第一千零七十四章 梵摩经

5.婆罗门品

中部91经/梵摩经(婆罗门品[10])


这是我亲身听闻到的,一时,世尊与大比丘僧团五百人在毗提诃国游行。当时,梵摩婆罗门住在弥絺罗城。他年老体衰,寿命已尽,年龄一百二十岁。他精通三吠陀(吠陀解释:意译智、明、明智、明解、分。又称围陀论、毗陀论经、薜陀咒、智论、明论。古印度婆罗门教根本圣典之总称。原义为知识,即婆罗门教基本文献之神圣知识宝库。为与祭祀仪式有密切关联之宗教文献。关于其成书年代,有诸异说,一般推断,应始于雅利安人自西北入侵,定居印度河流域之五河地方(即今旁遮普),完成于其后移居恒河流域时。原有三种,即梨俱吠陀、沙摩吠陀、夜柔吠陀,此三者称为三明、三吠陀、三韦陀论、三部旧典。加上阿闼婆吠陀,即成四吠陀),以及词句学、礼仪学、语音学和古传说为第五项学问。他通晓词句,精通文法,善于世间论和大人相。


梵摩婆罗门听说:"据说,沙门乔达摩,释迦族人,从释迦族出家,正在毗提诃国游行,与大比丘僧团五百人同行。关于这位乔达摩先生,有这样美好的名声流传:'这位世尊是阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊(阿罗汉解释:阿罗汉是佛教中的最高修行境界,也是四种圣者(四果)中的最后一个阶段,阿罗汉是指已经完全断除所有烦恼,达到最终解脱的修行者。"阿罗汉"可译为"应供"、"无学"或"杀贼",意味着值得供养、不再需要学习、已杀死内心的烦恼;应供解释:断尽一切烦恼,智德圆满,应受人天供养、尊敬者;正等正觉解释:觉即知也。觉知遍于一切,是遍也。觉知契于理,是正也。谓遍正觉知一切法也。又诸佛之觉知平等,故曰等,离邪妄故曰等。明行足解释:明者,无上正等正觉也,行足者,脚足之义,指戒定慧言。佛依戒定慧之脚足而得无上正等正觉,故名明行足。善逝解释:又作善去、善解、善说无患、好说、好去。意即进入种种甚深三摩提与无量妙智慧中。世间解解释:即佛能了知众生、非众生二种世间之一切,既了知世间之因、世间之灭,亦了知出世间之道。无上士解释:又作无上、无上丈夫。如来之智德,于人中最胜,无有过之者,故称无上士。调御丈夫解释:可化导一切丈夫之调御师。佛以大慈、大悲、大智故,有时软美语,有时苦切语,有时杂语,以此调御令不失道。天人师解释:又作天人教师。谓佛陀为诸天与人类之教师,示导一切应作不应作、是善是不善,若能依教而行,不舍道法,能得解脱烦恼之报,故称天人师。又以佛陀度天、人者众,度余道者寡,故称为天人师。佛解释:即觉者,觉者解释:又作觉、知者。即已舍去迷妄分别,自彻真源,开显真理,具有大慈悲、大智慧、自觉、觉他、觉行圆满之圣者。世尊解释:为世间所尊重者之意,亦指世界中之最尊者)。他以自己的智慧证悟了这个包括天、魔、梵天,以及沙门、婆罗门、天、人在内的世界(天神、魔罗、梵天解释,见第八百零五章;沙门解释:出家修行人;婆罗门解释:意译净行、梵行、梵志、承习。印度四姓中,最上位之僧侣、学者阶级。为古印度一切知识之垄断者,自认为印度社会之最胜种姓),并且宣说。他宣说的法,初善、中善、后善,文义具足,开显清净的梵行(梵行解释:清净的修行,一般指修行八正道)。见到这样的阿罗汉是很好的。'"


当时,梵摩婆罗门有一个名叫优多罗的年轻学生,他也精通三吠陀,以及词句学、礼仪学、语音学和古传说为第五项学问。他通晓词句,精通文法,善于世间论和大人相。于是梵摩婆罗门对优多罗说:"亲爱的优多罗,据说这位沙门乔达摩,释迦族人,从释迦族出家,正在毗提诃国游行,与大比丘僧团五百人同行。关于这位乔达摩先生,有这样美好的名声流传:'这位世尊是阿罗汉、正等正觉......见到这样的阿罗汉是很好的。'你去见沙门乔达摩,观察他是否如传闻所说,是否名副其实。这样我们就能了解乔达摩先生了。"


"尊者,我怎样才能知道乔达摩先生是否如传闻所说,是否名副其实呢?"


