中部124经/跋拘罗经(空品[13])

这是我亲身听闻到的。一时，尊者跋拘罗住在王舍城竹林栗鼠觅食地。那时，尊者跋拘罗的旧日在家朋友裸行者迦叶来到尊者跋拘罗所在之处。来到后，与尊者跋拘罗互相问候。寒暄礼节性的交谈后，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的裸行者迦叶对尊者跋拘罗如是说：

"朋友跋拘罗，你出家多久了？"

"朋友，我出家已有八十年了。"

"朋友跋拘罗，在这八十年中，你行淫多少次？"

"朋友迦叶，你不应该这样问我：'朋友跋拘罗，在这八十年中，你行淫多少次？'你应该这样问我：'朋友跋拘罗，在这八十年中，你曾几次生起欲念？'"

 "朋友，我出家八十年来，不记得曾生起过欲念。尊者跋拘罗在八十年中不记得曾生起过欲念，我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。

朋友，我出家八十年来，不记得曾生起过嗔恚念（嗔解释：愤怒，生气）...伤害念。尊者跋拘罗在八十年中不记得曾生起过伤害念，我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。

朋友，我出家八十年来，不记得曾生起过欲寻。尊者跋拘罗在八十年中不记得曾生起过欲寻，我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。

朋友，我出家八十年来，不记得曾生起过嗔恚寻...伤害寻。尊者跋拘罗在八十年中不记得曾生起过伤害寻，我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。

朋友，我出家八十年来，不记得曾接受过居士供养的衣服。尊者跋拘罗在八十年中不记得曾接受过居士供养的衣服，我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。

朋友，我出家八十年来，不记得曾用刀剪过衣服。尊者跋拘罗在八十年中不记得曾用刀剪过衣服...我们将此视为稀有未曾有之法。

朋友，我出家八十年来，不记得曾用针缝过衣服...不记得曾用染料染过衣服...不记得曾在功德衣时缝过衣服...不记得曾为同修比丘们缝制过衣服...不记得曾接受过邀请...不记得曾生起过这样的念头：'啊，但愿有人邀请我!'...不记得曾坐在俗家之内...不记得曾在俗家之内用餐...不记得曾详细注视过女人的身体特征...不记得曾为女人说法，即使四句偈也没有...不记得曾去过比丘尼寺...不记得曾为比丘尼说法...不记得曾为式叉摩那说法（式叉摩那解释：即未受具足戒前学法中之尼众。为七众之一，家五众之一。又作式叉摩那尼、式叉摩尼、式叉尼、式叉摩拏。意译作学戒女、正学女、学法女。盖受具足戒之前，凡二年内，须修学四根本戒和六法，即学习一切比丘尼之戒行；藉此二年之时间，以验知是否有妊，并藉修行戒法磨练其性情，使习惯出家生活，以坚固其道心。四根本戒即戒淫、戒杀、戒盗、戒大妄语等四重戒。六法指染心相触、盗人四钱、断畜生命、小妄语、非时食、饮酒。据瑜伽师地论之说，女人多烦恼，故须行此渐次受戒之法）...不记得曾为沙弥尼说法（沙弥尼解释：全称室罗摩拏理迦。意译勤策女、息慈女。五众之一，七众之一。指初出家受持十戒而未受具足戒之女子，与沙弥、式叉摩那合称三小众。其受持之十戒与沙弥相同。据四分律卷四十八比丘尼犍度所载，十八岁之未嫁女出家，受沙弥尼十戒，复受两年式叉摩那阶段，年满二十方受比丘尼戒；若是十岁之曾嫁少妇（印度妇女早婚），亦应受二年式叉摩那阶段方可受比丘尼戒。此法系为防范不知有孕之妇人出家受戒而制者，在此之前，可能无年龄之限制，沙弥尼唯受持十戒，其后直接受具足戒）...不记得曾令人出家...不记得曾令人受具足戒...不记得曾给予依止...不记得曾令沙弥侍奉（沙弥解释：全称室罗摩拏洛迦、室罗末尼罗。又作室罗那拏。意译求寂、法公、息恶、息慈、勤策、劳之少者。即止恶行慈、觅求圆寂之意。为五众之一，七众之一。指佛教僧团（即僧伽）中，已受十戒，未受具足戒，年龄在七岁以上、未满二十岁之出家男子。同此，出家女子称沙弥尼。以其勤于策励成为比丘、比丘尼者，故前者译为勤策（勤策男），后者译称勤策女）...不记得曾在浴室沐浴...不记得曾用香粉沐浴...不记得曾为同修比丘们按摩身体...不记得曾生病，即使如挤牛奶那么短的时间也没有...不记得曾服用药物，即使一小片诃子也没有...不记得曾靠在靠枕上...不记得曾躺下休息。尊者跋拘罗...我们将此视为稀有未曾有之法。

