增支部2集51经到64经

51经

51. "比丘们,有两种僧团。哪两种?非法的僧团和如法的僧团...这就是两种僧团。比丘们,在这两种僧团中,如法的僧团是最高的。"

52经

52. "比丘们,有两种僧团。哪两种?说非法的僧团和说法的僧团。

比丘们,什么是说非法的僧团?在这里,比丘们,在某个僧团中,比丘们接受合法或非法的诤事。他们接受这个诤事后,既不相互劝导,也不接受劝导;既不相互开解,也不接受开解。他们因为不能被劝导、不能被开解,不放弃己见,坚持己见,固执己见,宣称:'只有这是真实的,其他都是虚妄的。'比丘们,这就称为说非法的僧团。

比丘们,什么是说法的僧团?在这里,比丘们,在某个僧团中,比丘们接受合法或非法的诤事。他们接受这个诤事后,相互劝导并接受劝导,相互开解并接受开解。他们因为能被劝导、能被开解,放弃己见,不坚持己见,不固执己见,不宣称:'只有这是真实的,其他都是虚妄的。'比丘们,这就称为说法的僧团。

比丘们,这就是两种僧团。比丘们,在这两种僧团中,说法的僧团是最高的。"

第五 僧团品

第一个五十经终。

第二个五十经

1. 人品

53经

53. "比丘们,有两种人出现于世间时,是为了多数人的利益,为了多数人的快乐,为了许多人的福祉、利益和安乐,为了天神和人类。哪两种?如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉者,以及转轮圣王。比丘们,这两种人出现于世间时,是为了多数人的利益,为了多数人的快乐,为了许多人的福祉、利益和安乐,为了天神和人类。"

54经

54. "比丘们,有两种人出现于世间时,是稀有的人。哪两种?如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉者,以及转轮圣王。比丘们,这两种人出现于世间时,是稀有的人。"

55经

55. "比丘们,两种人的去世会让许多人感到悲伤。哪两种?如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉者,以及转轮圣王。比丘们,这两种人的去世会让许多人感到悲伤。"

56经

56. "比丘们,有两种人值得建塔供养。哪两种?如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉者,以及转轮圣王。比丘们,这两种人值得建塔供养。"

57经

57. "比丘们,有两种佛。哪两种?如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉者,以及辟支佛。比丘们,这就是两种佛。"

58经

58. "比丘们,有两种人即使雷击也不会惊慌。哪两种?漏尽的比丘和善良的象。比丘们,这两种人即使雷击也不会惊慌。"

59经

59. "比丘们,有两种人即使雷击也不会惊慌。哪两种?漏尽的比丘和善良的马。比丘们,这两种人即使雷击也不会惊慌。"

60经

60. "比丘们,有两种人即使雷击也不会惊慌。哪两种?漏尽的比丘和狮子兽王。比丘们,这两种人即使雷击也不会惊慌。"

61经

61. "比丘们,金翅鸟考虑到两个理由不说人语。哪两个?'让我们不说妄语,让我们不以虚假诽谤他人。'比丘们,金翅鸟考虑到这两个理由不说人语。"

62经

62. "比丘们,女人对两种法永不满足,死时仍不知足。哪两种?性交和生育。比丘们,女人对这两种法永不满足,死时仍不知足。"

63经

63. "比丘们,我将为你们讲解不和谐的共住和和谐的共住。请仔细听,我将讲说。""好的,尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。世尊如此说:

"比丘们,什么是不和谐的共住?什么是不和谐共住的人?在这里,比丘们,上座比丘这样想:'上座不应该对我说,中座不应该对我说,下座不应该对我说;我不应该对上座说,我不应该对中座说,我不应该对下座说。如果上座对我说,他是出于恶意而不是善意,我会说"不",我会伤害他,即使看到他我也不会回应。如果中座对我说...如果下座对我说,他是出于恶意而不是善意,我会说"不",我会伤害他,即使看到他我也不会回应。'中座比丘也这样想...下座比丘也这样想:'上座不应该对我说,中座不应该对我说,下座不应该对我说;我不应该对上座说,我不应该对中座说,我不应该对下座说。如果上座对我说,他是出于恶意而不是善意,我会说"不",我会伤害他,即使看到他我也不会回应。如果中座对我说...如果下座对我说,他是出于恶意而不是善意,我会说"不",我会伤害他,即使看到他我也不会回应。'比丘们,这就是不和谐的共住,这就是不和谐共住的人。

比丘们,什么是和谐的共住?什么是和谐共住的人?在这里,比丘们,上座比丘这样想:'上座应该对我说,中座应该对我说,下座应该对我说;我应该对上座说,我应该对中座说,我应该对下座说。如果上座对我说,他是出于善意而不是恶意,我会说"好",我不会伤害他,我会回应他。如果中座对我说...如果下座对我说,他是出于善意而不是恶意,我会说"好",我不会伤害他,我会回应他。'中座比丘也这样想...下座比丘也这样想:'上座应该对我说,中座应该对我说,下座应该对我说;我应该对上座说,我应该对中座说,我应该对下座说。如果上座对我说,他是出于善意而不是恶意,我会说"好",我不会伤害他,我会回应他。如果中座对我说...如果下座对我说,他是出于善意而不是恶意,我会说"好",我不会伤害他,我会回应他。'比丘们,这就是和谐的共住,这就是和谐共住的人。"

