长部3经/阿摩昼经(戒蕴品[第一])

【序分】

如是我闻，一时世尊与五百大比丘众在憍萨罗国游行，来到憍萨罗国的婆罗门村伊车能伽罗。世尊住在伊车能伽罗林中。

【婆罗门波克卡拉萨提】

当时，婆罗门波克卡拉萨提住在郁伽罗城。这是一个繁荣富庶之地，水草丰美，粮食充足，是拘萨罗国王波斯匿赐予他的封地。

波克卡拉萨提听说："沙门瞿昙，释迦族人，从释迦族出家，与五百大比丘众在憍萨罗国游行，来到伊车能伽罗，住在伊车能伽罗林中。关于这位乔达摩有如此美名：'他是阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。'他以自己的智慧证悟并宣说这包含天、魔、梵天、沙门、婆罗门、天、人等世界。他所说法初善、中善、后善，文义具足，开显清净梵行。见到这样的阿罗汉是好事。"

【年轻婆罗门安玻吒】

当时，波克卡拉萨提有一个弟子名叫安玻吒，是一个年轻的婆罗门。他精通三吠陀，通晓词章训诂、声明及古传记，善于文字解释和世间大人相学。他自称在老师的三吠陀教法中"我所知道的，你也知道；你所知道的，我也知道"。

【波克卡拉萨提派遣安玻吒】

波克卡拉萨提对安玻吒说："亲爱的安玻吒，这位沙门瞿昙，释迦族人，从释迦族出家，与五百大比丘众在憍萨罗国游行，来到伊车能伽罗，住在伊车能伽罗林中。关于这位乔达摩有如此美名...(略述上文)。你去见沙门瞿昙，看看他是否如传闻中那样，是否真有如此功德。这样我们就能知道他的真实情况。"

安玻吒问道："老师，我如何能知道沙门瞿昙是否如传闻中那样？"

波克卡拉萨提回答说："安玻吒，我们的经典中记载有三十二大人相。具有这些相好的人只有两种去向：若在家，必成为转轮圣王，以正法治世，统领四方；若出家，必成为阿罗汉、正等正觉者。我是这些经典的传授者，你是接受者。"

【安玻吒拜访佛陀】 

安玻吒应允后，乘坐马车与众多年轻婆罗门前往伊车能伽罗林。到达后，他步行进入园林。当时有许多比丘在露地经行，安玻吒走近问道："现在瞿昙尊者在哪里？我们来此是想拜见他。"

那些比丘心想："这个安玻吒是著名家族的子弟，也是著名婆罗门波克卡拉萨提的弟子。世尊与这样的善男子交谈是适当的。"于是告诉他："那边是住处，门是关着的。你轻轻地走过去，进入走廊，咳嗽一声，敲门，世尊会为你开门。"

【安玻吒无礼的表现】

安玻吒走到住处，进入走廊，咳嗽一声，敲门。世尊开了门。安玻吒进去，其他年轻婆罗门也跟着进去，向世尊问候，互相寒暄后坐在一旁。但安玻吒却一边走动一边与坐着的世尊交谈，或站着与坐着的世尊交谈。

世尊对安玻吒说："安玻吒，你是否也是这样与年长的婆罗门长者们交谈的？就像现在你走着、站着与我坐着说话一样？"

【第一次辱骂释迦族】

安玻吒回答说："不是的，乔达摩！婆罗门应该与走着的婆罗门一起走着说话，与站着的婆罗门一起站着说话，与坐着的婆罗门一起坐着说话，与躺着的婆罗门一起躺着说话。但对那些卑贱的光头沙门，黑种姓，由梵天足所生的人，我就像现在这样与他们说话。"

世尊说："安玻吒，你来此必有目的。你应该好好思考你的目的。这个不懂礼貌的安玻吒自以为有教养，其实是因为没有教养才这样。"

安玻吒因被世尊说是不懂礼貌而生气，不悦，想要贬低、轻视、诽谤世尊，就说："释迦族粗暴，释迦族凶狠，释迦族轻浮，释迦族喋喋不休。他们是贱民却不尊重婆罗门，不恭敬婆罗门，不尊重婆罗门，不供养婆罗门，不礼敬婆罗门。这是不合适的，这是不恰当的！"

这是安玻吒第一次辱骂释迦族，称他们为贱民。

【第二次辱骂释迦族】

世尊问道："安玻吒，释迦族怎么得罪你了？"

安玻吒回答："有一次，我为老师波克卡拉萨提办事去迦毗罗卫城，来到释迦族的集会堂。当时有许多释迦族人和释迦族王子坐在高座上，互相用手指戳着，大声嬉笑。我觉得他们是在嘲笑我，没有人请我就座。这是不合适的，这是不恰当的，这些贱民释迦族不尊重婆罗门，不恭敬婆罗门，不尊重婆罗门，不供养婆罗门，不礼敬婆罗门！"

这是安玻吒第二次辱骂释迦族，称他们为贱民。

【第三次辱骂释迦族】

世尊说："安玻吒，就像小鸟在自己的巢中也会叫，迦毗罗卫城是释迦族的地方。因为这点小事你就生气不合适。"

安玻吒说："乔达摩，有四个种姓：刹帝利、婆罗门、吠舍、首陀罗。其中三个种姓 - 刹帝利、吠舍、首陀罗都是婆罗门的仆人。这些贱民释迦族不尊重婆罗门，不恭敬婆罗门，不尊重婆罗门，不供养婆罗门，不礼敬婆罗门，这是不合适的，这是不恰当的！"

这是安玻吒第三次辱骂释迦族，称他们为贱民。

【揭露安玻吒的身世】

这时，世尊想："这个安玻吒一再严厉地辱骂释迦族为贱民，我应该问问他的种姓。"于是问道："安玻吒，你是什么种姓？"

"我是甘哈衍那种姓。"

【释迦族的起源】

世尊说："安玻吒，如果追溯你母系家族的姓氏，释迦族人是主人，而你是释迦族的婢女之子。释迦族人认为大王甲伽王是他们的祖先。"

"从前，甲伽王很喜爱一位王后，想要把王位传给她的儿子，就把长子们驱逐出国 - 甲伽目柯、迦罗甘德、象头、新苏罗。这些王子被逐出国后，住在雪山边一个大沙罗树林中的莲池旁。为了保持种族的纯净，他们与自己的亲姐妹通婚。"

"大王甲伽问大臣们：'王子们现在住在哪里？'大臣们回答：'大王，他们住在雪山边一个大沙罗树林中的莲池旁。他们为了保持种族纯净，与自己的亲姐妹通婚。'甲伽王感叹道：'王子们真是释迦(能干)啊！'从此以后，他们就被称为释迦族，这是他们种族的开始。"

【安玻吒的祖先】

"甲伽王有一个名叫提沙的婢女，她生下一个黑皮肤的孩子。这个黑婴儿一出生就说：'妈妈，给我洗澡，给我沐浴，让我摆脱这不净，我会给你带来利益。'就像现在人们看到恶魔就说'这是恶魔'，那时人们看到黑婴儿就说'这是恶魔'。人们说：'这个一出生就会说话，黑皮肤出生，恶魔出生！'从此以后，甘哈衍那族就这样开始了，他就是甘哈衍那族的祖先。"

"这样，安玻吒，如果追溯你母系家族的姓氏，释迦族人是主人，而你是释迦族的婢女之子。"

【年轻婆罗门们的反应】

听到这番话，那些年轻婆罗门对世尊说："请不要这样严厉地称呼安玻吒为婢女之子。安玻吒生于良好家族，多闻博学，善于言辞，是位智者，完全能够与乔达摩讨论这些事。"

世尊对年轻婆罗门们说："如果你们认为'安玻吒出身低贱，非良家子，学识浅薄，言语粗鄙，愚钝，不能与沙门乔达摩讨论这些事'，那就让安玻吒退下，你们来与我讨论。但如果你们认为'安玻吒生于良好家族，多闻博学，善于言辞，是位智者，能够与沙门乔达摩讨论这些事'，那你们就退下，让安玻吒与我讨论。"

年轻婆罗门们说："安玻吒生于良好家族，多闻博学，善于言辞，是位智者，能够与乔达摩尊者讨论这些事。我们将保持沉默，让安玻吒与乔达摩尊者讨论。"