"亲爱的优多罗,在我们的圣典中记载了三十二大人相。具备这些相好的大人只有两种去向,没有其他:如果居家,他将成为转轮圣王,以正法统治四方,是国土安定的君主,具足七宝。他的七宝是:轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝,第七是将军宝。他有一千多个勇敢的儿子,能征服敌军。他以正法而非暴力、刀剑统治这片直到海洋的土地。如果他从家庭生活出家,他将成为阿罗汉、正等正觉,揭开世间的面纱。亲爱的优多罗,我是传授圣典的老师,你是接受圣典的学生。"


"好的,尊者。"优多罗回答梵摩婆罗门。他起身礼敬梵摩婆罗门,右绕后离开,前往毗提诃国寻找世尊。他一路游行,最后来到世尊所在的地方。到达后,他与世尊互相问候。互相寒暄后,他坐在一旁。坐下后,优多罗仔细观察世尊身上的三十二大人相。


他看到了世尊身上的大部分相好,只有两处存疑。对于这两种大人相,他犹豫不决,困惑不解,无法确信 - 即隐密处和广长舌。


这时,世尊想:"这个优多罗看到了我身上的大部分相好,只有两处存疑。对于这两种大人相,他犹豫不决,困惑不解,无法确信 - 即隐密处和广长舌。"于是世尊施展神通,让优多罗看到他的隐密处。然后世尊伸出舌头,舔了舔两耳,舔了舔两鼻孔,甚至用舌头覆盖了整个前额。


这时,优多罗想:"沙门乔达摩确实具备三十二大人相。不如我跟随沙门乔达摩,观察他的行为。"于是优多罗跟随世尊七个月,如影随形。


七个月后,优多罗离开毗提诃国,前往弥絺罗城。他一路游行,最后来到梵摩婆罗门所在的地方。到达后,他礼敬梵摩婆罗门,然后坐在一旁。梵摩婆罗门问优多罗:"亲爱的优多罗,关于乔达摩先生的名声是否如实?他是否名副其实?"


"尊者,关于乔达摩先生的名声确实如实,他名副其实。而且,乔达摩先生确实具备三十二大人相:


1. 他脚掌平坦。这是乔达摩先生作为大人的相好。


2. 在他的脚掌下有千辐轮相,具备轮毂和轮辋,各方面都很完美。


3. 他的脚跟圆满。  


4. 他的手指修长。


5. 他的手掌柔软细腻。


6. 他的手掌和脚掌有网纹。


7. 他的脚踝高耸。


8. 他的小腿像羚羊腿。


9. 他站立时,双手能抚摸双膝,无需弯腰。


10. 他的隐密处隐藏在鞘内。


11. 他的肤色金黄,如同精炼的黄金。


12. 他的皮肤细腻光滑,尘垢不染。


13. 他的体毛一一孔生一毛。


14. 他的体毛向上生长,蓝黑色,向右旋转。


15. 他的身体笔直如梵天。


16. 他的七处圆满丰满。


17. 他上身如狮子。


18. 他两肩之间饱满。


19. 他身体圆满如尼拘律树,身高与双臂展开等长。


20. 他的胸部圆满。


21. 他有完美的味觉。


22. 他的下巴如狮子。


23. 他有四十颗牙齿。


24. 他的牙齿整齐。


25. 他的牙齿紧密无缝隙。


26. 他的犬齿洁白明亮。


27. 他的舌头修长。


28. 他的声音如梵音,如同迦陵频伽鸟。


29. 他的眼睛湛蓝。


30. 他的眼睫如牛王。


31. 他两眉之间有白毫,柔软如棉絮。


32. 他的头顶有肉髻。这是乔达摩先生作为大人的相好。


乔达摩先生具备这三十二大人相。


当乔达摩先生行走时,他先迈出右脚。他的脚步既不太长也不太短。他行走的速度既不太快也不太慢。他行走时,大腿不相碰,脚踝也不相碰。他行走时,既不抬高大腿,也不下压大腿,不内弯大腿,也不外展大腿。他行走时,只有下半身移动,不用身体力量行走。他回头看时,全身转向回看。他不向上看,不向下看,也不东张西望,只看前方一犁距。他的视野更远,无阻碍。


当他进入房屋时,不仰身,不低头,不倾身,不弯身。他转身时,不离座位太远也不太近。他坐下时,不扶着座位,也不将身体重重落在座位上。他坐在室内时,不玩弄手脚,不将腿交叉,不以脚踝相交,不手托下巴。他坐在室内时,不恐惧,不颤抖,不战栗,不害怕。他没有恐惧、颤抖、战栗、害怕,毛发不竖立。他独处时坐在室内。


他接受洗钵水时,不抬高钵,不下压钵,不向内倾斜钵,不向外倾斜钵。他接受适量的洗钵水,既不太多也不太少。他洗钵时不发出哗啦哗啦的声音,也不转动钵。他不将钵放在地上洗手,而是洗手的同时洗钵。他倒掉洗钵水时,既不太远也不太近,不洒得到处都是。


他接受饭食时,不抬高钵,不下压钵,不向内倾斜钵,不向外倾斜钵。他接受适量的饭食,既不太多也不太少。他吃适量的菜,不用菜盖住饭。他将食物在口中咀嚼两三次后吞下,不让未嚼碎的食物进入身体,也不让食物残留在口中。然后他再取下一口食物。他品尝食物的味道,但不贪着味道。


他进食时具备八种品质:不为嬉戏,不为骄慢,不为装饰,不为庄严,只为维持这个身体,为了避免伤害,为了支持梵行,想:'这样我将消除旧的苦受,不生新的苦受,我将健康,无过失,安乐地生活。'


他用完餐后接受洗钵水时,不抬高钵,不下压钵,不向内倾斜钵,不向外倾斜钵。他接受适量的洗钵水,既不太多也不太少。他洗钵时不发出哗啦哗啦的声音,也不转动钵。他不将钵放在地上洗手,而是洗手的同时洗钵。他倒掉洗钵水时,既不太远也不太近,不洒得到处都是。


他用完餐后,将钵放在地上,既不太远也不太近。他不漫不经心对待钵,也不过分小心保护钵。他用完餐后静坐片刻,但不错过说感恩的时机。他用完餐后说感恩,不批评这顿饭,也不期待下一顿饭。他只用佛法教导、激励、鼓舞和鼓励听众。他用佛法教导、激励、鼓舞和鼓励听众后,从座位起身离开。


他行走时既不太快也不太慢,也不像想逃跑一样。他的袈裟既不向上拉得太高,也不向下垂得太低。他的袈裟既不贴身,也不离身太远。风不会吹动他的袈裟。尘土不会沾染他的身体。


他到精舍后,坐在准备好的座位上。坐下后,他洗脚。他不热衷于修饰脚。洗完脚后,他结跏趺坐(结跏趺坐解释:坐法之一。又作结加趺坐、结跏跗坐、跏趺正坐、跏趺坐、加趺坐、跏坐、结坐。即互交二足,结跏安坐。又称交一足为半跏趺坐、半跏坐、半跏、贤坐;称交二足为全跏坐、本跏坐、全跏、大坐、莲华坐。其坐法即双膝弯曲,两足掌向上之形式,可分为降魔、吉祥二种:1.先以右足压左股,后以左足压右股,二足掌仰于二股之上,手亦左手居上,称为降魔坐。天台、禅宗等显教诸宗多传此坐。2.先以左足压右股,后以右足压左股,手亦右手压左手,称为吉祥坐。密宗亦称之为莲花坐。如来于菩提树下成正觉时,身安吉祥之坐,手作降魔印。此多于密教中行之,盖以右足表示佛界,左足表示众生界。以右足压左足,乃佛界摄取众生界,众生界归佛界之意,即表示生佛不二之义),保持身体挺直,在面前安住正念。他不思维伤害自己,不思维伤害他人,不思维伤害双方。他坐在那里,心中只想着对自己、他人、双方和全世界有益的事。