64经

64. "比丘们,在某个诤事中,如果双方的言语交锋、见解冲突、心中怨恨、不满、不悦内心未平息,那么可以预期,这个诤事会持续很长时间,会变得激烈、恶化,比丘们也不会安乐地生活。比丘们,在某个诤事中,如果双方的言语交锋、见解冲突、心中怨恨、不满、不悦内心已经平息,那么可以预期,这个诤事不会持续很长时间,不会变得激烈、恶化,比丘们也会安乐地生活。"

第一 人品

巴利语原版经文

51

　　 51. “Dvemā, bhikkhave, parisā. Katamā dve? Adhammikā ca parisā dhammikā ca parisā …pe… imā kho, bhikkhave, dve parisā. Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imāsaṃ dvinnaṃ parisānaṃ yadidaṃ dhammikā parisā”ti.

52

　　 52. “Dvemā, bhikkhave, parisā. Katamā dve? Adhammavādinī ca parisā dhammavādinī ca parisā. Katamā ca, bhikkhave, adhammavādinī parisā? Idha, bhikkhave, yassaṃ parisāyaṃ bhikkhū adhikaraṇaṃ ādiyanti dhammikaṃ vā adhammikaṃ vā. Te taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ādiyitvā na ceva aññamaññaṃ saññāpenti na ca saññattiṃ upagacchanti, na ca nijjhāpenti na ca nijjhattiṃ upagacchanti. Te asaññattibalā anijjhattibalā appaṭinissaggamantino tameva adhikaraṇaṃ thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharanti – ‘idameva saccaṃ moghamaññan’ti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhammavādinī parisā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, dhammavādinī parisā? Idha, bhikkhave, yassaṃ parisāyaṃ bhikkhū adhikaraṇaṃ ādiyanti dhammikaṃ vā adhammikaṃ vā. Te taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ādiyitvā aññamaññaṃ saññāpenti ceva saññattiñca upagacchanti, nijjhāpenti ceva nijjhattiñca upagacchanti. Te saññattibalā nijjhattibalā paṭinissaggamantino, na tameva adhikaraṇaṃ thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharanti– ‘idameva saccaṃ moghamaññan’ti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhammavādinī parisā. Imā kho, bhikkhave, dve parisā. Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imāsaṃ dvinnaṃ parisānaṃ yadidaṃ dhammavādinī parisā”ti.

　　 Parisavaggo pañcamo.

　　 Tassuddānaṃ–

　　 Uttānā vaggā aggavatī, ariyā kasaṭo ca pañcamo;

　　 Okkācita-āmisañceva, visamā adhammādhammiyena cāti.

　　 Paṭhamo paṇṇāsako samatto.

2. Dutiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ

(6) 1. Puggalavaggo

53

　　 53. “Dveme bhikkhave, puggalā loke uppajjamānā uppajjanti bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya, bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katame dve? Tathāgato ca arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, rājā ca cakkavattī. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve puggalā loke uppajjamānā uppajjanti bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya, bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānan”ti.

54

　　 54. “Dveme, bhikkhave, puggalā loke uppajjamānā uppajjanti acchariyamanussā. Katame dve? Tathāgato ca arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, rājā ca cakkavattī. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve puggalā loke uppajjamānā uppajjanti acchariyamanussā”ti.

55

　　 55. “Dvinnaṃ, bhikkhave, puggalānaṃ kālakiriyā bahuno janassa anutappā hoti. Katamesaṃ dvinnaṃ? Tathāgatassa ca arahato sammāsambuddhassa, rañño ca cakkavattissa. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ kālakiriyā bahuno janassa anutappā hotī”ti.

56

　　56. “Dveme, bhikkhave, thūpārahā. Katame dve? Tathāgato ca arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, rājā ca cakkavattī. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve thūpārahā”ti.

57

　　 57. “Dveme, bhikkhave, buddhā. Katame dve? Tathāgato ca arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, paccekabuddho ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve buddhā”ti.

58

　　 58. “Dveme bhikkhave, asaniyā phalantiyā na santasanti. Katame dve? Bhikkhu ca khīṇāsavo, hatthājānīyo ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve asaniyā phalantiyā na santasantī”ti.

59

　　 59. “Dveme, bhikkhave, asaniyā phalantiyā na santasanti. Katame dve? Bhikkhu ca khīṇāsavo, assājānīyo ca. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve asaniyā phalantiyā na santasantī”ti.

60

　　 60. “Dveme bhikkhave, asaniyā phalantiyā na santasanti. Katame dve? Bhikkhu ca khīṇāsavo, sīho ca migarājā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve asaniyā phalantiyā na santasantī”ti.

61

　　 61. “Dveme, bhikkhave, atthavase sampassamānā kiṃpurisā mānusiṃ vācaṃ na bhāsanti. Katame dve? Mā ca musā bhaṇimhā, mā ca paraṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhimhāti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve atthavase sampassamānā kiṃpurisā mānusiṃ vācaṃ na bhāsantī”ti.

62

　　 62. “Dvinnaṃ dhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, atitto appaṭivāno mātugāmo kālaṃ karoti. Katamesaṃ dvinnaṃ? Methunasamāpattiyā ca vijāyanassa ca. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dvinnaṃ dhammānaṃ atitto appaṭivāno mātugāmo kālaṃ karotī”ti.

63

　　 63. “Asantasannivāsañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi santasannivāsañca. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, asantasannivāso hoti, kathañca asanto sannivasanti? Idha, bhikkhave, therassa bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti– ‘theropi maṃ na vadeyya, majjhimopi maṃ na vadeyya, navopi maṃ na vadeyya; therampāhaṃ na vadeyyaṃ, majjhimampāhaṃ na vadeyyaṃ, navampāhaṃ na vadeyyaṃ. Thero cepi maṃ vadeyya ahitānukampī maṃ vadeyya no hitānukampī, noti naṃ vadeyyaṃ viheṭheyyaṃ passampissa nappaṭikareyyaṃ. Majjhimo cepi maṃ vadeyya …pe… navo cepi maṃ vadeyya ahitānukampī maṃ vadeyya no hitānukampī, noti naṃ vadeyyaṃ viheṭheyyaṃ passampissa nappaṭikareyyaṃ’ Majjhimassapi bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti …pe… navassapi bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti– ‘theropi maṃ na vadeyya, majjhimopi maṃ na vadeyya, navopi maṃ na vadeyya; therampāhaṃ na vadeyyaṃ, majjhimampāhaṃ na vadeyyaṃ, navampāhaṃ na vadeyyaṃ. Thero cepi maṃ vadeyya ahitānukampī maṃ vadeyya no hitānukampī noti naṃ vadeyyaṃ viheṭheyyaṃ passampissa nappaṭikareyyaṃ. Majjhimo cepi maṃ vadeyya …pe… navo cepi maṃ vadeyya ahitānukampī maṃ vadeyya no hitānukampī, noti naṃ vadeyyaṃ viheṭheyyaṃ passampissa nappaṭikareyyaṃ’. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asantasannivāso hoti, evañca asanto sannivasanti.

　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, santasannivāso hoti, kathañca santo sannivasanti? Idha, bhikkhave, therassa bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti– ‘theropi maṃ vadeyya, majjhimopi maṃ vadeyya, navopi maṃ vadeyya; therampāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, majjhimampāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, navampāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ. Thero cepi maṃ vadeyya hitānukampī maṃ vadeyya no ahitānukampī, sādhūti naṃ vadeyyaṃ na viheṭheyyaṃ passampissa paṭikareyyaṃ. Majjhimo cepi maṃ vadeyya …pe… navo cepi maṃ vadeyya hitānukampī maṃ vadeyya no ahitānukampī, sādhūti naṃ vadeyyaṃ na naṃ viheṭheyyaṃ passampissa paṭikareyyaṃ’. Majjhimassapi bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti …pe… navassapi bhikkhuno evaṃ hoti– ‘theropi maṃ vadeyya, majjhimopi maṃ vadeyya, navopi maṃ vadeyya; therampāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, majjhimampāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, navampāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ. Thero cepi maṃ vadeyya hitānukampī maṃ vadeyya no ahitānukampī, sādhūti naṃ vadeyyaṃ na naṃ viheṭheyyaṃ passampissa paṭikareyyaṃ. Majjhimo cepi maṃ vadeyya …pe… navo cepi maṃ vadeyya hitānukampī maṃ vadeyya no ahitānukampī, sādhūti naṃ vadeyyaṃ na naṃ viheṭheyyaṃ passampissa paṭikareyyaṃ’. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, santasannivāso hoti, evañca santo sannivasantī”ti.

64

　　 64. “Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇe ubhato vacīsaṃsāro diṭṭhipaḷāso cetaso āghāto appaccayo anabhiraddhi ajjhattaṃ avūpasantaṃ hoti, tasmetaṃ, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇe pāṭikaṅkhaṃ– ‘dīghattāya kharattāya vāḷattāya saṃvattissati, bhikkhū ca na phāsuṃ viharissanti’. Yasmiñca kho, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇe ubhato vacīsaṃsāro diṭṭhipaḷāso cetaso āghāto appaccayo anabhiraddhi ajjhattaṃ suvūpasantaṃ hoti, tasmetaṃ, bhikkhave, adhikaraṇe pāṭikaṅkhaṃ– ‘na dīghattāya kharattāya vāḷattāya saṃvattissati, bhikkhū ca phāsuṃ viharissantī’”ti.

　　 Puggalavaggo paṭhamo.