【向安玻吒提问】

世尊对安玻吒说："安玻吒，我现在要问你一个合理的问题。如果你不回答，或转移话题，或保持沉默，或离开此处，你的头将分裂成七片。你从年长的婆罗门师长那里听说过，甘哈衍那族是从何处来的？谁是甘哈衍那族的祖先？"

【安玻吒的沉默】

安玻吒听到这个问题后保持沉默。世尊第二次问他这同样的问题，他还是保持沉默。世尊就告诉他："安玻吒，现在你必须回答。这不是保持沉默的时候。如果有人被如来问到第三次合理的问题还不回答，他的头将分裂成七片。"

【金刚手夜叉的出现】

那时，持金刚杵的夜叉手持着一个巨大的、燃烧着的、发光的铁杵，站在安玻吒上空，想着："如果这个安玻吒被世尊问到第三次还不回答这个合理的问题，我就把他的头分成七片。"只有世尊和安玻吒能看见这个持金刚杵的夜叉。

安玻吒感到恐惧、惊慌、毛骨悚然，只能寻求世尊的庇护、避难和保护。他走近世尊坐下说："世尊说什么？请再说一遍。"

【安玻吒的承认】

世尊重复问道："你从年长的婆罗门师长那里听说过，甘哈衍那族是从何处来的？谁是甘哈衍那族的祖先？"

安玻吒回答说："是的，乔达摩尊者，正如您所说的那样。正是从那里开始的，他就是甘哈衍那族的祖先。"

【年轻婆罗门们的反应】

听到这话，那些年轻婆罗门大声喊叫说："原来安玻吒真的出身低贱，不是良家子，是释迦族的婢女之子，释迦族人是安玻吒的主人。我们错看了沙门乔达摩，以为可以贬低他。"

【佛陀为安玻吒解围】

世尊见到这些年轻婆罗门过分贬低安玻吒，就想要解救他，于是对年轻婆罗门们说：

"年轻人们，不要过分贬低安玻吒是婢女之子。那位甘哈(黑)仙人是一位伟大的仙人。他到南方地区学习婆罗门咒语后，来见甲伽王，请求娶他的女儿摩达卢毗。甲伽王愤怒地说：'这个婢女之子竟敢要求娶我的女儿！'便拿起利箭，但既不能射出，也不能收回。"

"当时，大臣们去见甘哈仙人说：'尊者，愿国王平安！'仙人说：'国王会平安的，但如果他把箭向下射，整个国土都会下陷。''尊者，愿国王和国土平安！'仙人又说：'国王和国土会平安的，但如果他把箭向上射，七年内天不会下雨。''尊者，愿国王和国土平安，也愿天能下雨！''国王和国土会平安，天也会下雨，但让国王把箭对准太子，太子会安然无恙。'"

"大臣们告诉国王这些话，甲伽王就把箭对准太子，太子果然安然无恙。国王因此恐惧战栗，被神圣的力量震慑，就把女儿嫁给了甘哈。所以年轻人们，不要过分贬低安玻吒是婢女之子，那位甘哈仙人是一位伟大的仙人。"

【论种姓的优劣】

然后世尊问安玻吒："你觉得如何？如果一个刹帝利青年与婆罗门女子结合生子，这个孩子能在婆罗门中获得座位和水吗？"

"能够，乔达摩尊者。"

"婆罗门们会请他参加祭祀、丧礼、斋供和宴会吗？"

"会的，乔达摩尊者。"

"婆罗门会教他咒语吗？"

"会的，乔达摩尊者。"

"他在选择妻子时会受到限制吗？"

"不会受到限制，乔达摩尊者。"

"刹帝利们会给他刹帝利的灌顶礼吗？"

"不会，乔达摩尊者。"

"为什么呢？"

"因为他母亲方面不合格。"

"那么，如果一个婆罗门青年与刹帝利女子结合生子，这个孩子能在婆罗门中获得座位和水吗？"

"能够，乔达摩尊者。"

"婆罗门们会请他参加祭祀、丧礼、斋供和宴会吗？"

"会的，乔达摩尊者。"

"婆罗门会教他咒语吗？"

"会的，乔达摩尊者。"

"他在选择妻子时会受到限制吗？"

"不会受到限制，乔达摩尊者。"

"刹帝利们会给他刹帝利的灌顶礼吗？"

"不会，乔达摩尊者。"

"为什么呢？"

"因为他父亲方面不合格。"

【刹帝利种姓的优越性】

"这样看来，安玻吒，无论从男方还是女方来比较，刹帝利都是优越的，婆罗门是低劣的。再想想看，如果婆罗门因某种过错被剃光头发，用灰袋打了一顿，被驱逐出国或城市，他还能在婆罗门中获得座位和水吗？"

"不能，乔达摩尊者。"

"婆罗门会请他参加祭祀、丧礼、斋供和宴会吗？"

"不会，乔达摩尊者。"

"婆罗门会教他咒语吗？"

"不会，乔达摩尊者。"

"他在选择妻子时会受到限制吗？"

"会受到限制，乔达摩尊者。"

"但是安玻吒，如果刹帝利因某种过错被剃光头发，用灰袋打了一顿，被驱逐出国或城市，他还能在婆罗门中获得座位和水吗？"

"能够，乔达摩尊者。"

"婆罗门会请他参加祭祀、丧礼、斋供和宴会吗？"

"会的，乔达摩尊者。"

"婆罗门会教他咒语吗？"

"会的，乔达摩尊者。"

"他在选择妻子时会受到限制吗？"

"不会受到限制，乔达摩尊者。"

【刹帝利的最高地位】

"这样看来，安玻吒，即使刹帝利降到最低的地位，被剃光头发、用灰袋打了一顿、被驱逐出国，他仍然是最优越的，婆罗门是低劣的。这是梵天常童子所说的偈颂：

'在追求种姓的人中，刹帝利最为殊胜，

具足明行者，在天人中最为殊胜。'

这偈颂唱得好，不是唱得不好；说得对，不是说得不对；有意义，不是无意义。我也认可它。安玻吒，我也这样说：

'在追求种姓的人中，刹帝利最为殊胜，

具足明行者，在天人中最为殊胜。'"

【明行的内容】

安玻吒问道："乔达摩尊者，什么是行？什么是明？"

世尊答道："安玻吒，当谈到无上明行时，不应该问出身、姓氏，或说'你配不配与我相配'。在那里谈婚论嫁，涉及婚姻关系时，才讨论出身、姓氏。凡是执着于出身、姓氏、傲慢、婚姻关系的人，都远离无上明行的成就。放弃对出身、姓氏、傲慢、婚姻的执着，才能证得无上明行。"

【详述明行的内容】

安玻吒又问："那么，乔达摩尊者，什么是行？什么是明？"

世尊回答说："安玻吒，如来出现于世间，是阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。他以自己的智慧证悟并宣说这包含天、魔、梵天、沙门、婆罗门、天、人等世界。他所说法初善、中善、后善，文义具足，开显清净梵行。

居士或居士子或其他种姓的人听闻此法，生起信心。他以此信心思维...(中略)...

他远离欲望，远离不善法，有寻有伺，具足由离生起的喜乐，进入初禅...这是他的行。

更进一步，安玻吒，比丘平息寻伺，内心宁静，心专注一境，无寻无伺，具足由定生起的喜乐，进入第二禅...这是他的行。

更进一步，安玻吒，比丘离喜，住于舍，具念正知，以身感受乐，如圣者所说的'具念住于乐'，进入第三禅...这是他的行。

更进一步，安玻吒，比丘断乐断苦，先前的喜忧已灭，不苦不乐，具足舍念清净，进入第四禅...这是他的行。这就是行。

【明的内容】

"当他的心这样专注、清净、明亮、无垢、离染、柔软、适业、稳固、不动时，他引导其心趣向智见...(中略)...他了知：'不再有未来的轮回'。这是他的明。这就是明。

安玻吒，这就称为比丘'具足明'也'具足行'，也'具足明行'。除此明行成就外，再没有比这更高或更殊胜的明行成就了。"

