许尘土，还是这广大的土地呢？”“尊师啊！这广大的土地才是更多的。世尊用指甲尖挑起的尘土是极少的。它无法计算、无法比拟、甚至不及大地的一小部分。”“同样地，比丘们啊！那些能再投生到人间的众生是极少的；而再投生到人间以外的众生才是更多的。因此，比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习：‘我们要保持正念而不放逸。’比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习。”第二经。

3. 家族经

住在舍卫城……（中略）……“比丘们啊！譬如那些女子多而男子少的家族，容易被盗贼、窃匪攻破；同样地，比丘们啊！如果哪位比丘的慈心解脱未被修习、未被多作，他就容易被非人侵害。比丘们啊！又譬如那些女子少而男子多的家族，难以被盗贼、窃匪攻破；同样地，比丘们啊！如果哪位比丘的慈心解脱已被修习、多作，他就难以被非人侵害。因此，比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习：‘我们的慈心解脱将要被修习、多作、作为车乘、作为基础、被建立、被积累、被善正履行。’比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习。”第三经。

4. 百车谷物布施经

住在舍卫城……（中略）……“比丘们啊！若有人在清晨布施百车谷物，或在中午布施百车谷物，或在傍晚布施百车谷物；而另有人，或在清晨培育慈心即使仅如挤牛奶的量，或在中午培育慈心即使仅如挤牛奶的量，或在傍晚培育慈心即使仅如挤牛奶的量，这（修慈心）比那（布施）有更大果报。因此，比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习：‘我们的慈心解脱将要被修习、多作、作为车乘、作为基础、被建立、被积累、被善正履行。’比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习。”第四经。

5. 利矛经

住在舍卫城……（中略）……“比丘们啊！譬如有一支锋利的矛。那时来一个人（心想）：‘我将用手或拳头来承接这支锋利矛的矛尖、抵挡它、扭转它。’比丘们啊！你们认为如何？那个人能够用手或拳头来承接那支锋利矛的矛尖、抵挡它、扭转它吗？”“不能，尊师。”“那是为什么？”“尊师啊！因为那支矛是锋利矛的，不容易用手或拳头来承接、抵挡、扭转。而那个人只会得到疲劳与苦恼。”

　　 “同样地，比丘们啊！如果哪位比丘的慈心解脱已被修习、多作、作为车乘、作为基础、被建立、被积累、被善正履行，若有非人企图攻击他的心，那非人只会得到疲劳与苦恼。因此，比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习：‘我们的慈心解脱将要被修习、多作、作为车乘、作为基础、被建立、被积累、被善正履行。’比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习。”第五经。

6. 弓箭手经

住在舍卫城……（中略）……“比丘们啊！譬如四位强健有力、善学、技艺娴熟、精于射术的弓箭手，站在四方。那时来一个人（心想）：‘我将在这四位强健有力、善学、技艺娴熟、精于射术的弓箭手向四方射出的、未落地的箭落地之前，抓住并带回来。’比丘们啊！你们认为如何？是否足以称说‘那人具备最高速度’呢？”

　　 “尊师啊！即使抓住一位强健有力、善学、技艺娴熟、精于射术的弓箭手射出的、未落地的箭，都足以被称为‘具备最高速度’，更何况是抓住四位强健有力、善学、技艺娴熟、精于射术的弓箭手（的箭）呢！”

　　 “比丘们啊！如同那人的速度，如同日月运行的速度，比那更快。比丘们啊！如同那人的速度，如同日月运行的速度，如同那些跑在日月前面的天神的速度，比那更快，而寿行（生命）的消逝比那（更快）。因此，比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习：‘我们要保持正念而不放逸。’比丘们啊！你们应当这样学习。”第六经。

巴利语原版经文

20.(9). Opammasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Kūṭasuttaṃ

　　 223. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca– “seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kūṭāgārassa yā kāci gopānasiyo sabbā tā kūṭaṅgamā kūṭasamosaraṇā kūṭasamugghātā sabbā tā samugghātaṃ gacchanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye keci akusalā dhammā sabbe te avijjāmūlakā avijjāsamosaraṇā avijjāsamugghātā, sabbe te samugghātaṃ gacchanti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Nakhasikhasuttaṃ

　　 224. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi– “taṃ kiṃ maññatha bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yo vāyaṃ mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī”ti? “Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yadidaṃ mahāpathavī. Appamattakoyaṃ bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Saṅkhampi na upeti upanidhimpi na upeti kalabhāgampi na upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito”ti. “Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteyeva bahutarā sattā ye aññatra manussehi paccājāyanti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Kulasuttaṃ

　　 225. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “seyyathāpi bhikkhave, yāni kānici kulāni bahutthikāni appapurisāni tāni suppadhaṃsiyāni honti corehi kumbhatthenakehi evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti abhāvitā abahulīkatā so suppadhaṃsiyo hoti amanussehi. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yāni kānici kulāni appitthikāni bahupurisāni tāni duppadhaṃsiyāni honti corehi kumbhatthenakehi, evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā so duppadhaṃsiyo hoti amanussehi. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Okkhāsuttaṃ

　　 226. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “yo, bhikkhave, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo majjhanhikasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo sāyanhasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo vā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, yo vā majjhanhikasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, yo vā sāyanhasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, idaṃ tato mahapphalataraṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Sattisuttaṃ

　　 227. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, satti tiṇhaphalā. Atha puriso āgaccheyya– ‘ahaṃ imaṃ sattiṃ tiṇhaphalaṃ pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇissāmi paṭikoṭṭissāmi paṭivaṭṭessāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, bhabbo nu kho so puriso amuṃ sattiṃ tiṇhaphalaṃ pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇetuṃ paṭikoṭṭetuṃ paṭivaṭṭetun”ti? “No hetaṃ bhante”. “Taṃ kissa hetu”? “Asu hi, bhante, satti tiṇhaphalā na sukarā pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇetuṃ paṭikoṭṭetuṃ paṭivaṭṭetuṃ. Yāvadeva ca pana so puriso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā”ti.

　　 “Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā, tassa ce amanusso cittaṃ khipitabbaṃ maññeyya; atha kho sveva amanusso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Dhanuggahasuttaṃ

　　 228. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, cattāro daḷhadhammā dhanuggahā susikkhitā katahatthā katūpāsanā catuddisā ṭhitā assu. Atha puriso āgaccheyya– ‘ahaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ daḷhadhammānaṃ dhanuggahānaṃ susikkhitānaṃ katahatthānaṃ katūpāsanānaṃ catuddisā kaṇḍe khitte appatiṭṭhite pathaviyaṃ gahetvā āharissāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, ‘javano puriso paramena javena samannāgato’ti alaṃ vacanāyā”ti?

　　 “Ekassa cepi, bhante, daḷhadhammassa dhanuggahassa susikkhitassa katahatthassa katūpāsanassa kaṇḍaṃ khittaṃ appatiṭṭhitaṃ pathaviyaṃ gahetvā āhareyya– ‘javano puriso paramena javena samannāgato’ti alaṃ vacanāya, ko pana vādo catunnaṃ daḷhadhammānaṃ dhanuggahānaṃ susikkhitānaṃ katahatthānaṃ katūpāsanānan”ti?

　　 “Yathā ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo, yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo, tato sīghataro. Yathā ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo yathā ca yā devatā candimasūriyānaṃ purato dhāvanti tāsaṃ devatānaṃ javo, tato sīghataraṃ āyusaṅkhārā khiyanti. Tasmātiha bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ– ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.