第一千一百一十六章 大迦旃延一夜贤者经

中部133经/大迦旃延一夜贤者经(分别品[14])


这是我亲身听闻到的。一时,世尊住在王舍城的温泉林中。


那时,尊者三弥提在黎明时分起身,来到温泉处洗浴。洗浴后,他上岸站在一旁,只穿一件衣服擦干身体。


这时,一位容貌殊胜的天神在深夜时分照亮整个温泉,来到尊者三弥提面前。站在一旁,那天神对尊者三弥提说:"比丘,你是否记得'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解?"


"朋友,我不记得'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解。朋友,你是否记得'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解?"


"比丘,我也不记得'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解。比丘,你是否记得'一夜贤者'偈颂?"


"朋友,我不记得'一夜贤者'偈颂。朋友,你是否记得'一夜贤者'偈颂?"


"比丘,我也不记得'一夜贤者'偈颂。比丘,你应当学习'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解;比丘,你应当精通'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解;比丘,你应当记住'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解。比丘,'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解与义利相应,是梵行的基础(梵行解释:清净的修行,一般指修行八正道)。"


天神说完这些话后,就在那里消失了。


于是,尊者三弥提在那夜过后,来到世尊处。到达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者三弥提对世尊说:


"尊者,昨夜黎明时分,我起身来到温泉处洗浴。洗浴后,我上岸站在一旁,只穿一件衣服擦干身体。这时,一位容貌殊胜的天神在深夜时分照亮整个温泉,来到我面前。站在一旁,那天神对我说:'比丘,你是否记得"一夜贤者"的纲要和详解?'"


"当他这样说时,尊者,我对那天神说:'朋友,我不记得"一夜贤者"的纲要和详解。朋友,你是否记得"一夜贤者"的纲要和详解?''比丘,我也不记得"一夜贤者"的纲要和详解。比丘,你是否记得"一夜贤者"偈颂?''朋友,我不记得"一夜贤者"偈颂。朋友,你是否记得"一夜贤者"偈颂?''比丘,我也不记得"一夜贤者"偈颂。比丘,你应当学习"一夜贤者"的纲要和详解;比丘,你应当精通"一夜贤者"的纲要和详解;比丘,你应当记住"一夜贤者"的纲要和详解。比丘,"一夜贤者"的纲要和详解与义利相应,是梵行的基础。'尊者,那天神说完这些话后,就在那里消失了。尊者,请世尊教导我'一夜贤者'的纲要和详解。"


"那么,比丘,你听好,仔细作意,我要说了。" 


"是的,尊者。"尊者三弥提回答世尊。世尊说:


"不要追随过去,不要期待未来。

过去已逝,未来未至。

当下观察现在法,

明智者如是修习,热忱不懈。

应当今日努力精进,谁知明日会有死亡?

我们与那大军队死神无法谈判。

如此安住精进,日夜不懈怠,

圣者称之为'一夜贤者'。"


世尊说完这些后,起座进入精舍。


这时,那些比丘在世尊离开不久后,想到:"朋友们,世尊简略地说了纲要,没有详细解释含义就起座进入精舍:


'不要追随过去,不要期待未来。

过去已逝,未来未至。

当下观察现在法,

明智者如是修习,热忱不懈。

应当今日努力精进,谁知明日会有死亡?

我们与那大军队死神无法谈判。

如此安住精进,日夜不懈怠,

圣者称之为"一夜贤者"。'


谁能详细解释世尊简略说的这个纲要的含义呢?"


这时,那些比丘想到:"尊者大迦旃延得到导师的赞誉,受到有智慧的同修们的尊敬。尊者大迦旃延能够详细解释世尊简略说的这个纲要的含义。我们不如去见尊者大迦旃延,向他请教这个问题。"


于是,那些比丘来到尊者大迦旃延处。到达后,与尊者大迦旃延互相问候。寒暄完毕,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘对尊者大迦旃延说:"朋友迦旃延,世尊简略地说了纲要,没有详细解释含义就起座进入精舍:


'不要追随过去……圣者称之为"一夜贤者"。'


朋友迦旃延,我们在世尊离开不久后,想到:'朋友们,世尊简略地说了纲要,没有详细解释含义就起座进入精舍:


"不要追随过去……圣者称之为'一夜贤者'"。


谁能详细解释世尊简略说的这个纲要的含义呢?'朋友迦旃延,我们想到:'尊者大迦旃延得到导师的赞誉,受到有智慧的同修们的尊敬。尊者大迦旃延能够详细解释世尊简略说的这个纲要的含义。我们不如去见尊者大迦旃延,向他请教这个问题。'请尊者大迦旃延解释。"


"朋友们,就像一个人想要寻找心材,在寻找心材时,遇到一棵大树站立着,有心材,却忽略了根部,忽略了树干,认为应该在枝叶中寻找心材;你们也是这样,在导师面前却忽略了世尊,认为应该向我请教这个问题。朋友们,世尊知道应知之事,见到应见之事,他是眼,他是智,他是法,他是梵(梵解释:意译寂静、清净、离欲。1.为印度正统婆罗门教思想之最高原理。据梨俱吠陀之记载,祈祷主为最上神,是由祭司支配者演变为宇宙之创造神,为宇宙生成原理。又据梵书文献之创造神话中,为形成新的万有根本原理,于是融合以上诸原理,演成生主,为被崇拜的根本神格。初时,梵,意指吠陀之赞歌、祭词、咒词等,同时被视为其本质即神秘之力量。自吠陀至上、祭祀万能之梵书时代以降,成为世界根源之创造原理,被视为生主的创造物之一。尔后两者又被视为同一,其后,生主作为人格神之色彩淡薄,逐渐为单纯之世界原理而存立,随着梵之崇拜兴起,梵代替生主为世界万有之原理,而生主被视为依存于中性原理本有之梵,并位居其下位,遂以梵为主体,展开宇宙创造说。宇宙最高之原理梵成立后,对之深深探究与思索之结果,确立梵与我一体化之梵我一如说,此为奥义书泛神论哲学之中心观念,遂成为贯通印度宗教、哲学思想之根本思想。2.梵具有清净之义,从事清净之行,尤其指断淫欲之事,称为梵行;行淫欲者,称为非梵行。清净之十戒,称为梵净十戒。佛、菩萨美妙之音声,称作梵音声、梵声、梵音;其响称为梵响。梵音相为佛三十二相之一。佛之清净法身,称为梵身。佛堂伽蓝又称梵刹、梵宇、梵阁,寺院之吊钟一称梵钟。佛学又称梵学,印度又称梵土。梵行先生为僧之异称,梵仪指僧侣之威仪。3.意指梵语。例如,以梵语撰写之典籍,称作梵本。梵夹指以贝叶书写成之梵字经典。4.意指梵天之略称。色界诸天离欲清净,总名梵天。大智度论卷三十五:‘色界都名为梵,(中略)又梵为色界初门。’),他是说者,他是阐述者,他是义理的导引者,他是甘露的施予者,他是法主,他是如来。那正是你们应该向世尊请教这个问题的时候。世尊如何回答,你们就应该那样记住。"


"确实,朋友迦旃延,世尊知道应知之事,见到应见之事,他是眼,他是智,他是法,他是梵,他是说者,他是阐述者,他是义理的导引者,他是甘露的施予者,他是法主,他是如来。那正是我们应该向世尊请教这个问题的时候。世尊如何回答,我们就应该那样记住。然而,尊者大迦旃延得到导师的赞誉,受到有智慧的同修们的尊敬。尊者大迦旃延能够详细解释世尊简略说的这个纲要的含义。请尊者大迦旃延慈悲解释,不要觉得麻烦。"


"那么,朋友们,你们听好,仔细作意,我要说了。" 


"是的,朋友。"那些比丘回答尊者大迦旃延。尊者大迦旃延说:


"朋友们,世尊简略地说了纲要,没有详细解释含义就起座进入精舍:


'不要追随过去……圣者称之为"一夜贤者"。'


我这样理解世尊简略说的这个纲要的详细含义:


朋友们,如何追随过去?他这样想:'在过去世我有这样的眼,这样的色(色解释:物质身体,物质事物)'——他的意识被欲贪所束缚。因为意识被欲贪所束缚,他就喜爱它。因为喜爱它,他就追随过去。他这样想:'在过去世我有这样的耳,这样的声'……'在过去世我有这样的鼻,这样的香'……'在过去世我有这样的舌,这样的味'……'在过去世我有这样的身,这样的触(触解释:触觉)'……'在过去世我有这样的意,这样的法(法即是法尘:法尘解释:六尘之一,法尘是意根所缘的境界,意根对前五根所缘的境界,分别好丑,而起善恶诸法,是名法尘。吾人日常动作,虽已过去,而前尘影事,忆念不忘,即是法尘的作用)'——他的意识被欲贪所束缚。因为意识被欲贪所束缚,他就喜爱它。因为喜爱它,他就追随过去。朋友们,这就是追随过去。


朋友们,如何不追随过去?他这样想:'在过去世我有这样的眼,这样的色'——他的意识不被欲贪所束缚。因为意识不被欲贪所束缚,他就不喜爱它。因为不喜爱它,他就不追随过去。他这样想:'在过去世我有这样的耳,这样的声'……'在过去世我有这样的鼻,这样的香'……'在过去世我有这样的舌,这样的味'……'在过去世我有这样的身,这样的触'……'在过去世我有这样的意,这样的法'——他的意识不被欲贪所束缚。因为意识不被欲贪所束缚,他就不喜爱它。因为不喜爱它,他就不追随过去。朋友们,这就是不追随过去。


朋友们,如何期待未来?他这样想:'在未来世愿我有这样的眼,这样的色'——他的心趋向于获得未得之物。因为心趋向于获得未得之物,他就喜爱它。因为喜爱它,他就期待未来。他这样想:'在未来世愿我有这样的耳,这样的声'……'在未来世愿我有这样的鼻,这样的香'……'在未来世愿我有这样的舌,这样的味'……'在未来世愿我有这样的身,这样的触'……'在未来世愿我有这样的意,这样的法'——他的心趋向于获得未得之物。因为心趋向于获得未得之物,他就喜爱它。因为喜爱它,他就期待未来。朋友们,这就是期待未来。


朋友们,如何不期待未来?他这样想:'在未来世愿我有这样的眼,这样的色'——他的心不趋向于获得未得之物。因为心不趋向于获得未得之物,他就不喜爱它。因为不喜爱它,他就不期待未来。他这样想:'在未来世愿我有这样的耳,这样的声'……'在未来世愿我有这样的鼻,这样的香'……'在未来世愿我有这样的舌,这样的味'……'在未来世愿我有这样的身,这样的触'……'在未来世愿我有这样的意,这样的法'——他的心不趋向于获得未得之物。因为心不趋向于获得未得之物,他就不喜爱它。因为不喜爱它,他就不期待未来。朋友们,这就是不期待未来。


朋友们,如何在现在法中动摇?朋友们,现在的眼和现在的色,这两者都是现在的。如果他的意识被欲贪所束缚,因为意识被欲贪所束缚,他就喜爱它。因为喜爱它,他就在现在法中动摇。朋友们,现在的耳和现在的声……现在的鼻和现在的香……现在的舌和现在的味……现在的身和现在的触……现在的意和现在的法,这两者都是现在的。如果他的意识被欲贪所束缚,因为意识被欲贪所束缚,他就喜爱它。因为喜爱它,他就在现在法中动摇。朋友们,这就是在现在法中动摇。


朋友们,如何在现在法中不动摇?朋友们,现在的眼和现在的色,这两者都是现在的。如果他的意识不被欲贪所束缚,因为意识不被欲贪所束缚,他就不喜爱它。因为不喜爱它,他就在现在法中不动摇。朋友们,现在的耳和现在的声……现在的鼻和现在的香……现在的舌和现在的味……现在的身和现在的触……现在的意和现在的法,这两者都是现在的。如果他的意识不被欲贪所束缚,因为意识不被欲贪所束缚,他就不喜爱它。因为不喜爱它,他就在现在法中不动摇。朋友们,这就是在现在法中不动摇。


朋友们,世尊简略地说了纲要,没有详细解释含义就起座进入精舍:


'不要追随过去,不要期待未来。

过去已逝,未来未至。

当下观察现在法,

明智者如是修习,热忱不懈。

应当今日努力精进,谁知明日会有死亡?