【四种堕落之道】

"安玻吒，在这无上明行中有四种堕落之道。什么是四种？

第一，有些沙门或婆罗门不能证得这无上明行，就拿着水瓶进入森林，以食用野果为生。这只是成为具足明行者的侍者而已。这是第一种堕落之道。

第二，有些沙门或婆罗门不能证得这无上明行，也不能靠野果生活，就拿着锄头和筐子进入森林，以食用根茎果实为生。这只是成为具足明行者的侍者而已。这是第二种堕落之道。

第三，有些沙门或婆罗门不能证得这无上明行，也不能靠野果和根茎果实生活，就在村落或城市附近建立火坛供奉火神。这只是成为具足明行者的侍者而已。这是第三种堕落之道。

"第四，有些沙门或婆罗门不能证得这无上明行，也不能靠野果、根茎果实生活，也不能供奉火神，就在四衢道建立四门房舍，说：'从这四方来的沙门或婆罗门，我都会尽力供养。'这只是成为具足明行者的侍者而已。这是第四种堕落之道。"

【质问安玻吒】

"安玻吒，你认为如何？你和你的老师是否具足这无上明行？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。我和我的老师与无上明行相去甚远。"

"那么，安玻吒，你和你的老师不能证得这无上明行，是否拿着水瓶进入森林，以食用野果为生？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

"你们是否拿着锄头和筐子进入森林，以食用根茎果实为生？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

"你们是否在村落或城市附近建立火坛供奉火神？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

"你们是否在四衢道建立四门房舍，供养四方来的沙门婆罗门？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

【佛陀的总结】

"这样看来，安玻吒，你和你的老师不仅没有证得无上明行，连这四种堕落之道也做不到。然而你的老师波克卡拉萨提却说：'这些卑贱的光头沙门，黑种姓，由梵天足所生的人，怎能与精通三明的婆罗门谈论法义？'而他自己连最低层的修行也做不到。看看你的老师犯了多大的错误啊！"

【论波克卡拉萨提的地位】

"安玻吒，波克卡拉萨提从拘萨罗国王那里领受俸禄，但国王甚至不亲自接见他。当需要商议时，只隔着帘子交谈。为什么国王不亲自接见一个应该获得如法供养的人呢？看看你的老师犯了多大的错误啊！"

【比喻国王的地位】

"安玻吒，你觉得如何？假如拘萨罗国王在象背上、马背上或车座上与贵族大臣商议事情。如果他离开那个地方到一边去，然后来了一个首陀罗或首陀罗的奴隶，站在那个地方说：'拘萨罗国王是这样说的'，这样说话能算是国王说的话，能算是国王的商议吗？仅仅这样就能成为国王或王臣吗？"

"当然不能，乔达摩尊者。"

【论古代仙人】

"同样的，安玻吒，那些婆罗门古代的仙人们 - 如阿塔卡、瓦玛卡、瓦玛德瓦、毗湿密多、阎摩多祇、昂祇罗、婆罗豆瓦阇、婆私咤、迦叶、菩伽 - 是咒语的创造者和传诵者，现在的婆罗门仍在诵念和传诵他们创作的古老咒语。你说你和你的老师学习这些咒语，但这并不意味着你就是仙人或走在成为仙人的道路上。"

"安玻吒，你听说过古代婆罗门长老们是怎么说的吗？这些古代仙人是否像你和你的老师现在这样沐浴擦香、修饰头发胡须、戴着珠宝装饰、穿着白衣、享受五欲之乐？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

"他们是否像你和你的老师现在这样享用精美的米饭，配以各种肉汤和调味料？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

"他们是否像你和你的老师现在这样，有穿着华丽衣服的女人服侍？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

"他们是否像你和你的老师现在这样，乘坐装饰华丽的马车，用长鞭驱赶？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

"他们是否像你和你的老师现在这样，住在设有壕沟、关闭城门的城堡里，由持剑卫士守卫？"

"不是的，乔达摩尊者。"

"这样看来，安玻吒，你和你的老师既不是仙人，也没有走在成为仙人的道路上。如果对我所说的有任何怀疑或疑惑，可以问我，我会为你解答。"

【观察三十二相】

这时，世尊从住处走出来在露地经行。安玻吒也跟着经行，趁机观察世尊身上的三十二大人相。他看到了大部分相好，但对其中两个相产生怀疑：马阴藏相和广长舌相。

世尊知道安玻吒的心意，就运用神通力让安玻吒看到马阴藏相。然后伸出舌头，舔到两耳，舔到两鼻孔，甚至用舌头覆盖整个前额。

这时安玻吒心想："沙门乔达摩确实具足三十二大人相，没有缺少。"他对世尊说："现在我们该走了，我们还有很多事要做。"

世尊说："你认为适当的时候就请便。"

于是安玻吒乘上马车离去。

【安玻吒回报老师】

当时，波克卡拉萨提婆罗门已经离开郁伽罗城，与众多婆罗门一起坐在自己的园林中等待安玻吒。安玻吒驾车到达园林，下车步行走向波克卡拉萨提，礼敬后坐在一旁。

波克卡拉萨提问道："孩子，你见到乔达摩了吗？"

"是的，我见到了乔达摩尊者。"

"他的名声是否名副其实？他是否真如传说的那样？"

"确实如此，他的名声是名副其实的，他就是那样的人，一点也不差。而且他具足三十二大人相，相好完备无缺。"

"你与沙门乔达摩有什么谈话吗？"

"有的，我与沙门乔达摩有一番谈话。"

"你们谈了些什么？"

安玻吒就把与世尊的整个对话经过都告诉了波克卡拉萨提。

【波克卡拉萨提的反应】

听完后，波克卡拉萨提恼怒地对安玻吒说："啊！我们的学者啊！我们的多闻者啊！我们的三明通达者啊！像你这样的人死后应该堕入恶道、恶趣！你一再冒犯世尊，所以他也一再数落我们。啊！我们的学者啊！我们的多闻者啊！我们的三明通达者啊！"

波克卡拉萨提愤怒不悦，用脚把安玻吒踢开，立刻就想去见世尊。

【波克卡拉萨提拜见佛陀】

那些婆罗门对波克卡拉萨提说："现在天色已晚，不适合去见沙门乔达摩，明天再去拜见吧。"

于是波克卡拉萨提在自己家中准备了精美的饮食，让人装在车上，点着火把从郁伽罗城出发，前往伊车能伽罗林。他乘车到达后，下车步行走向世尊。到达后，与世尊互相问候，寒暄后坐在一旁。

坐下后，波克卡拉萨提问世尊："尊者，我们的学生安玻吒来过这里吗？"

"是的，婆罗门，你的学生安玻吒来过这里。"

"你们有什么谈话吗？"

"有的，我们有一番谈话。"

"谈了些什么呢？"

世尊就把与安玻吒的整个谈话经过都告诉了波克卡拉萨提。听完后，波克卡拉萨提对世尊说："安玻吒是个愚人，请世尊原谅安玻吒。"

世尊说："愿安玻吒平安快乐。"

【波克卡拉萨提观察佛陀】

然后波克卡拉萨提开始观察世尊身上的三十二大人相。他看到了大部分相好，但对其中两个相产生怀疑：马阴藏相和广长舌相。

世尊知道波克卡拉萨提的心意，就运用神通力让他看到马阴藏相。然后伸出舌头，舔到两耳，舔到两鼻孔，甚至用舌头覆盖整个前额。

【波克卡拉萨提的领悟】

这时波克卡拉萨提心想："沙门乔达摩确实具足三十二大人相，没有缺少。"他邀请世尊说："请世尊和比丘僧团明天接受我的供养。"

世尊以沉默表示接受。波克卡拉萨提见世尊接受邀请，就告知时间说："时候到了，饭食已经准备好了。"

世尊在上午时分穿好衣服，拿着钵和衣，与比丘僧团一起去波克卡拉萨提的住处。到达后，坐在准备好的座位上。波克卡拉萨提亲自以精美的饮食供养世尊，年轻的婆罗门们则供养比丘僧团。

【波克卡拉萨提的开悟】

波克卡拉萨提见世尊用完餐，收钵洗手后，就拿了一个低矮的座位坐在一旁。

这时世尊为波克卡拉萨提循序渐进地说法：先讲布施的功德，持戒的功德，生天的福报；又说明欲望的过患、污秽、过错，以及出离的功德。当世尊知道波克卡拉萨提的心已经柔软、欣悦、无障碍、提升、净信时，就开示诸佛特有的教法：苦、集、灭、道。

就像清洁的白布容易染上颜色一样，波克卡拉萨提就在那座位上生起了清净无垢的法眼："一切有生之法，都必归于灭。"