朋友，我出家八十年来，不记得曾在村落附近的住处度过雨安居（雨安居解释：夏安居、雨安居、坐夏、夏坐、结夏、坐腊、一夏九旬、九旬禁足、结制安居、结制。印度夏季之雨期达三月之久。此三个月间，出家人禁止外出而聚居一处以致力修行，称为安居。此系唯恐雨季期间外出，踩杀地面之虫类及草树之新芽，招引世讥，故聚集修行，避免外出）。尊者跋拘罗在八十年中不记得曾在村落附近的住处度过雨安居，我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。

朋友，我只有七天是有烦恼地受用国土的食物，到第八天就证得了解脱。尊者跋拘罗只有七天是有烦恼地受用国土的食物，到第八天就证得了解脱，我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。"

"朋友跋拘罗，我希望能在这法、律中出家（律解释：戒律），希望能受具足戒（具足戒解释：音译邬波三钵那。意译近圆，有亲近涅槃之义。又作近圆戒、近具戒、大戒。略称具戒。指比丘、比丘尼所应受持之戒律；因与沙弥、沙弥尼所受十戒相比，戒品具足，故称具足戒。依戒法规定，受持具足戒即正式取得比丘、比丘尼之资格，一般而言，比丘戒有250戒，比丘尼戒有348戒）。"

裸行者迦叶果然在这法、律中出家，受了具足戒。受具足戒不久，尊者迦叶独处、远离、不放逸、精进、专注地生活，不久便证得 - 善男子正确地从在家出家所追求的 - 无上梵行的究竟。他现世自知、自证、自觉、自证得：'生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不受后有。'尊者迦叶成为阿罗汉之一。

后来，尊者跋拘罗拿着门闩，从一个精舍走到另一个精舍，说道："请诸位尊者出来，请诸位尊者出来。今天我将入灭。"尊者跋拘罗拿着门闩，从一个精舍走到另一个精舍，说道：'请诸位尊者出来，请诸位尊者出来。今天我将入灭。'我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。

尊者跋拘罗坐在比丘僧团中间入灭。尊者跋拘罗坐在比丘僧团中间入灭，我们将此视为尊者跋拘罗的稀有未曾有之法。

第四跋拘罗经结束。

巴利语原版经文

MN.124/(4) Bākulasuttaṃ

　　 209. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā bākulo rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho acelakassapo āyasmato bākulassa purāṇagihisahāyo yenāyasmā bākulo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā bākulena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho acelakassapo āyasmantaṃ bākulaṃ etadavoca–

　　 “Kīvaciraṃ pabbajitosi, āvuso bākulā”ti? “Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassā”ti. “Imehi pana te, āvuso bākula, asītiyā vassehi katikkhattuṃ methuno dhammo paṭisevito”ti? “Na kho maṃ, āvuso kassapa, evaṃ pucchitabbaṃ– ‘imehi pana te, āvuso bākula, asītiyā vassehi katikkhattuṃ methuno dhammo paṭisevito’ti. Evañca kho maṃ, āvuso kassapa, pucchitabbaṃ– ‘imehi pana te, āvuso bākula, asītiyā vassehi katikkhattuṃ kāmasaññā uppannapubbā’”ti? ( )

　　 210. “Asīti me, āvuso vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi kāmasaññaṃ uppannapubbaṃ. Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo asītiyā vassehi nābhijānāti kāmasaññaṃ uppannapubbaṃ idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhārema.