我们与那大军队死神无法谈判。

如此安住精进,日夜不懈怠,

圣者称之为"一夜贤者"。'


朋友们,我这样理解世尊简略说的这个纲要的详细含义。如果你们想的话,可以去见世尊,向他请教这个问题。世尊如何解释,你们就应该那样记住。"


于是,那些比丘赞叹随喜尊者大迦旃延的话,从座而起,来到世尊处。到达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那些比丘对世尊说:"尊者,世尊简略地说了纲要,没有详细解释含义就起座进入精舍:


'不要追随过去……圣者称之为"一夜贤者"。'


尊者,我们在世尊离开不久后,想到:'朋友们,世尊简略地说了纲要,没有详细解释含义就起座进入精舍:


"不要追随过去,不要期待未来。

过去已逝,未来未至。

当下观察现在法,

明智者如是修习,热忱不懈。

应当今日努力精进,谁知明日会有死亡?

我们与那大军队死神无法谈判。

如此安住精进,日夜不懈怠,

圣者称之为'一夜贤者'。"


谁能详细解释世尊简略说的这个纲要的含义呢?'尊者,我们想到:'尊者大迦旃延得到导师的赞誉,受到有智慧的同修们的尊敬。尊者大迦旃延能够详细解释世尊简略说的这个纲要的含义。我们不如去见尊者大迦旃延,向他请教这个问题。'


于是,尊者,我们来到尊者大迦旃延处,向他请教这个问题。尊者大迦旃延用这些方法、这些词句、这些文字为我们解释了含义。"


"比丘们,大迦旃延是智者,是大慧者。如果你们向我请教这个问题,我也会像大迦旃延那样解释。这就是它的含义,你们应当这样记住。"


世尊如此说。那些比丘满意欢喜世尊的话。


大迦旃延一夜贤者经结束。


巴利语原版经文


MN.133/(3) Mahākaccānabhaddekarattasuttaṃ

   279. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati tapodārāme. Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya yena tapodo tenupasaṅkami gattāni parisiñcituṃ. Tapode gattāni parisiñcitvā paccuttaritvā ekacīvaro aṭṭhāsi gattāni pubbāpayamāno. Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ tapodaṃ obhāsetvā yenāyasmā samiddhi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā āyasmantaṃ samiddhiṃ etadavoca– “dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā”ti? “Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā”ti? “Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā”ti? “Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthāti. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā”ti? “Ahampi kho, bhikkhu na dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthāti. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādibrahmacariyako”ti. Idamavoca sā devatā; idaṃ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi.

   280. Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi tassā rattiyā accayena yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā samiddhi bhagavantaṃ etadavoca–

   “Idhāhaṃ, bhante, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ paccuṭṭhāya yena tapodo tenupasaṅkamiṃ gattāni parisiñcituṃ. Tapode gattāni parisiñcitvā paccuttaritvā ekacīvaro aṭṭhāsiṃ gattāni pubbāpayamāno. Atha kho bhante, aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ tapodaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā maṃ etadavoca– ‘dhāresi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā’”ti?

   “Evaṃ vutte ahaṃ, bhante, taṃ devataṃ etadavocaṃ– ‘na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañcā’ti? ‘Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Dhāresi pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’ti? ‘Na kho ahaṃ, āvuso, dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthāti. Tvaṃ panāvuso, dhāresi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’ti? ‘Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthāti. Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca. Atthasaṃhito, bhikkhu, bhaddekarattassa uddeso ca vibhaṅgo ca ādibrahmacariyako’ti. Idamavoca, bhante, sā devatā; idaṃ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi. Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca desetū”ti. “Tena hi, bhikkhu, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā samiddhi bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca–

   “Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;

   Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.

   “Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;

   Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.

   “Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;

   Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.

   “Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;

   Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

   Idamavoca bhagavā; idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi– “idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho –

   “Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;

   Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.

   “Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;

   Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.

   “Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;

   Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.

   “Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;

   Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

   “Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā”ti?

   Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi– “ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ; pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā”ti.

   281. Atha kho te bhikkhū yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākaccānena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etadavocuṃ “idaṃ kho no, āvuso kaccāna, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho–

   “Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya …pe…

   Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

   “Tesaṃ no, āvuso kaccāna, amhākaṃ, acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi– idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho–

   “Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya …pe…

   Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

   “Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyāti? Tesaṃ no āvuso kaccāna, amhākaṃ etadahosi– ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā’ti. Vibhajatāyasmā mahākaccāno”ti.

   “Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṃ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva mūlaṃ atikkamma khandhaṃ sākhāpalāse sāraṃ pariyesitabbaṃ maññeyya; evaṃ sampadamidaṃ āyasmantānaṃ satthari sammukhībhūte taṃ bhagavantaṃ atisitvā amhe etamatthaṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ maññatha. So hāvuso, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, yathā vo bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā”ti.

   “Addhāvuso kaccāna, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāma; yathā no bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāma. Api cāyasmā mahākaccāno satthuceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ; pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Vibhajatāyasmā mahākaccāno agaruṃ karitvā”ti.

   “Tena hāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākaccānassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā mahākaccāno etadavoca–

   “Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho–

   “Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya …pe…

   Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

   Imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi–

   282. “Kathañca, āvuso, atītaṃ anvāgameti? Iti me cakkhu ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti – tattha chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto atītaṃ anvāgameti. Iti me sotaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti …pe… iti me ghānaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti… iti me jivhā ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti… iti me kāyo ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti… iti me mano ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti – tattha chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto atītaṃ anvāgameti– evaṃ kho, āvuso, atītaṃ anvāgameti.

   “Kathañca āvuso, atītaṃ nānvāgameti? Iti me cakkhu ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti– tattha na chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto atītaṃ nānvāgameti. Iti me sotaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti …pe… iti me ghānaṃ ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti… iti me jivhā ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti… iti me kāyo ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti… iti me mano ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti – tattha na chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa, na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto atītaṃ nānvāgameti– evaṃ kho, āvuso, atītaṃ nānvāgameti.

   283. “Kathañca āvuso, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati? Iti me cakkhu siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti– appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ paṇidahati, cetaso paṇidhānapaccayā tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati. Iti me sotaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti …pe… iti me ghānaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti… iti me jivhā siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti… iti me kāyo siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti… iti me mano siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti– appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ paṇidahati, cetaso paṇidhānapaccayā tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati– evaṃ kho, āvuso, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhati.

   “Kathañca, āvuso, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati? Iti me cakkhu siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti rūpāti– appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ nappaṇidahati cetaso appaṇidhānapaccayā na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati. Iti me sotaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti saddāti …pe… iti me ghānaṃ siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti gandhāti… iti me jivhā siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti rasāti… iti me kāyo siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti phoṭṭhabbāti… iti me mano siyā anāgatamaddhānaṃ iti dhammāti – appaṭiladdhassa paṭilābhāya cittaṃ nappaṇidahati, cetaso appaṇidhānapaccayā na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati– evaṃ kho, āvuso, anāgataṃ nappaṭikaṅkhati.

   284. “Kathañca, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati? Yañcāvuso, cakkhu ye ca rūpā ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati. Yañcāvuso, sotaṃ ye ca saddā …pe… yañcāvuso, ghānaṃ ye ca gandhā… yā cāvuso, jivhā ye ca rasā… yo cāvuso, kāyo ye ca phoṭṭhabbā… yo cāvuso, mano ye ca dhammā– ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati– evaṃ kho, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīrati.

   “Kathañca āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati? Yañcāvuso, cakkhu ye ca rūpā– ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne na chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati. Yañcāvuso, sotaṃ ye ca saddā …pe… yañcāvuso, ghānaṃ ye ca gandhā… yā cāvuso, jivhā ye ca rasā… yo cāvuso, kāyo ye ca phoṭṭhabbā… yo cāvuso, mano ye ca dhammā– ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne na chandarāgappaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, na chandarāgappaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa na tadabhinandati, na tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati– evaṃ kho, āvuso, paccuppannesu dhammesu na saṃhīrati.

   285. “Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho–

   “Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya …pe…

   Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

   “Imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe āyasmanto bhagavantaṃyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā”ti.

   Atha kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākaccānassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “yaṃ kho no, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho–

   “Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya …pe…

   Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

   Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ, acirapakkantassa bhagavato, etadahosi – “idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho–

   “Atītaṃ nānvāgameyya, nappaṭikaṅkhe anāgataṃ;

   Yadatītaṃ pahīnaṃ taṃ, appattañca anāgataṃ.

   “Paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati;

   Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye.

   “Ajjeva kiccamātappaṃ, ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve;

   Na hi no saṅgaraṃ tena, mahāsenena maccunā.