【波克卡拉萨提皈依】

这时波克卡拉萨提已经见法、得法、知法、深入法，超越疑惑，断除犹豫，得到自信，不必依赖他人就能在佛陀教法中修行。他对世尊说：

"太殊胜了，乔达摩尊者！太殊胜了，乔达摩尊者！就像有人扶起倒下的东西，揭开遮蔽的东西，为迷路者指明道路，在黑暗中举起油灯，让有眼之人得见诸色。同样地，乔达摩尊者以种种方便开示教法。"

"我现在与儿子、妻子、眷属、大臣一起皈依世尊，皈依法，皈依比丘僧团。愿世尊接受我们为优婆塞（在家信众），从今日起直至命终皈依。就像世尊前往郁伽罗城拜访其他的优婆塞家庭一样，愿世尊也来访问波克卡拉萨提的家庭。那里的男女学生们会礼敬世尊，起身相迎，供养座位和水，心生欢喜。这将为他们带来长久的利益和快乐。"

世尊说："你说得很好，婆罗门。"

【经文结束】

这就是《阿摩昼经》（阿摩昼经），为第三经。

这部经文主要讲述了傲慢的年轻婆罗门安玻吒如何因轻视释迦族而受到佛陀的教诲，以及他的老师波克卡拉萨提最终如何认识到真理并皈依佛教的故事。通过这个故事，佛陀阐明了真正的高贵不在于出身，而在于道德修养和智慧证悟，同时也展示了如何以善巧方便引导不同根器的人走向正道。这部经典深刻揭示了佛教反对种姓制度、主张平等的思想。

巴利语原版经文

DN.3/(3) Ambaṭṭhasuttaṃ

　　 254. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi yena icchānaṅgalaṃ nāma kosalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe.

Pokkharasātivatthu

　　 255. Tena kho pana samayena brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti ukkaṭṭhaṃ ajjhāvasati sattussadaṃ satiṇakaṭṭhodakaṃ sadhaññaṃ rājabhoggaṃ raññā pasenadinā kosalena dinnaṃ rājadāyaṃ brahmadeyyaṃ. Assosi kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti– “samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi icchānaṅgalaṃ anuppatto icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ, sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī”ti.

Ambaṭṭhamāṇavo

　　 256. Tena kho pana samayena brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa ambaṭṭho nāma māṇavo antevāsī hoti ajjhāyako mantadharo tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ padako veyyākaraṇo lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo anuññātapaṭiññāto sake ācariyake tevijjake pāvacane “yamahaṃ jānāmi, taṃ tvaṃ jānāsi; yaṃ tvaṃ jānāsi tamahaṃ jānāmī”ti.

　　 257. Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi– “ayaṃ, tāta ambaṭṭha, samaṇo gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi icchānaṅgalaṃ anuppatto icchānaṅgale viharati icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍe. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘itipi so bhagavā, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ, sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotīti. Ehi tvaṃ tāta ambaṭṭha, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ jānāhi, yadi vā taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ tathāsantaṃyeva saddo abbhuggato, yadi vā no tathā. Yadi vā so bhavaṃ gotamo tādiso, yadi vā na tādiso, tathā mayaṃ taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ vedissāmā”ti.

　　 258. “Yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ, bho, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ jānissāmi– ‘yadi vā taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ tathāsantaṃyeva saddo abbhuggato, yadi vā no tathā. Yadi vā so bhavaṃ gotamo tādiso, yadi vā na tādiso’”ti?

　　 “Āgatāni kho, tāta ambaṭṭha, amhākaṃ mantesu dvattiṃsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveyeva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti. Seyyathidaṃ– cakkaratanaṃ, hatthiratanaṃ, assaratanaṃ, maṇiratanaṃ, itthiratanaṃ, gahapatiratanaṃ, pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado. Ahaṃ kho pana, tāta ambaṭṭha, mantānaṃ dātā; tvaṃ mantānaṃ paṭiggahetā”ti.

　　 259. “Evaṃ, bho”ti kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā brāhmaṇaṃ pokkharasātiṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā vaḷavārathamāruyha sambahulehi māṇavakehi saddhiṃ yena icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo tena pāyāsi. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova ārāmaṃ pāvisi. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū abbhokāse caṅkamanti. Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca– “kahaṃ nu kho, bho, etarahi so bhavaṃ gotamo viharati? Tañhi mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya idhūpasaṅkantā”ti.

　　 260. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi– “ayaṃ kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo abhiññātakolañño ceva abhiññātassa ca brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa antevāsī. Agaru kho pana bhagavato evarūpehi kulaputtehi saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo hotī”ti. Te ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavocuṃ– “eso ambaṭṭha vihāro saṃvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno āḷindaṃ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṃ ākoṭehi, vivarissati te bhagavā dvāran”ti.

　　 261. Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo yena so vihāro saṃvutadvāro, tena appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā ataramāno āḷindaṃ pavisitvā ukkāsitvā aggaḷaṃ ākoṭesi. Vivari bhagavā dvāraṃ. Pāvisi ambaṭṭho māṇavo. Māṇavakāpi pavisitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ambaṭṭho pana māṇavo caṅkamantopi nisinnena bhagavatā kañci kañci kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāreti, ṭhitopi nisinnena bhagavatā kiñci kiñci kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāreti.

　　 262. Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca– “evaṃ nu te, ambaṭṭha, brāhmaṇehi vuddhehi mahallakehi ācariyapācariyehi saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo hoti, yathayidaṃ caraṃ tiṭṭhaṃ nisinnena mayā kiñci kiñci kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretī”ti?

Paṭhama-ibbhavādo

　　 263. “No hidaṃ, bho gotama. Gacchanto vā hi, bho gotama, gacchantena brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇena saddhiṃ sallapitumarahati, ṭhito vā hi, bho gotama, ṭhitena brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇena saddhiṃ sallapitumarahati, nisinno vā hi, bho gotama, nisinnena brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇena saddhiṃ sallapitumarahati, sayāno vā hi, bho gotama, sayānena brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇena saddhiṃ sallapitumarahati. Ye ca kho te, bho gotama, muṇḍakā samaṇakā ibbhā kaṇhā bandhupādāpaccā, tehipi me saddhiṃ evaṃ kathāsallāpo hoti, yathariva bhotā gotamenā”ti. “Atthikavato kho pana te, ambaṭṭha, idhāgamanaṃ ahosi, yāyeva kho panatthāya āgaccheyyātha, tameva atthaṃ sādhukaṃ manasi kareyyātha. Avusitavāyeva kho pana bho ayaṃ ambaṭṭho māṇavo vusitamānī kimaññatra avusitattā”ti.

　　 264. Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavatā avusitavādena vuccamāno kupito anattamano bhagavantaṃyeva khuṃsento bhagavantaṃyeva vambhento bhagavantaṃyeva upavadamāno– “samaṇo ca me, bho, gotamo pāpito bhavissatī”ti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “caṇḍā, bho gotama, sakyajāti; pharusā, bho gotama, sakyajāti; lahusā, bho gotama, sakyajāti; bhassā, bho gotama, sakyajāti; ibbhā santā ibbhā samānā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti, na brāhmaṇe garuṃ karonti , na brāhmaṇe mānenti, na brāhmaṇe pūjenti, na brāhmaṇe apacāyanti. Tayidaṃ, bho gotama, nacchannaṃ, tayidaṃ nappatirūpaṃ, yadime sakyā ibbhā santā ibbhā samānā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti, na brāhmaṇe garuṃ karonti, na brāhmaṇe mānenti, na brāhmaṇe pūjenti, na brāhmaṇe apacāyantī”ti. Itiha ambaṭṭho māṇavo idaṃ paṭhamaṃ sakyesu ibbhavādaṃ nipātesi.

Dutiya-ibbhavādo

　　 265. “Kiṃ pana te, ambaṭṭha, sakyā aparaddhun”ti? “Ekamidāhaṃ, bho gotama, samayaṃ ācariyassa brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa kenacideva karaṇīyena kapilavatthuṃ agamāsiṃ. Yena sakyānaṃ sandhāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃ. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā sakyā ceva sakyakumārā ca sandhāgāre uccesu āsanesu nisinnā honti aññamaññaṃ aṅgulipatodakehi sañjagghantā saṃkīḷantā, aññadatthu mamaññeva maññe anujagghantā, na maṃ koci āsanenapi nimantesi. Tayidaṃ, bho gotama, nacchannaṃ, tayidaṃ nappatirūpaṃ, yadime sakyā ibbhā santā ibbhā samānā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti, na brāhmaṇe garuṃ karonti, na brāhmaṇe mānenti, na brāhmaṇe pūjenti, na brāhmaṇe apacāyantī”ti. Itiha ambaṭṭho māṇavo idaṃ dutiyaṃ sakyesu ibbhavādaṃ nipātesi.

