增支部4集64经到70经

64 地狱经

"比丘们,具备四种法的人,就如被带到地狱一样。哪四种?杀生、偷盗、邪淫、妄语。比丘们,具备这四种法的人,就如被带到地狱一样。"

"杀生和偷盗,以及所说的妄语,

还有与他人妻通奸,智者都不赞成。"

这是第四经。

65 色经

"比丘们,世间有四种人存在。哪四种?以色为量而喜色者,以声为量而喜声者,以粗糙为量而喜粗糙者,以法为量而喜法者。比丘们,这就是世间存在的四种人。"

"有些人以色为量,有些人随声音而去。

被欲爱所控制,这些人不能了知。

不知内在,也不见外在,

愚人被障碍包围,只随声音漂流。

不知内在,但能观外在,

只见外在果报,此人也随声音漂流。

能知内在,也能观外在,

无障碍地观察,此人不随声音漂流。"

这是第五经。

66 有贪经

"比丘们,世间有四种人存在。哪四种?有贪者、有嗔者、有痴者、有慢者。比丘们,这就是世间存在的四种人。"

"贪著于可爱之物,喜欢可爱的形色。

被愚痴包围的众生,增长束缚自己的绳索。

不明智者造作贪生、嗔生、痴生的业,

造作不善业,带来伤害和痛苦。

被无明覆盖的人们,成为盲目无眼者,

虽然事物如实存在,却不能如实了知。"

这是第六经。

67 蛇王经

有一次,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,舍卫城有一位比丘被蛇咬死了。于是,许多比丘来到世尊处,礼敬后坐在一旁。坐下后,这些比丘对世尊说:"尊者,舍卫城有一位比丘被蛇咬死了。"

"比丘们,那位比丘肯定没有以慈心遍满四大蛇王家族。比丘们,如果那位比丘以慈心遍满四大蛇王家族,他就不会被蛇咬死。"

"哪四个家族?毗楼博叉蛇王家族、伊罗钵多蛇王家族、佳比耶子蛇王家族、黑瞿昙蛇王家族。比丘们,那位比丘肯定没有以慈心遍满这四大蛇王家族。比丘们,如果那位比丘以慈心遍满这四大蛇王家族,他就不会被蛇咬死。"

"比丘们,我允许你们以慈心遍满这四大蛇王家族,为了自我保护、自我守护、自我防护。"

"愿我对毗楼博叉族有慈心,愿我对伊罗钵多族有慈心,

愿我对佳比耶子族有慈心,愿我对黑瞿昙族也有慈心。

愿我对无足者有慈心,愿我对两足者有慈心,

愿我对四足者有慈心,愿我对多足者有慈心。

愿无足者不伤害我,愿两足者不伤害我,

愿四足者不伤害我,愿多足者不伤害我。

愿一切众生、一切生命、一切存在、一切个体,

都能看到美好,不要遭遇任何邪恶。

佛陀无量,法无量,

僧伽无量,爬行动物有限量。

蛇、蝎、蜈蚣、蜘蛛、蜥蜴、老鼠,

我已作了防护,我已作了守护,愿诸生灵退避。

我礼敬世尊,我礼敬七位正等正觉者。"

这是第七经。

68 提婆达多经

有一次,世尊住在王舍城灵鹫山,提婆达多刚离开不久。那时,世尊提到提婆达多,对比丘们说:"比丘们,提婆达多的利养、恭敬、名声生起是为了自我毁灭。比丘们,提婆达多的利养、恭敬、名声生起是为了衰败。"

"比丘们,就像芭蕉结果是为了自我毁灭,结果是为了衰败;同样地,比丘们,提婆达多的利养、恭敬、名声生起是为了自我毁灭,是为了衰败。"

"比丘们,就像竹子结果是为了自我毁灭,结果是为了衰败;同样地,比丘们,提婆达多的利养、恭敬、名声生起是为了自我毁灭,是为了衰败。"

"比丘们,就像芦苇结果是为了自我毁灭,结果是为了衰败;同样地,比丘们,提婆达多的利养、恭敬、名声生起是为了自我毁灭,是为了衰败。"

"比丘们,就像骡子怀孕是为了自我毁灭,怀孕是为了衰败;同样地,比丘们,提婆达多的利养、恭敬、名声生起是为了自我毁灭,是为了衰败。"