在精舍里,他为听众说法,不抬高他们,不贬低他们。他只用佛法教导、激励、鼓舞和鼓励听众。


从他口中发出的声音具有八种特质:清晰、易懂、悦耳、动听、圆润、不散乱、深沉而有回响。他用声音让听众理解,但他的声音不超出听众范围。听众在他的教导、激励、鼓舞和鼓励下,从座位起身离开时,依依不舍地回头观望。


尊者,我们看到乔达摩先生行走,看到他站立,看到他进入室内,看到他在室内静坐,看到他在室内用餐,看到他用完餐后静坐,看到他用完餐后说感恩,看到他返回精舍,看到他在精舍静坐,看到他在精舍为听众说法。乔达摩先生就是这样的,而且还不止于此。"


听到这番话,梵摩婆罗门从座位起身,整理上衣搭在一肩,向世尊合掌,说出这样的赞颂:


"礼敬世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉!  

礼敬世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉!  

礼敬世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉!"


"也许我们有朝一日能见到乔达摩先生!也许能有机会与他交谈!"


这时,世尊在毗提诃国游行,来到弥絺罗城。在那里,世尊住在摩揭陀王芒果林中。弥絺罗城的婆罗门和居士们听说:"沙门乔达摩,释迦族人,从释迦族出家,在毗提诃国游行,与大比丘僧团五百人一起来到了弥絺罗,正住在摩揭陀王芒果林中。关于这位乔达摩先生,有这样美好的名声流传:'这位世尊是阿罗汉、正等正觉、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士、调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。他以自己的智慧证悟了这个包括天、魔、梵天,以及沙门、婆罗门、天、人在内的世界,并且宣说。他宣说的法,初善、中善、后善,文义具足,开显清净的梵行。见到这样的阿罗汉是很好的。'"


于是,弥絺罗城的婆罗门和居士们前往世尊所在的地方。到达后,有些人礼敬世尊后坐在一旁;有些人与世尊互相问候,互相寒暄后坐在一旁;有些人向世尊合掌后坐在一旁;有些人在世尊面前报上姓名后坐在一旁;有些人默默地坐在一旁。


梵摩婆罗门听说:"沙门乔达摩,释迦族人,从释迦族出家,来到了弥絺罗,正住在摩揭陀王芒果林中。"于是,梵摩婆罗门与众多弟子一起前往摩揭陀王芒果林。当接近芒果林时,梵摩婆罗门想:"如果我不先通报就去见沙门乔达摩,那是不合适的。"于是梵摩婆罗门叫来一个年轻学生,说:"来吧,年轻人,你去见沙门乔达摩,到那里后,用我的名义问候沙门乔达摩是否少病、少恼、轻快、强健、安乐。就说:'梵摩婆罗门问候乔达摩先生是否少病、少恼、轻快、强健、安乐。'然后说:'梵摩婆罗门年老体衰,寿命已尽,年龄一百二十岁。他精通三吠陀,以及词句学、礼仪学、语音学和古传说为第五项学问。他通晓词句,精通文法,善于世间论和大人相。在弥絺罗城所有的婆罗门和居士中,梵摩被认为是最富有的;在弥絺罗城所有的婆罗门和居士中,梵摩被认为是最精通圣典的;在弥絺罗城所有的婆罗门和居士中,梵摩被认为是最长寿和最有声望的。他想见乔达摩先生。'"


"好的,尊者。"那个年轻人回答梵摩婆罗门。他来到世尊所在的地方,与世尊互相问候。互相寒暄后,他站在一旁,对世尊说:"梵摩婆罗门问候乔达摩先生是否少病、少恼、轻快、强健、安乐。他还说:'梵摩婆罗门年老体衰,寿命已尽,年龄一百二十岁。他精通三吠陀......他想见乔达摩先生。'"