Tatiya-ibbhavādo

　　 266. “Laṭukikāpi kho, ambaṭṭha, sakuṇikā sake kulāvake kāmalāpinī hoti. Sakaṃ kho panetaṃ, ambaṭṭha, sakyānaṃ yadidaṃ kapilavatthuṃ, nārahatāyasmā ambaṭṭho imāya appamattāya abhisajjitun”ti. “Cattārome, bho gotama, vaṇṇā– khattiyā brāhmaṇā vessā suddā. Imesañhi, bho gotama, catunnaṃ vaṇṇānaṃ tayo vaṇṇā– khattiyā ca vessā ca suddā ca– aññadatthu brāhmaṇasseva paricārakā sampajjanti. Tayidaṃ, bho gotama nacchannaṃ, tayidaṃ nappatirūpaṃ, yadime sakyā ibbhā santā ibbhā samānā na brāhmaṇe sakkaronti, na brāhmaṇe garuṃ karonti, na brāhmaṇe mānenti, na brāhmaṇe pūjenti, na brāhmaṇe apacāyantī”ti. Itiha ambaṭṭho māṇavo idaṃ tatiyaṃ sakyesu ibbhavādaṃ nipātesi.

Dāsiputtavādo

　　 267. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi– “atibāḷhaṃ kho ayaṃ ambaṭṭho māṇavo sakyesu ibbhavādena nimmādeti, yaṃnūnāhaṃ gottaṃ puccheyyan”ti. Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca– “kathaṃ gottosi, ambaṭṭhā”ti? “Kaṇhāyanohamasmi, bho gotamā”ti. Porāṇaṃ kho pana te ambaṭṭha mātāpettikaṃ nāmagottaṃ anussarato ayyaputtā sakyā bhavanti; dāsiputto tvamasi sakyānaṃ. Sakyā kho pana, ambaṭṭha, rājānaṃ okkākaṃ pitāmahaṃ dahanti.

　　 “Bhūtapubbaṃ, ambaṭṭha, rājā okkāko yā sā mahesī piyā manāpā, tassā puttassa rajjaṃ pariṇāmetukāmo jeṭṭhakumāre raṭṭhasmā pabbājesi– okkāmukhaṃ karakaṇḍaṃ hatthinikaṃ sinisūraṃ. Te raṭṭhasmā pabbājitā himavantapasse pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahāsākasaṇḍo, tattha vāsaṃ kappesuṃ. Te jātisambhedabhayā sakāhi bhaginīhi saddhiṃ saṃvāsaṃ kappesuṃ.

　　 “Atha kho, ambaṭṭha, rājā okkāko amacce pārisajje āmantesi – ‘kahaṃ nu kho, bho, etarahi kumārā sammantī’ti? ‘Atthi, deva, himavantapasse pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahāsākasaṇḍo tatthetarahi kumārā sammanti. Te jātisambhedabhayā sakāhi bhaginīhi saddhiṃ saṃvāsaṃ kappentī’ti. Atha kho, ambaṭṭha, rājā okkāko udānaṃ udānesi– ‘sakyā vata, bho, kumārā, paramasakyā vata, bho, kumārā’ti. Tadagge kho pana ambaṭṭha sakyā paññāyanti; so ca nesaṃ pubbapuriso.

　　 “Rañño kho pana, ambaṭṭha, okkākassa disā nāma dāsī ahosi. Sā kaṇhaṃ nāma janesi. Jāto kaṇho pabyāhāsi– ‘dhovatha maṃ, amma, nahāpetha maṃ amma, imasmā maṃ asucismā parimocetha, atthāya vo bhavissāmī’ti. Yathā kho pana ambaṭṭha etarahi manussā pisāce disvā ‘pisācā’ti sañjānanti; evameva kho, ambaṭṭha, tena kho pana samayena manussā pisāce ‘kaṇhā’ti sañjānanti. Te evamāhaṃsu– ‘ayaṃ jāto pabyāhāsi, kaṇho jāto, pisāco jāto’ti. Tadagge kho pana, ambaṭṭha kaṇhāyanā paññāyanti, so ca kaṇhāyanānaṃ pubbapuriso. Iti kho te ambaṭṭha, porāṇaṃ mātāpettikaṃ nāmagottaṃ anussarato ayyaputtā sakyā bhavanti, dāsiputto tvamasi sakyānan”ti.

　　 268. Evaṃ vutte, te māṇavakā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “mā bhavaṃ gotamo ambaṭṭhaṃ atibāḷhaṃ dāsiputtavādena nimmādesi. Sujāto ca, bho gotama ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kulaputto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, bahussuto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, paṇḍito ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, pahoti ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhotā gotamena saddhiṃ asmiṃ vacane paṭimantetun”ti.

　　 269. Atha kho bhagavā te māṇavake etadavoca– “sace kho tumhākaṃ māṇavakānaṃ evaṃ hoti– ‘dujjāto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, akulaputto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, appassuto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, akalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, duppañño ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, na ca pahoti ambaṭṭho māṇavo samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ asmiṃ vacane paṭimantetun’ti, tiṭṭhatu ambaṭṭho māṇavo, tumhe mayā saddhiṃ mantavho asmiṃ vacane. Sace pana tumhākaṃ māṇavakānaṃ evaṃ hoti– ‘sujāto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kulaputto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, bahussuto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, paṇḍito ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, pahoti ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ asmiṃ vacane paṭimantetun’ti, tiṭṭhatha tumhe; ambaṭṭho māṇavo mayā saddhiṃ paṭimantetū”ti.

　　 “Sujāto ca, bho gotama, ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kulaputto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, bahussuto ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, kalyāṇavākkaraṇo ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, paṇḍito ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo, pahoti ca ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhotā gotamena saddhiṃ asmiṃ vacane paṭimantetuṃ, tuṇhī mayaṃ bhavissāma, ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhotā gotamena saddhiṃ asmiṃ vacane paṭimantetū”ti.

　　 270. Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca– “ayaṃ kho pana te, ambaṭṭha, sahadhammiko pañho āgacchati, akāmā byākātabbo. Sace tvaṃ na byākarissasi, aññena vā aññaṃ paṭicarissasi, tuṇhī vā bhavissasi, pakkamissasi vā ettheva te sattadhā muddhā phalissati. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, kinti te sutaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ vuddhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācariyapācariyānaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ kutopabhutikā kaṇhāyanā, ko ca kaṇhāyanānaṃ pubbapuriso”ti?

　　 Evaṃ vutte, ambaṭṭho māṇavo tuṇhī ahosi. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca– “taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, kinti te sutaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ vuddhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācariyapācariyānaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ kutopabhutikā kaṇhāyanā, ko ca kaṇhāyanānaṃ pubbapuriso”ti? Dutiyampi kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo tuṇhī ahosi. Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca– “byākarohi dāni ambaṭṭha, na dāni, te tuṇhībhāvassa kālo. Yo kho, ambaṭṭha, tathāgatena yāvatatiyakaṃ sahadhammikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho na byākaroti, etthevassa sattadhā muddhā phalissatī”ti.

　　 271. Tena kho pana samayena vajirapāṇī yakkho mahantaṃ ayokūṭaṃ ādāya ādittaṃ sampajjalitaṃ sajotibhūtaṃ ambaṭṭhassa māṇavassa upari vehāsaṃ ṭhito hoti– “sacāyaṃ ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavatā yāvatatiyakaṃ sahadhammikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho na byākarissati, etthevassa sattadhā muddhaṃ phālessāmī”ti. Taṃ kho pana vajirapāṇiṃ yakkhaṃ bhagavā ceva passati ambaṭṭho ca māṇavo.

　　 272. Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhīto saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto bhagavantaṃyeva tāṇaṃ gavesī bhagavantaṃyeva leṇaṃ gavesī bhagavantaṃyeva saraṇaṃ gavesī– upanisīditvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “kimetaṃ bhavaṃ gotamo āha? Punabhavaṃ gotamo bravitū”ti.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, kinti te sutaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ vuddhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācariyapācariyānaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ kutopabhutikā kaṇhāyanā, ko ca kaṇhāyanānaṃ pubbapuriso”ti? “Evameva me, bho gotama, sutaṃ yatheva bhavaṃ gotamo āha. Tatopabhutikā kaṇhāyanā; so ca kaṇhāyanānaṃ pubbapuriso”ti.