"果实毁灭芭蕉,果实毁灭竹子和芦苇,

恭敬毁灭恶人,如同胎儿毁灭骡子。"

这是第八经。

69 精进经

"比丘们,有四种精进。哪四种?防护精进、断除精进、修习精进、保持精进。"

"比丘们,什么是防护精进?在这里,比丘为了不让未生起的恶不善法生起,生起意愿,努力,激发精进,提起心志,精勤。这就叫做防护精进。"

"比丘们,什么是断除精进?在这里,比丘为了断除已生起的恶不善法,生起意愿,努力,激发精进,提起心志,精勤。这就叫做断除精进。"

"比丘们,什么是修习精进?在这里,比丘为了让未生起的善法生起,生起意愿,努力,激发精进,提起心志,精勤。这就叫做修习精进。"

"比丘们,什么是保持精进?在这里,比丘为了让已生起的善法持续、不忘失、增长、广大、修习圆满,生起意愿,努力,激发精进,提起心志,精勤。这就叫做保持精进。"

"比丘们,这就是四种精进。"

"防护和断除,修习和保持,

这四种精进,是太阳亲族所教导的。

在此精进的比丘,能达到苦的止息。"

这是第九经。

70 非法经

"比丘们,当国王不如法时,王臣也会不如法。当王臣不如法时,婆罗门和居士也会不如法。当婆罗门和居士不如法时,城镇和乡村的人也会不如法。当城镇和乡村的人不如法时,日月运行就会不规律。当日月运行不规律时,星宿运行就会不规律。当星宿运行不规律时,昼夜就会不规律。当昼夜不规律时,月半月就会不规律。当月半月不规律时,季节和年份就会不规律。当季节和年份不规律时,风就会不规律地吹,偏离正道。当风不规律地吹,偏离正道时,诸神就会不悦。当诸神不悦时,天就不会适时降雨。当天不适时降雨时,庄稼就会不均匀成熟。比丘们,当人们食用不均匀成熟的庄稼时,就会短命、丑陋、体弱多病。"

"比丘们,当国王如法时,王臣也会如法。当王臣如法时,婆罗门和居士也会如法。当婆罗门和居士如法时,城镇和乡村的人也会如法。当城镇和乡村的人如法时,日月运行就会规律。当日月运行规律时,星宿运行就会规律。当星宿运行规律时,昼夜就会规律。当昼夜规律时,月半月就会规律。当月半月规律时,季节和年份就会规律。当季节和年份规律时,风就会规律地吹,不偏离正道。当风规律地吹,不偏离正道时,诸神就会欢喜。当诸神欢喜时,天就会适时降雨。当天适时降雨时,庄稼就会均匀成熟。比丘们,当人们食用均匀成熟的庄稼时,就会长寿、美丽、强壮少病。"

"当牛群渡河时,如果领头牛走歪,

所有的牛都会走歪,因为它们的领导走歪了。

同样地,在人群中,如果被认为是最尊贵的人,

如果他行为不正,更不用说其他人了。

如果国王不如法,整个国家都会痛苦。

当牛群渡河时,如果领头牛走直,

所有的牛都会走直,因为它们的领导走直了。

同样地,在人群中,如果被认为是最尊贵的人,

如果他行为正直,更不用说其他人了。

如果国王如法,整个国家都会幸福。"

这是第十经。

这是第二品,名为"应做之业品"。

以下是本品摘要:

应做之业、无债、梵天、地狱、色为第五,

有贪、蛇王、提婆达多、精进,以非法为第十。

巴利语原版经文

64/ 4. Nirayasuttaṃ

　　 64. “Catūhi bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi catūhi? Pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti– imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye”ti.

　　“Pāṇātipāto adinnādānaṃ, musāvādo ca vuccati;

　　Paradāragamanañcāpi, nappasaṃsanti paṇḍitā”ti. Catutthaṃ.

65/ 5. Rūpasuttaṃ

　　 65. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Rūpappamāṇo rūpappasanno, ghosappamāṇo ghosappasanno lūkhappamāṇo lūkhappasanno, dhammappamāṇo dhammappasanno– ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti.

　　“Ye ca rūpe pamāṇiṃsu, ye ca ghosena anvagū.

　　Chandarāgavasūpetā, nābhijānanti te janā.

　　“Ajjhattañca na jānāti, bahiddhā ca na passati;

　　Samantāvaraṇo bālo, sa ve ghosena vuyhati.

　　“Ajjhattañca na jānāti, bahiddhā ca vipassati;

　　Bahiddhā phaladassāvī, sopi ghosena vuyhati.

　　“Ajjhattañca pajānāti, bahiddhā ca vipassati;

　　Vinīvaraṇadassāvī, na so ghosena vuyhatī”ti. Pañcamaṃ.

66/ 6. Sarāgasuttaṃ

　　 66. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Sarāgo, sadoso, samoho, samāno– ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmin”ti.

　　“Sārattā rajanīyesu, piyarūpābhinandino.

　　Mohena āvutā sattā, baddhā vaḍḍhenti bandhanaṃ.

　　“Rāgajaṃ dosajañcāpi, mohajaṃ cāpaviddasū;

　　Karontākusalaṃ kammaṃ, savighātaṃ dukhudrayaṃ.

　　“Avijjānivutā posā, andhabhūtā acakkhukā;

　　Yathā dhammā tathā santā, na tassevanti maññare”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

67/ 7. Ahirājasuttaṃ

　　 67. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṃ aññataro bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkato hoti. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “idha bhante, sāvatthiyaṃ aññataro bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkato”ti.

　　 “Na hi nūna so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phari. Sace hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phareyya, na hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkareyya.

　　 “Katamāni cattāri? Virūpakkhaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, erāpathaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, chabyāputtaṃ ahirājakulaṃ, kaṇhāgotamakaṃ ahirājakulaṃ. Na hi nūna so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phari. Sace hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena phareyya, na hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ahinā daṭṭho kālaṅkareyya.

　　 “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imāni cattāri ahirājakulāni mettena cittena pharituṃ attaguttiyā attarakkhāya attaparittāyā”ti.

　　“Virūpakkhehi me mettaṃ, mettaṃ erāpathehi me;

　　Chabyāputtehi me mettaṃ, mettaṃ kaṇhāgotamakehi ca.

　　“Apādakehi me mettaṃ, mettaṃ dvipādakehi me.

　　Catuppadehi me mettaṃ, mettaṃ bahuppadehi me.

　　“Mā maṃ apādako hiṃsi, mā maṃ hiṃsi dvipādako.

　　Mā maṃ catuppado hiṃsi, mā maṃ hiṃsi bahuppado.

　　“Sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā, sabbe bhūtā ca kevalā;

　　Sabbe bhadrāni passantu, mā kañci pāpamāgamā.

　　“Appamāṇo buddho, appamāṇo dhammo;

　　Appamāṇo saṅgho, pamāṇavantāni sarīsapāni.

　　“Ahivicchikā satapadī, uṇṇanābhī sarabū mūsikā;

　　Katā me rakkhā katā me parittā, paṭikkamantu bhūtāni.

　　Sohaṃ namo bhagavato, namo sattannaṃ sammāsambuddhānan”ti. Sattamaṃ.

68/ 8. Devadattasuttaṃ

　　 68. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. Tatra kho bhagavā devadattaṃ ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi– “attavadhāya, bhikkhave, devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi. Parābhavāya, bhikkhave, devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi.

　　 “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kadalī attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi.

　　 “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, veḷu attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi.

　　 “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, naḷo attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi.

　　 “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, assatarī attavadhāya gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti, parābhavāya gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādī”ti.

　　“Phalaṃ ve kadaliṃ hanti, phalaṃ veḷuṃ phalaṃ naḷaṃ;

　　Sakkāro kāpurisaṃ hanti, gabbho assatariṃ yathā”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

69/ 9. Padhānasuttaṃ

　　 69. “Cattārimāni bhikkhave, padhānāni. Katamāni cattāri? Saṃvarappadhānaṃ, pahānappadhānaṃ, bhāvanāppadhānaṃ, anurakkhaṇā-ppadhānaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, saṃvarappadhānaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, saṃvarappadhānaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, pahānappadhānaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, pahānappadhānaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, bhāvanāppadhānaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhāvanāppadhānaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, anurakkhaṇāppadhānaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, anurakkhaṇāppadhānaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri padhānānī”ti.