世尊说:"年轻人,就让梵摩婆罗门自己选择合适的时间吧。"


那个年轻人回到梵摩婆罗门那里,说:"我已经转达了您的话给沙门乔达摩。他说:'就让梵摩婆罗门自己选择合适的时间吧。'尊者,现在您可以自行决定了。"


于是,梵摩婆罗门前往世尊所在的地方。众人看到梵摩婆罗门远远走来,就给他让出一条路,因为他是有名望的人。梵摩婆罗门对众人说:"够了,诸位!请各位坐在自己的座位上。我要在沙门乔达摩旁边坐下。"


然后,梵摩婆罗门来到世尊所在的地方。到达后,与世尊互相问候。互相寒暄后,他坐在一旁。坐下后,梵摩婆罗门仔细观察世尊身上的三十二大人相。他看到了世尊身上的大部分相好,只有两处存疑。对于这两种大人相,他犹豫不决,困惑不解,无法确信 - 即隐密处和广长舌。


这时,世尊想:"这个梵摩婆罗门看到了我身上的大部分相好,只有两处存疑。对于这两种大人相,他犹豫不决,困惑不解,无法确信 - 即隐密处和广长舌。"于是世尊施展神通,让梵摩婆罗门看到他的隐密处。然后世尊伸出舌头,舔了舔两耳,舔了舔两鼻孔,甚至用舌头覆盖了整个前额。


这时,梵摩婆罗门想:"沙门乔达摩确实具备三十二大人相。我现在要请教他一些问题。"于是梵摩婆罗门用偈颂问世尊:


"如何成为婆罗门?如何成为通晓圣典者?  

如何成为三明者(三明解释:三明是佛教中的一个重要概念,指的是佛陀或阿罗汉所具备的三种殊胜智慧。这三种智慧被认为是修行者达到最高境界的标志。1. 宿命明:这是能够了知自己和他人过去生命的能力,修行者能够回忆起自己和其他众生的前世,包括出生地、姓名、种族、生活经历等,这种能力帮助修行者理解因果关系和轮回的本质。2. 天眼明:又称"死生明",是能够看到众生死亡和重生过程的能力。修行者能够观察到众生如何根据自己的业力在六道中轮回。这种洞察力加深了对因果法则的理解。3. 漏尽明:这是最重要的一种智慧,指彻底断除一切烦恼和无明的能力。"漏"指导致轮回的烦恼和无明。通过这种智慧,修行者完全了知四圣谛,断除所有烦恼,获得解脱。这三种智慧被认为是佛陀和阿罗汉所具有的殊胜能力,代表了修行的最高成就。在佛教修行中,"三明"不仅是一种能力的展现,更重要的是它们象征着对宇宙真理的深刻理解和个人修行的圆满完成;四圣谛解释,见第九百三十二章)?如何被称为圣者?  

如何成为阿罗汉?如何成为究竟者?  

如何成为牟尼?如何被称为佛陀?"


世尊用偈颂回答梵摩婆罗门:


"知晓过去世,见天界与恶趣,  

到达生死尽头,通达神通的牟尼。  

知心已清净,解脱一切贪,  

舍弃生与死,圆满梵行者。  

通达一切法,被称为佛陀。"


听到这番话,梵摩婆罗门从座位起身,整理上衣搭在一肩,以头面礼拜世尊双足,用嘴亲吻世尊双足,用手抚摸世尊双足,并自报姓名:"乔达摩先生,我是婆罗门梵摩;乔达摩先生,我是婆罗门梵摩。"


这时,在座的人感到惊讶和震撼,说:"真是不可思议啊!真是未曾有啊!这位有名望的梵摩婆罗门竟然如此恭敬地礼拜!"