Ambaṭṭhavaṃsakathā

　　 273. Evaṃ vutte, te māṇavakā unnādino uccāsaddamahāsaddā ahesuṃ– “dujjāto kira, bho, ambaṭṭho māṇavo; akulaputto kira, bho, ambaṭṭho māṇavo; dāsiputto kira, bho, ambaṭṭho māṇavo sakyānaṃ. Ayyaputtā kira, bho, ambaṭṭhassa māṇavassa sakyā bhavanti. Dhammavādiṃyeva kira mayaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ apasādetabbaṃ amaññimhā”ti.

　　 274. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi– “atibāḷhaṃ kho ime māṇavakā ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ dāsiputtavādena nimmādenti, yaṃnūnāhaṃ parimoceyyan”ti. Atha kho bhagavā te māṇavake etadavoca – “mā kho tumhe, māṇavakā, ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ atibāḷhaṃ dāsiputtavādena nimmādetha. Uḷāro so kaṇho isi ahosi. So dakkhiṇajanapadaṃ gantvā brahmamante adhīyitvā rājānaṃ okkākaṃ upasaṅkamitvā maddarūpiṃ dhītaraṃ yāci. Tassa rājā okkāko– ‘ko nevaṃ re ayaṃ mayhaṃ dāsiputto samāno maddarūpiṃ dhītaraṃ yācatī’” ti, kupito anattamano khurappaṃ sannayhi. So taṃ khurappaṃ neva asakkhi muñcituṃ, no paṭisaṃharituṃ.

　　 “Atha kho, māṇavakā, amaccā pārisajjā kaṇhaṃ isiṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ– ‘sotthi, bhaddante, hotu rañño; sotthi, bhaddante, hotu rañño’ti. ‘Sotthi bhavissati rañño, api ca rājā yadi adho khurappaṃ muñcissati, yāvatā rañño vijitaṃ, ettāvatā pathavī undriyissatī’ti. ‘Sotthi, bhaddante, hotu rañño, sotthi janapadassā’ti. ‘Sotthi bhavissati rañño, sotthi janapadassa, api ca rājā yadi uddhaṃ khurappaṃ muñcissati, yāvatā rañño vijitaṃ, ettāvatā satta vassāni devo na vassissatī’ti. ‘Sotthi, bhaddante, hotu rañño sotthi janapadassa devo ca vassatū’ti. ‘Sotthi bhavissati rañño sotthi janapadassa devo ca vassissati, api ca rājā jeṭṭhakumāre khurappaṃ patiṭṭhāpetu, sotthi kumāro pallomo bhavissatī’ti. Atha kho, māṇavakā, amaccā okkākassa ārocesuṃ – ‘okkāko jeṭṭhakumāre khurappaṃ patiṭṭhāpetu. Sotthi kumāro pallomo bhavissatī’ti. Atha kho rājā okkāko jeṭṭhakumāre khurappaṃ patiṭṭhapesi, sotthi kumāro pallomo samabhavi. Atha kho tassa rājā okkāko bhīto saṃviggo lomahaṭṭhajāto brahmadaṇḍena tajjito maddarūpiṃ dhītaraṃ adāsi. Mā kho tumhe, māṇavakā, ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ atibāḷhaṃ dāsiputtavādena nimmādetha, uḷāro so kaṇho isi ahosī”ti.

Khattiyaseṭṭhabhāvo

　　 275. Atha kho bhagavā ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi– “taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, idha khattiyakumāro brāhmaṇakaññāya saddhiṃ saṃvāsaṃ kappeyya, tesaṃ saṃvāsamanvāya putto jāyetha. Yo so khattiyakumārena brāhmaṇakaññāya putto uppanno, api nu so labhetha brāhmaṇesu āsanaṃ vā udakaṃ vā”ti? “Labhetha, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ brāhmaṇā bhojeyyuṃ saddhe vā thālipāke vā yaññe vā pāhune vā”ti? “Bhojeyyuṃ, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ brāhmaṇā mante vāceyyuṃ vā no vā”ti? “Vāceyyuṃ, bho gotama”. “Apinussa itthīsu āvaṭaṃ vā assa anāvaṭaṃ vā”ti? “Anāvaṭaṃ hissa, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ khattiyā khattiyābhisekena abhisiñceyyun”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. “Taṃ kissa hetu”? “Mātito hi, bho gotama, anupapanno”ti.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, idha brāhmaṇakumāro khattiyakaññāya saddhiṃ saṃvāsaṃ kappeyya, tesaṃ saṃvāsamanvāya putto jāyetha. Yo so brāhmaṇakumārena khattiyakaññāya putto uppanno, apinu so labhetha brāhmaṇesu āsanaṃ vā udakaṃ vā”ti? “Labhetha, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ brāhmaṇā bhojeyyuṃ saddhe vā thālipāke vā yaññe vā pāhune vā”ti? “Bhojeyyuṃ, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ brāhmaṇā mante vāceyyuṃ vā no vā”ti? “Vāceyyuṃ, bho gotama”. “Apinussa itthīsu āvaṭaṃ vā assa anāvaṭaṃ vā”ti? “Anāvaṭaṃ hissa, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ khattiyā khattiyābhisekena abhisiñceyyun”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. “Taṃ kissa hetu”? “Pitito hi, bho gotama, anupapanno”ti.

　　 276. “Iti kho, ambaṭṭha, itthiyā vā itthiṃ karitvā purisena vā purisaṃ karitvā khattiyāva seṭṭhā, hīnā brāhmaṇā. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, idha brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ kismiñcideva pakaraṇe khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā bhassapuṭena vadhitvā raṭṭhā vā nagarā vā pabbājeyyuṃ. Apinu so labhetha brāhmaṇesu āsanaṃ vā udakaṃ vā”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama” “Apinu naṃ brāhmaṇā bhojeyyuṃ saddhe vā thālipāke vā yaññe vā pāhune vā”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ brāhmaṇā mante vāceyyuṃ vā no vā”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. “Apinussa itthīsu āvaṭaṃ vā assa anāvaṭaṃ vā”ti? “Āvaṭaṃ hissa, bho gotama”.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, idha khattiyā khattiyaṃ kismiñcideva pakaraṇe khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā bhassapuṭena vadhitvā raṭṭhā vā nagarā vā pabbājeyyuṃ. Apinu so labhetha brāhmaṇesu āsanaṃ vā udakaṃ vā”ti? “Labhetha, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ brāhmaṇā bhojeyyuṃ saddhe vā thālipāke vā yaññe vā pāhune vā”ti? “Bhojeyyuṃ, bho gotama”. “Apinu naṃ brāhmaṇā mante vāceyyuṃ vā no vā”ti? “Vāceyyuṃ, bho gotama”. “Apinussa itthīsu āvaṭaṃ vā assa anāvaṭaṃ vā”ti? “Anāvaṭaṃ hissa, bho gotama”.

　　 277. “Ettāvatā kho, ambaṭṭha, khattiyo paramanihīnataṃ patto hoti, yadeva naṃ khattiyā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā bhassapuṭena vadhitvā raṭṭhā vā nagarā vā pabbājenti. Iti kho, ambaṭṭha, yadā khattiyo paramanihīnataṃ patto hoti, tadāpi khattiyāva seṭṭhā, hīnā brāhmaṇā. Brahmunā pesā, ambaṭṭha, sanaṅkumārena gāthā bhāsitā–

　　 ‘Khattiyo seṭṭho janetasmiṃ, Ye gottapaṭisārino.

　　 Vijjācaraṇasampanno, So seṭṭho devamānuse’ti.

　　 “Sā kho panesā, ambaṭṭha, brahmunā sanaṅkumārena gāthā sugītā no duggītā, subhāsitā no dubbhāsitā, atthasaṃhitā no anatthasaṃhitā, anumatā mayā. Ahampi hi, ambaṭṭha, evaṃ vadāmi–

　　 ‘Khattiyo seṭṭho janetasmiṃ, Ye gottapaṭisārino.

　　 Vijjācaraṇasampanno, So seṭṭho devamānuse’ti.

　　 Bhāṇavāro paṭhamo.

Vijjācaraṇakathā

　　 278. “Katamaṃ pana taṃ, bho gotama, caraṇaṃ, katamā ca pana sā vijjā”ti? “Na kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya jātivādo vā vuccati, gottavādo vā vuccati, mānavādo vā vuccati– ‘arahasi vā maṃ tvaṃ, na vā maṃ tvaṃ arahasī’ti. Yattha kho, ambaṭṭha, āvāho vā hoti, vivāho vā hoti, āvāhavivāho vā hoti, etthetaṃ vuccati jātivādo vā itipi gottavādo vā itipi mānavādo vā itipi– ‘arahasi vā maṃ tvaṃ, na vā maṃ tvaṃ arahasī’ti. Ye hi keci ambaṭṭha jātivādavinibaddhā vā gottavādavinibaddhā vā mānavādavinibaddhā vā āvāhavivāhavinibaddhā vā, ārakā te anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya. Pahāya kho, ambaṭṭha, jātivādavinibaddhañca gottavādavinibaddhañca mānavādavinibaddhañca āvāhavivāhavinibaddhañca anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya sacchikiriyā hotī”ti.

　　 279. “Katamaṃ pana taṃ, bho gotama, caraṇaṃ, katamā ca sā vijjā”ti? “Idha, ambaṭṭha, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Taṃ dhammaṃ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṃ vā kule paccājāto. So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhati …pe… (yathā 191ādayo anucchedā, evaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ).…

　　 “So vivicceva kāmehi, vivicca akusalehi dhammehi, savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati …pe… idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, ambaṭṭha, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati …pe… idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, ambaṭṭha, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti– “upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati …pe… idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, ambaṭṭha, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā, pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati …pe… idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ. Idaṃ kho taṃ, ambaṭṭha, caraṇaṃ.

　　 “So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti …pe… idampissa hoti vijjāya …pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāti, idampissa hoti vijjāya. Ayaṃ kho sā, ambaṭṭha, vijjā.

　　 “Ayaṃ vuccati, ambaṭṭha, bhikkhu ‘vijjāsampanno’ itipi, ‘caraṇasampanno’ itipi, ‘vijjācaraṇasampanno’ itipi. Imāya ca ambaṭṭha vijjāsampadāya caraṇasampadāya ca aññā vijjāsampadā ca caraṇasampadā ca uttaritarā vā paṇītatarā vā natthi.

Catu-apāyamukhaṃ

　　 280. “Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya cattāri apāyamukhāni bhavanti. Katamāni cattāri? Idha, ambaṭṭha, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imaññeva anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ anabhisambhuṇamāno khārividhamādāya araññāyatanaṃ ajjhogāhati– ‘pavattaphalabhojano bhavissāmī’ti. So aññadatthu vijjācaraṇasampannasseva paricārako sampajjati. Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya idaṃ paṭhamaṃ apāyamukhaṃ bhavati.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, ambaṭṭha, idhekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imañceva anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kudālapiṭakaṃ ādāya araññavanaṃ ajjhogāhati– ‘kandamūlaphalabhojano bhavissāmī’ti. So aññadatthu vijjācaraṇasampannasseva paricārako sampajjati. Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya idaṃ dutiyaṃ apāyamukhaṃ bhavati.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, ambaṭṭha, idhekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imañceva anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno gāmasāmantaṃ vā nigamasāmantaṃ vā agyāgāraṃ karitvā aggiṃ paricaranto acchati. So aññadatthu vijjācaraṇasampannasseva paricārako sampajjati. Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya idaṃ tatiyaṃ apāyamukhaṃ bhavati.

　　 “Puna caparaṃ, ambaṭṭha, idhekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā imaṃ ceva anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno aggipāricariyañca anabhisambhuṇamāno cātumahāpathe catudvāraṃ agāraṃ karitvā acchati– ‘yo imāhi catūhi disāhi āgamissati samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā, tamahaṃ yathāsatti yathābalaṃ paṭipūjessāmī’ti. So aññadatthu vijjācaraṇasampannasseva paricārako sampajjati. Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya idaṃ catutthaṃ apāyamukhaṃ bhavati. Imāya kho, ambaṭṭha, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya imāni cattāri apāyamukhāni bhavanti.

　　 281. “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, apinu tvaṃ imāya anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya sandissasi sācariyako”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. ‘Kocāhaṃ, bho gotama, sācariyako, kā ca anuttarā vijjācaraṇasampadā? Ārakāhaṃ, bho gotama, anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya sācariyako”ti.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, apinu tvaṃ imañceva anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ anabhisambhuṇamāno khārividhamādāya araññavanamajjhogāhasi sācariyako– ‘pavattaphalabhojano bhavissāmī’”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, apinu tvaṃ imañceva anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kudālapiṭakaṃ ādāya araññavanamajjhogāhasi sācariyako– ‘kandamūlaphalabhojano bhavissāmī’”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, apinu tvaṃ imañceva anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno gāmasāmantaṃ vā nigamasāmantaṃ vā agyāgāraṃ karitvā aggiṃ paricaranto acchasi sācariyako”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, apinu tvaṃ imañceva anuttaraṃ vijjācaraṇasampadaṃ anabhisambhuṇamāno pavattaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno kandamūlaphalabhojanatañca anabhisambhuṇamāno aggipāricariyañca anabhisambhuṇamāno cātumahāpathe catudvāraṃ agāraṃ karitvā acchasi sācariyako– ‘yo imāhi catūhi disāhi āgamissati samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā, taṃ mayaṃ yathāsatti yathābalaṃ paṭipūjessāmā’”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 282. “Iti kho, ambaṭṭha, imāya ceva tvaṃ anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya parihīno sācariyako. Ye cime anuttarāya vijjācaraṇasampadāya cattāri apāyamukhāni bhavanti tato ca tvaṃ parihīno sācariyako. Bhāsitā kho pana te esā, ambaṭṭha, ācariyena brāhmaṇena pokkharasātinā vācā– ‘ke ca muṇḍakā samaṇakā ibbhā kaṇhā bandhupādāpaccā, kā ca tevijjānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ sākacchā’ti attanā āpāyikopi aparipūramāno. Passa, ambaṭṭha, yāva aparaddhañca te idaṃ ācariyassa brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa.

Pubbaka-isibhāvānuyogo

　　 283. “Brāhmaṇo kho pana, ambaṭṭha, pokkharasāti rañño pasenadissa kosalassa dattikaṃ bhuñjati. Tassa rājā pasenadi kosalo sammukhībhāvampi na dadāti. Yadāpi tena manteti, tirodussantena manteti. Yassa kho pana, ambaṭṭha, dhammikaṃ payātaṃ bhikkhaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, kathaṃ tassa rājā pasenadi kosalo sammukhībhāvampi na dadeyya. Passa, ambaṭṭha, yāva aparaddhañca te idaṃ ācariyassa brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa.

　　 284. “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, idha rājā pasenadi kosalo hatthigīvāya vā nisinno assapiṭṭhe vā nisinno rathūpatthare vā ṭhito uggehi vā rājaññehi vā kiñcideva mantanaṃ manteyya. So tamhā padesā apakkamma ekamantaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Atha āgaccheyya suddo vā suddadāso vā, tasmiṃ padese ṭhito tadeva mantanaṃ manteyya– ‘evampi rājā pasenadi kosalo āha, evampi rājā pasenadi kosalo āhā’ti. Apinu so rājabhaṇitaṃ vā bhaṇati rājamantanaṃ vā manteti? Ettāvatā so assa rājā vā rājamatto vā”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 285. “Evameva kho tvaṃ, ambaṭṭha, ye te ahesuṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ pubbakā isayo mantānaṃ kattāro mantānaṃ pavattāro, yesamidaṃ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṃ mantapadaṃ gītaṃ pavuttaṃ samihitaṃ, tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṃ– aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu– ‘tyāhaṃ mante adhiyāmi sācariyako’ti, tāvatā tvaṃ bhavissasi isi vā isitthāya vā paṭipannoti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

　　 286. “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ambaṭṭha, kinti te sutaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ vuddhānaṃ mahallakānaṃ ācariyapācariyānaṃ bhāsamānānaṃ– ye te ahesuṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ pubbakā isayo mantānaṃ kattāro mantānaṃ pavattāro, yesamidaṃ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṃ mantapadaṃ gītaṃ pavuttaṃ samihitaṃ, tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṃ– aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu, evaṃ su te sunhātā suvilittā kappitakesamassū āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalābharaṇā odātavatthavasanā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārenti, seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyako”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 “ …Pe… evaṃ su te sālīnaṃ odanaṃ sucimaṃsūpasecanaṃ vicitakāḷakaṃ anekasūpaṃ anekabyañjanaṃ paribhuñjanti, seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyako”ti “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 “ …Pe… evaṃ su te veṭhakanatapassāhi nārīhi paricārenti, seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyako”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 “ …Pe… evaṃ su te kuttavālehi vaḷavārathehi dīghāhi patodalaṭṭhīhi vāhane vitudentā vipariyāyanti, seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyako”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 “ …Pe… evaṃ su te ukkiṇṇaparikhāsu okkhittapalighāsu nagarūpakārikāsu dīghāsivudhehi purisehi rakkhāpenti, seyyathāpi tvaṃ etarahi sācariyako”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”.

　　 “Iti kho, ambaṭṭha, neva tvaṃ isi na isitthāya paṭipanno sācariyako. Yassa kho pana, ambaṭṭha, mayi kaṅkhā vā vimati vā so maṃ pañhena, ahaṃ veyyākaraṇena sodhissāmī”ti.

Dvelakkhaṇādassanaṃ

　　 287. Atha kho bhagavā vihārā nikkhamma caṅkamaṃ abbhuṭṭhāsi. Ambaṭṭhopi māṇavo vihārā nikkhamma caṅkamaṃ abbhuṭṭhāsi. Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavantaṃ caṅkamantaṃ anucaṅkamamāno bhagavato kāye dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni samannesi. Addasā kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavato kāye dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati– kosohite ca vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya ca.

　　 288. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi– “passati kho me ayaṃ ambaṭṭho māṇavo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve. Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati– kosohite ca vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya cā”ti. Atha kho bhagavā tathārūpaṃ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkhāsi yathā addasa ambaṭṭho māṇavo bhagavato kosohitaṃ vatthaguyhaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā jivhaṃ ninnāmetvā ubhopi kaṇṇasotāni anumasi paṭimasi, ubhopi nāsikasotāni anumasi paṭimasi, kevalampi nalāṭamaṇḍalaṃ jivhāya chādesi. Atha kho ambaṭṭhassa māṇavassa etadahosi– “samannāgato kho samaṇo gotamo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi paripuṇṇehi, no aparipuṇṇehī”ti. Bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bho gotama, gacchāma, bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā”ti “Yassadāni tvaṃ, ambaṭṭha, kālaṃ maññasī”ti. Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo vaḷavārathamāruyha pakkāmi.

　　 289. Tena kho pana samayena brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti ukkaṭṭhāya nikkhamitvā mahatā brāhmaṇagaṇena saddhiṃ sake ārāme nisinno hoti ambaṭṭhaṃyeva māṇavaṃ paṭimānento. Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo yena sako ārāmo tena pāyāsi. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi, yānena gantvā yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā brāhmaṇaṃ pokkharasātiṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.

　　 290. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti etadavoca– “kacci, tāta ambaṭṭha, addasa taṃ bhavantaṃ gotaman”ti? “Addasāma kho mayaṃ, bho, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotaman”ti. “Kacci, tāta ambaṭṭha, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ tathā santaṃyeva saddo abbhuggato no aññathā; kacci pana so bhavaṃ gotamo tādiso no aññādiso”ti “Tathā santaṃyeva, bho, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saddo abbhuggato no aññathā, tādisova so bhavaṃ gotamo no aññādiso. Samannāgato ca so bhavaṃ gotamo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi paripuṇṇehi no aparipuṇṇehī”ti. “Ahu pana te, tāta ambaṭṭha, samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti? “Ahu kho me, bho, samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti. “Yathā kathaṃ pana te, tāta ambaṭṭha, ahu samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti? Atha kho ambaṭṭho māṇavo yāvatako ahosi bhagavatā saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo, taṃ sabbaṃ brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa ārocesi.

　　 291. Evaṃ vutte, brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ etadavoca– “aho vata re amhākaṃ paṇḍitaka, aho vata re amhākaṃ bahussutaka, aho vata re amhākaṃ tevijjaka, evarūpena kira, bho, puriso atthacarakena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyya. Yadeva kho tvaṃ, ambaṭṭha, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ āsajja āsajja avacāsi, atha kho so bhavaṃ gotamo amhepi evaṃ upaneyya upaneyya avaca. Aho vata re amhākaṃ paṇḍitaka, aho vata re amhākaṃ bahussutaka, aho vata re amhākaṃ tevijjaka, evarūpena kira, bho, puriso atthacarakena kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyyā”ti, kupito anattamano ambaṭṭhaṃ māṇavaṃ padasāyeva pavattesi. Icchati ca tāvadeva bhagavantaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ.

Pokkharasātibuddhupasaṅkamanaṃ

　　 292. Atha kho te brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṃ pokkharasātiṃ etadavocuṃ– “ativikālo kho, bho, ajja samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṃ. Svedāni bhavaṃ pokkharasāti samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissatī”ti. Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti sake nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā yāne āropetvā ukkāsu dhāriyamānāsu ukkaṭṭhāya niyyāsi, yena icchānaṅgalavanasaṇḍo tena pāyāsi. Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi yānena gantvā, yānā paccorohitvā pattikova yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.

　　 293. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “āgamā nu kho idha, bho gotama, amhākaṃ antevāsī ambaṭṭho māṇavo”ti? “Āgamā kho te, brāhmaṇa, antevāsī ambaṭṭho māṇavo”ti. “Ahu pana te, bho gotama, ambaṭṭhena māṇavena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti? “Ahu kho me, brāhmaṇa, ambaṭṭhena māṇavena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti. “Yathākathaṃ pana te, bho gotama, ahu ambaṭṭhena māṇavena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti? Atha kho bhagavā yāvatako ahosi ambaṭṭhena māṇavena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo, taṃ sabbaṃ brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa ārocesi. Evaṃ vutte, brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “bālo, bho gotama, ambaṭṭho māṇavo, khamatu bhavaṃ gotamo ambaṭṭhassa māṇavassā”ti. “Sukhī hotu, brāhmaṇa, ambaṭṭho māṇavo”ti.

　　 294. Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavato kāye dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni samannesi. Addasā kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavato kāye dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve. Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati– kosohite ca vatthaguyhe pahūtajivhatāya ca.

　　 295. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi– “passati kho me ayaṃ brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve. Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati– kosohite ca vatthaguyhe, pahūtajivhatāya cā”ti. Atha kho bhagavā tathārūpaṃ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkhāsi yathā addasa brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavato kosohitaṃ vatthaguyhaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā jivhaṃ ninnāmetvā ubhopi kaṇṇasotāni anumasi paṭimasi, ubhopi nāsikasotāni anumasi paṭimasi, kevalampi nalāṭamaṇḍalaṃ jivhāya chādesi.

　　 296. Atha kho brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa etadahosi “samannāgato kho samaṇo gotamo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi paripuṇṇehi no aparipuṇṇehī”ti. Bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “adhivāsetu me bhavaṃ gotamo ajjatanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā”ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.

　　 297. Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocesi– “kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhattan”ti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavantaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi, māṇavakāpi bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.

　　 298. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa bhagavā anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ– dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ; kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā bhagavā aññāsi brāhmaṇaṃ pokkharasātiṃ kallacittaṃ muducittaṃ vinīvaraṇacittaṃ udaggacittaṃ pasannacittaṃ, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā, taṃ pakāsesi – dukkhaṃ samudayaṃ nirodhaṃ maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya; evameva brāhmaṇassa pokkharasātissa tasmiññeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi– “yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman”ti.

Pokkharasāti-upāsakattapaṭivedanā

　　 299. Atha kho brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṃkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama. Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bho gotama, saputto sabhariyo sapariso sāmacco bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ. Yathā ca bhavaṃ gotamo ukkaṭṭhāya aññāni upāsakakulāni upasaṅkamati, evameva bhavaṃ gotamo pokkharasātikulaṃ upasaṅkamatu. Tattha ye te māṇavakā vā māṇavikā vā bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ abhivādessanti vā paccuṭṭhissanti vā āsanaṃ vā udakaṃ vā dassanti cittaṃ vā pasādessanti, tesaṃ taṃ bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā”ti. “Kalyāṇaṃ vuccati, brāhmaṇā”ti.

　　 Ambaṭṭhasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.