第六百二十章 向大海的方向流动
相应部45相应97经/倾向大海经第一(道相应/大篇/修多罗)
相应部45相应 98-102经/倾向大海经第二等五则(道相应/大篇/修多罗)
有个时候,佛陀住在舍卫城的祇树林给孤独园,有一天,佛陀对出家弟子们说:“比丘们(出家人),恒河、耶牟那河、阿致罗筏底河、萨罗浮河、摩醯河的河水往大海的方向流动,越接近大海,这些河流的地势越低,最终这些河流会汇入大海之中。比丘们,同样的道理,经常修习八正道的世间人或众生会往清净涅槃的方向行进(八正道解释,见第五百八十九章),越接近涅槃境界的世间人或众生,他们的烦恼和痛苦就会越少,最终这些经常修习八正道的世间人或众生会进入没有喜怒哀乐,没有烦恼,没有痛苦,没有执着,没有挂念,没有念想的涅槃境界。
比丘们,为什么经常修习八正道就会向清净涅槃的方向行进,就会越来越接近清净涅槃的境界,最终进入清净涅槃的境界呢?比丘们,经常修习八正道就能逐渐熄灭、平息、灭尽贪欲、渴爱、愤怒、无智愚痴、喜怒哀乐、执着、挂念等等烦恼和痛苦,就能让自己的内心向清净安宁的方向和状态行进,就能让自己的内心越来越清净安宁,随着自己烦恼和痛苦的一一熄灭、平息、灭尽,就会让自己越来越接近清净涅槃的境界,就会让自己无限接近清净涅槃的境界,当自己圆满的完成正见、正志、正语、正业、正命、正方便、正念、正定,这八种正道的修行的时候,就能彻底的灭尽一切的烦恼和痛苦,最终进入没有喜怒哀乐,没有烦恼,没有痛苦,没有执着,没有挂念,没有念想的涅槃清净境界。
比丘们,就如同恒河、耶牟那河、阿致罗筏底河、萨罗浮河、摩醯河的河水往大海的方向流动,越接近大海,这些河流的地势越低,最终这些河流会汇入大海中一样,经常修习八正道的世间人或众生会向着清净安宁的方向和状态行进,会向着清净涅槃的方向行进,他们会越来越接近涅槃的境界,他们最终能进入清净涅槃的境界。”
佛陀说法后,听法的出家弟子们都再次的顶礼佛陀,随喜赞叹佛陀说法的无量功德,他们都按着佛陀所说的法去修行。
巴利语原版经文
SN.45.97/(1) Paṭhamasamuddaninnasuttaṃ
97. “Seyyathāpi bhikkhave, gaṅgā nadī samuddaninnā samuddapoṇā samuddapabbhārā; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ …pe… sammāsamādhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
SN.45.98- 102/(2- 6) Dutiyādisamuddaninnasuttapañcakaṃ
98-102. “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yamunā nadī samuddaninnā samuddapoṇā samuddapabbhārā; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu …pe… seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, aciravatī nadī samuddaninnā samuddapoṇā samuddapabbhārā; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu …pe… seyyathāpi bhikkhave, sarabhū nadī samuddaninnā samuddapoṇā samuddapabbhārā; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu …pe… seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahī nadī samuddaninnā samuddapoṇā samuddapabbhārā; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu …pe… seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yā kācimā mahānadiyo, seyyathidaṃ– gaṅgā, yamunā, aciravatī, sarabhū, mahī, sabbā tā samuddaninnā samuddapoṇā samuddapabbhārā; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro. Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ …pe… sammāsamādhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto nibbānaninno hoti nibbānapoṇo nibbānapabbhāro”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
Gaṅgāpeyyālavaggo paṭhamo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Cha pācīnato ninnā, cha ninnā ca samuddato;
Ete dve cha dvādasa honti, vaggo tena pavuccatīti.
Gaṅgāpeyyālī pācīnaninnavācanamaggī,
Vivekanissitaṃ dvādasakī paṭhamakī.