第一千零九十四章 逐项经
2.逐步品
中部111经/逐项经(逐步品[12])
这是我亲身听闻到的:一时,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:"诸比丘。"那些比丘回答说:"尊者。"世尊如是说:
"诸比丘,舍利弗是智者;诸比丘,舍利弗具大智慧;诸比丘,舍利弗具广博智慧;诸比丘,舍利弗具欢喜智慧;诸比丘,舍利弗具迅捷智慧;诸比丘,舍利弗具锐利智慧;诸比丘,舍利弗具洞察智慧;诸比丘,舍利弗半个月来一直在进行逐项法观。诸比丘,这就是舍利弗的逐项法观。
"在此,诸比丘,舍利弗离欲,离不善法,有寻有伺,离生喜乐,成就并安住于初禅(有寻有伺解释,见第八百八十九章;初禅解释,见第一百五十五章)。在初禅中的诸法:寻、伺、喜、乐、心一境性,以及触、受、想、思、心、欲、胜解、精进、念、舍、作意——这些法他都逐一辨别。这些法生起时他知道,存在时他知道,消失时他知道。他如是了知:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知还有。
"再者,诸比丘,舍利弗止息寻伺,内心宁静,心专注一境,无寻无伺,定生喜乐,成就并安住于第二禅(第二禅解释:即是二禅,见第一百五十五章)。在第二禅中的诸法:内心净信、喜、乐、心一境性,以及触、受、想、思、心、欲、胜解、精进、念、舍、作意——这些法他都逐一辨别。这些法生起时他知道,存在时他知道,消失时他知道。他如是了知:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知还有。
"再者,诸比丘,舍利弗离喜,住于舍,正念正知(正念正知解释:只专注当前正在做的事情,除此之外,内心不想其他事情,不专注其他事情),以身受乐,正如圣者所说的'舍念乐住',成就并安住于第三禅(三禅解释,见第一百五十五章)。在第三禅中的诸法:乐、念、正知、心一境性,以及触、受、想、思、心、欲、胜解、精进、念、舍、作意——这些法他都逐一辨别。这些法生起时他知道,存在时他知道,消失时他知道。他如是了知:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知还有。
"再者,诸比丘,舍利弗舍乐舍苦,先前的喜忧已灭,不苦不乐,舍念清净,成就并安住于第四禅(四禅解释,见第一百五十五章)。在第四禅中的诸法:舍、不苦不乐受、心的平静、无执取、念的清净、心一境性,以及触、受、想、思、心、欲、胜解、精进、念、舍、作意——这些法他都逐一辨别。这些法生起时他知道,存在时他知道,消失时他知道。他如是了知:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知还有。
"再者,诸比丘,舍利弗超越一切色想,灭有对想,不作意种种想,'空无边',成就并安住于空无边处(色解释:物质事物,物质身体;有对想解释:即是五根对五境接触碰撞生起念想,也就是由眼睛与物质事物,耳朵与声音,鼻子与气味,舌头与味道,身体与触觉生起念想;空无边处解释,见第一百五十五章)。在空无边处的诸法:空无边处想、心一境性,以及触、受、想、思、心、欲、胜解、精进、念、舍、作意——这些法他都逐一辨别。这些法生起时他知道,存在时他知道,消失时他知道。他如是了知:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知还有。
"再者,诸比丘,舍利弗超越一切空无边处,'识无边',成就并安住于识无边处(识无边处解释,见第一百五十五章)。在识无边处的诸法:识无边处想、心一境性,以及触、受、想、思、心、欲、胜解、精进、念、舍、作意——这些法他都逐一辨别。这些法生起时他知道,存在时他知道,消失时他知道。他如是了知:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知还有。
"再者,诸比丘,舍利弗超越一切识无边处,'无所有',成就并安住于无所有处(无所有处解释,见第一百五十五章)。在无所有处的诸法:无所有处想、心一境性,以及触、受、想、思、心、欲、胜解、精进、念、舍、作意——这些法他都逐一辨别。这些法生起时他知道,存在时他知道,消失时他知道。他如是了知:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知还有。
"再者,诸比丘,舍利弗超越一切无所有处,成就并安住于非想非非想处(非想非非想处解释,见第一百五十五章)。他从那定中正念出定。从那定中正念出定后,他如是省察那些已灭、已变的法:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知还有。
"再者,诸比丘,舍利弗超越一切非想非非想处,成就并安住于想受灭(想受灭解释,见第一百五十五章)。以慧见诸漏已尽(诸漏解释:各种烦恼)。他从那定中正念出定。从那定中正念出定后,他如是省察那些已灭、已变的法:'这些法本无而生,有已还灭。'对于这些法,他不依赖,不执着,不系缚,解脱,离缚,以无限制之心而住。他知道'没有更高的出离',由于多修习,他确知没有了。
"诸比丘,若有人正确地说:'他在圣戒中已得自在、达到彼岸;在圣定中已得自在、达到彼岸;在圣慧中已得自在、达到彼岸;在圣解脱中已得自在、达到彼岸',那么正确地说,就是在说舍利弗:'他在圣戒中已得自在、达到彼岸;在圣定中已得自在、达到彼岸;在圣慧中已得自在、达到彼岸;在圣解脱中已得自在、达到彼岸'。诸比丘,若有人正确地说:'他是世尊之子,从口生,从法生,由法造,法之继承人,非物质之继承人',那么正确地说,就是在说舍利弗:'他是世尊之子,从口生,从法生,由法造,法之继承人,非物质之继承人'。诸比丘,舍利弗能很好地转动如来所转无上法轮。"
世尊如是说。那些比丘欢喜、随喜世尊之所说。
逐项经结束。
巴利语原版经文
2. Anupadavaggo
MN.111/(1) Anupadasuttaṃ
93. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–
“Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, sāriputto; mahāpañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; puthupañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; hāsapañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; javanapañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; tikkhapañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; nibbedhikapañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; sāriputto, bhikkhave, aḍḍhamāsaṃ anupadadhammavipassanaṃ vipassati. Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputtassa anupadadhammavipassanāya hoti.
94. “Idha, bhikkhave, sāriputto vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca paṭhame jhāne dhammā vitakko ca vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca dutiye jhāne dhammā– ajjhattaṃ sampasādo ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti. Yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti– ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca tatiye jhāne dhammā– sukhañca sati ca sampajaññañc cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti, tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca catutthe jhāne dhammā– upekkhā adukkhamasukhā vedanā passaddhattā cetaso anābhogo satipārisuddhi cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyā-e anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca ākāsānañcāyatane dhammā– ākāsānañcāyatanasaññā ca cittekaggatā ca phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca viññāṇañcāyatane dhammā– viññāṇañcāyatanasaññā ca cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca ākiñcaññāyatane dhammā– ākiñcaññāyatanasaññā ca cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro – tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
95. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So tāya samāpattiyā sato vuṭṭhahati. So tāya samāpattiyā sato vuṭṭhahitvā ye dhammā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā te dhamme samanupassati ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
96. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā honti. So tāya samāpattiyā sato vuṭṭhahati. So tāya samāpattiyā sato vuṭṭhahitvā ye dhammā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā te dhamme samanupassati– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘natthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā natthitvevassa hoti.
97. “Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ sīlasmiṃ, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ samādhismiṃ, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya paññāya vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya vimuttiyā’ti, sāriputtameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ sīlasmiṃ, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ samādhismiṃ, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya paññāya, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya vimuttiyā’ti. Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo no āmisadāyādo’ti, sāriputtameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo no āmisadāyādo’ti. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavattetī”ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Anupadasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.