　　 “Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi byāpādasaññaṃ …pe… vihiṃsāsaññaṃ uppannapubbaṃ. Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo asītiyā vassehi nābhijānāti vihiṃsāsaññaṃ uppannapubbaṃ, idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhārema.

　　 “Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi kāmavitakkaṃ uppannapubbaṃ. Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo asītiyā vassehi nābhijānāti kāmavitakkaṃ uppannapubbaṃ, idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhārema.

　　 “Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi byāpādavitakkaṃ …pe… vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ uppannapubbaṃ. Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo asītiyā vassehi nābhijānāti vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ uppannapubbaṃ, idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhārema.

　　 211. “Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi gahapaticīvaraṃ sāditā. Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo asītiyā vassehi nābhijānāti gahapaticīvaraṃ sāditā, idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhārema.

　　 “Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi satthena cīvaraṃ chinditā. Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo asītiyā vassehi nābhijānāti satthena cīvaraṃ chinditā …pe… dhārema.

　　 “Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi sūciyā cīvaraṃ sibbitā …pe… nābhijānāmi rajanena cīvaraṃ rajitā… nābhijānāmi kathine cīvaraṃ sibbitā… nābhijānāmi sabrahmacārīnaṃ cīvarakamme vicāritā … nābhijānāmi nimantanaṃ sāditā… nābhijānāmi evarūpaṃ cittaṃ uppannapubbaṃ ‘aho vata maṃ koci nimanteyyā’ti… nābhijānāmi antaraghare nisīditā… nābhijānāmi antaraghare bhuñjitā… nābhijānāmi mātugāmassa anubyañjanaso nimittaṃ gahetā… nābhijānāmi mātugāmassa dhammaṃ desitā antamaso catuppadampi gāthaṃ… nābhijānāmi bhikkhunupassayaṃ upasaṅkamitā… nābhijānāmi bhikkhuniyā dhammaṃ desitā… nābhijānāmi sikkhamānāya dhammaṃ desitā… nābhijānāmi sāmaṇeriyā dhammaṃ desitā… nābhijānāmi pabbājetā… nābhijānāmi upasampādetā… nābhijānāmi nissayaṃ dātā… nābhijānāmi sāmaṇeraṃ upaṭṭhāpetā… nābhijānāmi jantāghare nhāyitā… nābhijānāmi cuṇṇena nhāyitā… nābhijānāmi sabrahmacārīgattaparikamme vicāritā … nābhijānāmi ābādhaṃ uppannapubbaṃ, antamaso gaddūhanamattampi… nābhijānāmi bhesajjaṃ upaharitā, antamaso haritakikhaṇḍampi… nābhijānāmi apassenakaṃ apassayitā… nābhijānāmi seyyaṃ kappetā. Yaṃpāyasmā …pe… dhārema.

　　 “Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi gāmantasenāsane vassaṃ upagantā Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo asītiyā vassehi nābhijānāti gāmantasenāsane vassaṃ upagantā, idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhārema.

　　 “Sattāhameva kho ahaṃ, āvuso, saraṇo raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjiṃ; atha aṭṭhamiyaṃ aññā udapādi. Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo sattāhameva saraṇo raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñji; atha aṭṭhamiyaṃ aññā udapādi idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhārema.

　　 212. “Labheyyāhaṃ, āvuso bākula, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pabbajjaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampadan”ti. Alattha kho acelakassapo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno panāyasmā kassapo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva– yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ– brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro kho panāyasmā kassapo arahataṃ ahosi.

　　 Atha kho āyasmā bākulo aparena samayena avāpuraṇaṃ ādāya vihārena vihāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha– “abhikkamathāyasmanto, abhikkamathāyasmanto. Ajja me parinibbānaṃ bhavissatī”ti. “Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo avāpuraṇaṃ ādāya vihārena vihāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha– ‘abhikkamathāyasmanto, abhikkamathāyasmanto; ajja me parinibbānaṃ bhavissatī’ti, idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhārema”.

　　 Āyasmā bākulo majjhe bhikkhusaṅghassa nisinnakova parinibbāyi. “Yaṃpāyasmā bākulo majjhe bhikkhusaṅghassa nisinnakova parinibbāyi, idampi mayaṃ āyasmato bākulassa acchariyaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ dhāremā”ti.

　　 Bākulasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ catutthaṃ.