　　“Saṃvaro ca pahānañca, bhāvanā anurakkhaṇā;

　　Ete padhānā cattāro, desitādiccabandhunā.

　　Yo hi bhikkhu idhātāpī, khayaṃ dukkhassa pāpuṇe”ti. Navamaṃ.

70/ 10. Adhammikasuttaṃ

　　 70. “Yasmiṃ bhikkhave, samaye rājāno adhammikā honti, rājāyuttāpi tasmiṃ samaye adhammikā honti. Rājāyuttesu adhammikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikāpi tasmiṃ samaye adhammikā honti. Brāhmaṇagahapatikesu adhammikesu negamajānapadāpi tasmiṃ samaye adhammikā honti. Negamajānapadesu adhammikesu visamaṃ candimasūriyā parivattanti Visamaṃ candimasūriyesu parivattantesu visamaṃ nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni parivattanti. Visamaṃ nakkhattesu tārakarūpesu parivattantesu visamaṃ rattindivā parivattanti. Visamaṃ rattindivesu parivattantesu visamaṃ māsaddhamāsā parivattanti. Visamaṃ māsaddhamāsesu parivattantesu visamaṃ utusaṃvaccharā parivattanti. Visamaṃ utusaṃvaccharesu parivattantesu visamaṃ vātā vāyanti visamā apañjasā Visamaṃ vātesu vāyantesu visamesu apañjasesu devatā parikupitā bhavanti. Devatāsu parikupitāsu devo na sammā dhāraṃ anuppavecchati. Deve na sammā dhāraṃ anuppavecchante visamapākāni sassāni bhavanti. Visamapākāni, bhikkhave, sassāni manussā paribhuñjantā appāyukā honti dubbaṇṇā ca bavhābādhā ca.

　　 “Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye rājāno dhammikā honti, rājāyuttāpi tasmiṃ samaye dhammikā honti. Rājāyuttesu dhammikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikāpi tasmiṃ samaye dhammikā honti. Brāhmaṇagahapatikesu dhammikesu negamajānapadāpi tasmiṃ samaye dhammikā honti. Negamajānapadesu dhammikesu samaṃ candimasūriyā parivattanti. Samaṃ candimasūriyesu parivattantesu samaṃ nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni parivattanti. Samaṃ nakkhattesu tārakarūpesu parivattantesu samaṃ rattindivā parivattanti. Samaṃ rattindivesu parivattantesu samaṃ māsaddhamāsā parivattanti. Samaṃ māsaddhamāsesu parivattantesu samaṃ utusaṃvaccharā parivattanti. Samaṃ utusaṃvaccharesu parivattantesu samaṃ vātā vāyanti samā pañjasā. Samaṃ vātesu vāyantesu samesu pañjasesu devatā aparikupitā bhavanti. Devatāsu aparikupitāsu devo sammā dhāraṃ anuppavecchati. Deve sammā dhāraṃ anuppavecchante samapākāni sassāni bhavanti. Samapākāni, bhikkhave, sassāni manussā paribhuñjantā dīghāyukā ca honti vaṇṇavanto ca balavanto ca appābādhā cā”ti.

　　“Gunnaṃ ce taramānānaṃ, jimhaṃ gacchati puṅgavo;

　　Sabbā tā jimhaṃ gacchanti, nette jimhaṃ gate sati.

　　“Evamevaṃ manussesu, yo hoti seṭṭhasammato;

　　So ce adhammaṃ carati, pageva itarā pajā.

　　Sabbaṃ raṭṭhaṃ dukkhaṃ seti, rājā ce hoti adhammiko.

　　“Gunnaṃ ce taramānānaṃ, ujuṃ gacchati puṅgavo;

　　Sabbā tā ujuṃ gacchanti, nette ujuṃ gate sati.

　　“Evamevaṃ manussesu, yo hoti seṭṭhasammato;

　　So sace dhammaṃ carati, pageva itarā pajā.

　　Sabbaṃ raṭṭhaṃ sukhaṃ seti, rājā ce hoti dhammiko”ti. Dasamaṃ.

　　Pattakammavaggo dutiyo.

　　 Tassuddānaṃ–

　　 Pattakammaṃ ānaṇyako, sabrahmanirayā rūpena pañcamaṃ.

　　Sarāga-ahirājā devadatto, padhānaṃ adhammikena cāti.