   “Evaṃ vihāriṃ ātāpiṃ, ahorattamatanditaṃ;

   Taṃ ve bhaddekarattoti, santo ācikkhate munī”ti.

   “‘Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā’ti? Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi– ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā mahākaccāno satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā mahākaccāno imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā’ti. Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkamimha; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākaccānaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipucchimha. Tesaṃ no, bhante, āyasmatā mahākaccānena imehi ākārehi imehi padehi imehi byañjanehi attho vibhatto”ti.

   “Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, mahākaccāno; mahāpañño, bhikkhave mahākaccāno. Maṃ cepi tumhe, bhikkhave, etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, ahampi taṃ evamevaṃ byākareyyaṃ yathā taṃ mahākaccānena byākataṃ. Eso, cevetassa attho. Evañca naṃ dhārethā”ti.

   Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

   Mahākaccānabhaddekarattasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.


返回列表

上一篇:第一千一百一十五章 阿难一夜贤者经

没有最新的文章了...

“第一千一百一十六章 大迦旃延一夜贤者经” 的相关文章

第一章 不可轻视人,要对一切人都恭敬有礼

1.第一品相应部3相应1经/年轻经(憍萨罗相应/有偈篇/祇夜)这是我亲身经历、听到和见到的,有个时候,佛陀住在舍卫城的祇树林给孤独园。那个时候骄萨罗国的波斯匿王来到佛陀的住所,与佛陀相互问候之后,波斯匿王在佛陀旁边坐下,对佛陀说:“乔达摩(佛陀),你自称:「我已经证悟了宇宙间至高无上真正平等普遍的觉...

第二章 内心生起哪三种念想会让自己受到伤害?

相应部3相应2经/男子经(憍萨罗相应/有偈篇/祇夜)有个时候,骄萨罗国的波斯匿王来到佛陀的住所,顶礼佛陀后,波斯匿王在一旁坐下,他问佛陀:“世尊,当人的内心生起什么的时候,就会对自己不利,让自己产生痛苦,无法安乐?”佛陀说:“大王,当人的内心生起了三种念想的时候,就会对自己不利,让自己产生痛苦,无法...

第四章 谁才是让别人喜欢和拥护的人?

相应部3相应4经/可爱经(憍萨罗相应/有偈篇/祇夜)有个时候,骄萨罗国的波斯匿王来到佛陀的住所,顶礼佛陀后,波斯匿王在一旁坐好,他对佛陀说:“世尊,我独自静坐的时候,心里面生起了这样的念想:「什么样的人是让大家喜欢和拥护的人?什么样的人是让大家不喜欢、厌恶的人?」世尊,我自己是这样来回答这个问题的:...

第十七章 什么方法可以让自己长久的获益?

相应部3相应17经/不放逸经(憍萨罗相应/有偈篇/祇夜)有个时候,骄萨罗国的波斯匿王来到佛陀的住所,顶礼佛陀后,他在一旁坐下,波斯匿王对佛陀说:“世尊,世间有没有一种方法,是可以让自己的现在世获得利益,也可以让自己的未来世获得利益呢?有没有让自己的当世和来世都能获得好处的方法呢?”佛陀说:“大王,有...

第十八章 要与善友、善人、善的群体在一起

相应部3相应18经/善友经(憍萨罗相应/有偈篇/祇夜)有个时候,骄萨罗国的波斯匿王,来到佛陀的住所,顶礼佛陀后,他在一旁坐下,波斯匿王对佛陀说:“世尊,我独自静坐的时候,心中生起了这样的念想:世尊您曾经说过,要与善的团体、善的朋友、善的伴侣、善人在一起,不要与恶的团体、恶的朋友、恶的伴侣、恶人在一起...

第三十七章 多次的播种才能多次的收获果实

相应部7相应12经/优达亚经(婆罗门相应/有偈篇/祇夜)有个时候,佛陀中午穿好法衣,拿着饭钵,进入舍卫城挨家挨户,不分贫富贵贱的化缘饭食,有个叫优陀亚的婆罗门看见佛陀来到自己的住处,就将佛陀的饭钵盛满米饭和斋菜。几天后,佛陀第二次来到优陀亚婆罗门的住处,优陀亚婆罗门又恭敬的供养给佛陀可口的饭菜。又过...