这时,世尊对梵摩婆罗门说:"够了,婆罗门,请起来,坐回你的座位。因为你对我已经生起了信心。"于是梵摩婆罗门起身,回到自己的座位上坐下。


然后,世尊为梵摩婆罗门循序渐进地说法,即:说布施,说持戒,说生天,说欲望的过患、卑劣和染污,说出离的功德。当世尊知道梵摩婆罗门的心已经准备好、柔软、没有障碍、欢喜、清净时,他就开示诸佛特有的法要:苦、集、灭、道(四圣谛解释,见第九百三十二章)。就像一块干净的布很容易染上颜色,同样地,梵摩婆罗门就在那个座位上远尘离垢,生起了法眼:"凡是有生起的性质,都有灭尽的性质。"


这时,梵摩婆罗门已经见法、得法、知法、深入法,超越疑惑,断除迷惘,得到自信,不依赖他人而理解佛陀的教导。他对世尊说:"太殊胜了,乔达摩先生!太殊胜了,乔达摩先生!就像有人扶起摔倒的东西,揭开遮蔽的东西,为迷路的人指路,在黑暗中举起油灯,让有眼睛的人能看见东西。同样地,乔达摩先生以种种方便开示了法。我皈依乔达摩先生,皈依法,皈依比丘僧团。愿乔达摩先生接受我为优婆塞(优婆塞解释:没有出家,尊敬、供养佛法僧三宝的在家修行男居士),从今天起终生皈依。请世尊和比丘僧团明天接受我的供养。"


世尊以沉默表示同意。这时,梵摩婆罗门知道世尊已经接受,就从座位上起身,礼敬世尊,右绕后离开。梵摩婆罗门在那天夜里准备了精美的硬食和软食,然后派人告诉世尊:"乔达摩先生,时间到了,饭食已经准备好了。"


这时,世尊在上午时分穿好衣服,拿着钵和外衣,前往梵摩婆罗门的住处。到达后,和比丘僧团一起坐在准备好的座位上。然后,梵摩婆罗门亲自用精美的硬食和软食供养以佛陀为首的比丘僧团,让他们满意。七天之后,世尊离开毗提诃国继续游行。


世尊离开不久,梵摩婆罗门就去世了。这时,一群比丘来到世尊所在的地方。到达后,礼敬世尊,坐在一旁。坐下后,这些比丘对世尊说:"尊者,婆罗门梵摩去世了。他的去处是什么?来世如何?"


世尊说:"比丘们,婆罗门梵摩是一位智者。他按照法而行道,不曾因法而烦扰我。比丘们,婆罗门梵摩已经断尽了五下分结,是化生者,将在那里般涅槃,不会从那个世界再回来。"


世尊说了这番话。那些比丘满怀欢喜,赞叹世尊的话。


梵摩经结束。


巴利语原版经文


5. Brāhmaṇavaggo

MN.91/(1) Brahmāyusuttaṃ

   383. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā videhesu cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi. Tena kho pana samayena brahmāyu brāhmaṇo mithilāyaṃ paṭivasati jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayo-anuppatto, vīsavassasatiko jātiyā, tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ, padako, veyyākaraṇo, lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo. Assosi kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo– “samaṇo khalu bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito videhesu cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’”ti.

   384. Tena kho pana samayena brahmāyussa brāhmaṇassa uttaro nāma māṇavo antevāsī hoti tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ, padako, veyyākaraṇo, lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uttaraṃ māṇavaṃ āmantesi– “ayaṃ, tāta uttara, samaṇo gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito videhesu cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho …pe… sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’ti. Ehi tvaṃ, tāta uttara, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ jānāhi yadi vā taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ tathā santaṃyeva saddo abbhuggato, yadi vā no tathā; yadi vā so bhavaṃ gotamo tādiso, yadi vā na tādiso. Tathā mayaṃ taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ vedissāmā”ti. “Yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ, bho, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ jānissāmi yadi vā taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ tathā santaṃyeva saddo abbhuggato, yadi vā no tathā; yadi vā so bhavaṃ gotamo tādiso, yadi vā na tādiso”ti. “Āgatāni kho, tāta uttara, amhākaṃ mantesu dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveyeva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti, seyyathidaṃ– cakkaratanaṃ, hatthiratanaṃ, assaratanaṃ, maