相应部35相应74经到75经, 第一病经,第二病经
8. 病品
74 第一病经
起源于舍卫城。
那时,有一位比丘来到世尊面前,(中略)在一旁坐下后,那位比丘对世尊说道:
"世尊,在某住处有一位比丘,他是新出家的、不知名的,生了病,痛苦,病得很重。世尊,请世尊出于慈悲,前去看望那位比丘吧。"
那时,世尊听到"新出家"和"生病"的消息后,知道"这是一位不知名的比丘",便前往那位比丘处。
那位比丘远远地看见世尊走来,看见后便想在床上起身。
于是世尊对那位比丘说道:
"够了,比丘,你不要在床上起身。这里有准备好的座位,我将坐在那里。"
世尊便在准备好的座位上坐下。坐下后,世尊对那位比丘说道:
"比丘,你还受得了吗?你还过得去吗?苦受在减退而不是在增长吗?能看出它们在减退而不是在增长吗?"
"世尊,我受不了,我过不去。我的苦受剧烈地增长而不是在减退,能看出它们在增长而不是在减退。"
"比丘,你没有什么追悔吗?没有什么懊悔吗?"
"世尊,确实我有不少的追悔,有不少的懊悔。"
"那么,比丘,你自己在戒行方面有所责备吗?"
"世尊,我自己在戒行方面并没有什么可责备的。"
"比丘,如果你自己在戒行方面没有什么可责备的,那你追悔什么?懊悔什么呢?"
"世尊,我并不认为世尊所说的法是以戒清净为目的的。"
"比丘,如果你不认为我所说的法是以戒清净为目的的,那你认为我所说的法是以什么为目的的呢?"
"世尊,我认为世尊所说的法是以离贪为目的的。"
"善哉,善哉,比丘!比丘,你认为我所说的法是以离贪为目的的,这很好。比丘,我所说的法确实是以离贪为目的的。"
"比丘,你认为如何?眼是常的还是无常的?"
"无常的,世尊。"
"凡是无常的,(中略)耳……鼻……舌……身……意是常的还是无常的?"
"无常的,世尊。"
"凡是无常的,是苦的还是乐的?"
"是苦的,世尊。"
"凡是无常的、苦的、变化之法,适合这样去看待它吗——'这是我的,这是我,这是我的自我'?"
"不,世尊,这是不适合的。"
"比丘,如此看的多闻圣弟子,对眼也厌离,对耳也厌离,(中略)对意也厌离。厌离后则离贪;离贪后则解脱;解脱时有'已解脱'的智慧。他了知:'生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此后有。'"
世尊说了这些话。那位比丘欢喜地信受了世尊所说的话。
而且,当此解说正在被宣说时,那位比丘生起了远离尘垢、离诸污染的法眼——"凡是有集起之法的,一切都是有灭尽之法的。"
第一经。
75 第二病经
那时,有一位比丘(中略)对世尊说道:
"世尊,在某住处有一位比丘,他是新出家的、不知名的,生了病,痛苦,病得很重。世尊,请世尊出于慈悲,前去看望那位比丘吧。"
那时,世尊听到"新出家"和"生病"的消息后,知道"这是一位不知名的比丘",便前往那位比丘处。
那位比丘远远地看见世尊走来,看见后便想在床上起身。
于是世尊对那位比丘说道:
"够了,比丘,你不要在床上起身。这里有准备好的座位,我将坐在那里。"
世尊便在准备好的座位上坐下。坐下后,世尊对那位比丘说道:
"比丘,你还受得了吗?你还过得去吗?苦受在减退而不是在增长吗?能看出它们在减退而不是在增长吗?"
"世尊,我受不了,我过不去。"(中略)"世尊,我自己在戒行方面并没有什么可责备的。"
"比丘,如果你自己在戒行方面没有什么可责备的,那你追悔什么?懊悔什么呢?"
"世尊,我并不认为世尊所说的法是以戒清净为目的的。"
"比丘,如果你不认为我所说的法是以戒清净为目的的,那你认为我所说的法是以什么为目的的呢?"
"世尊,我认为世尊所说的法是以无取著般涅槃为目的的。"
"善哉,善哉,比丘!比丘,你认为我所说的法是以无取著般涅槃为目的的,这很好。比丘,我所说的法确实是以无取著般涅槃为目的的。"
"比丘,你认为如何?眼是常的还是无常的?"
"无常的,世尊。"
"凡是无常的,(中略)耳……鼻……舌……身……意……意识……意触……凡是以意触为缘所生起的受——乐受、苦受或不苦不乐受,那也是常的还是无常的?"
"无常的,世尊。"
"凡是无常的,是苦的还是乐的?"
"是苦的,世尊。"
"凡是无常的、苦的、变化之法,适合这样去看待它吗——'这是我的,这是我,这是我的自我'?"
"不,世尊,这是不适合的。"
"比丘,如此看的多闻圣弟子,对眼也厌离,(中略)对意也……对意识也……对意触也厌离。凡是以意触为缘所生起的受——乐受、苦受或不苦不乐受,对那也厌离。厌离后则离贪;离贪后则解脱;解脱时有'已解脱'的智慧。他了知:'生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此后有。'"
世尊说了这些话。那位比丘欢喜地信受了世尊所说的话。
而且,当此解说正在被宣说时,那位比丘的心通过不执取而从诸漏中解脱了。
第二经。
巴利语原版经文
8. Gilānavaggo
SN.35.74/(1). Paṭhamagilānasuttaṃ
74. Sāvatthinidānaṃ Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “amukasmiṃ, bhante, vihāre aññataro bhikkhu navo appaññāto ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā”ti.
Atha kho bhagavā navavādañca sutvā gilānavādañca, “appaññāto bhikkhū”ti iti viditvā yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna mañcake samadhosi. Atha kho bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca– “alaṃ, bhikkhu, mā tvaṃ mañcake samadhosi. Santimāni āsanāni paññattāni, tatthāhaṃ nisīdissāmī”ti. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca– “kacci te, bhikkhu, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti no abhikkamanti, paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no abhikkamo”ti?
“Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ, bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti no paṭikkamanti, abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no paṭikkamo”ti.
“Kacci te, bhikkhu, na kiñci kukkuccaṃ, na koci vippaṭisāro”ti?
“Taggha me, bhante, anappakaṃ kukkuccaṃ, anappako vippaṭisāro”ti.
“Kacci pana taṃ, bhikkhu, attā sīlato upavadatī”ti?
“Na kho maṃ, bhante, attā sīlato upavadatī”ti.
“No ce kira te, bhikkhu, attā sīlato upavadati, atha kiñca te kukkuccaṃ ko ca vippaṭisāro”ti?
“Na khvāhaṃ bhante, sīlavisuddhatthaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmī”ti .
“No ce kira tvaṃ, bhikkhu, sīlavisuddhatthaṃ mayā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāsi, atha kimatthaṃ carahi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāsī”ti?
“Rāgavirāgatthaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmī”ti.
“Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, rāgavirāgatthaṃ mayā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāsi. Rāgavirāgattho hi, bhikkhu, mayā dhammo desito. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi bhikkhu, cakkhu niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti?
“Aniccaṃ, bhante”.
“Yaṃ …pe… sotaṃ… ghānaṃ… jivhā… kāyo… mano nicco vā anicco vā”ti?
“Anicco, bhante”.
“Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā”ti?
“Dukkhaṃ, bhante”.
“Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ– ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti?
“No hetaṃ, bhante”.
“Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusmimpi nibbindati, sotasmimpi nibbindati …pe… manasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī”ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi. Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne tassa bhikkhuno virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi– “yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
SN.35.75/(2). Dutiyagilānasuttaṃ
75. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu …pe… bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “amukasmiṃ, bhante, vihāre aññataro bhikkhu navo appaññāto ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā”ti.
Atha kho bhagavā navavādañca sutvā gilānavādañca, “appaññāto bhikkhū”ti iti viditvā yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna mañcake samadhosi. Atha kho bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca– “alaṃ, bhikkhu, mā tvaṃ mañcake samadhosi. Santimāni āsanāni paññattāni, tatthāhaṃ nisīdissāmī”ti. Nisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca– “kacci te, bhikkhu, khamanīyaṃ, kacci yāpanīyaṃ, kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti no abhikkamanti, paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no abhikkamo”ti?
“Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ …pe… na kho maṃ, bhante, attā sīlato upavadatī”ti.
“No ce kira te, bhikkhu, attā sīlato upavadati, atha kiñca te kukkuccaṃ ko ca vippaṭisāro”ti?
“Na khvāhaṃ, bhante, sīlavisuddhatthaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmī”ti.
“No ce kira tvaṃ, bhikkhu, sīlavisuddhatthaṃ mayā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāsi, atha kimatthaṃ carahi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mayā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāsī”ti?
“Anupādāparinibbānatthaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmī”ti.
“Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, anupādāparinibbānatthaṃ mayā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāsi. Anupādāparinibbānattho hi, bhikkhu, mayā dhammo desito.
“Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, bhikkhu, cakkhu niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti?
“Aniccaṃ bhante”.
“Yaṃ …pe… sotaṃ… ghānaṃ… jivhā… kāyo… mano… manoviññāṇaṃ… manosamphasso… yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tampi niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti?
“Aniccaṃ, bhante”.
“Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā”ti?
“Dukkhaṃ, bhante”.
“Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ– ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti?
“No hetaṃ, bhante”.
“Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhu, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusmimpi nibbindati …pe… manasmimpi… manoviññāṇepi… manosamphassepi nibbindati. Yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedayitaṃ sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā tasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī”ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi. Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne tassa bhikkhussa anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccīti. Dutiyaṃ.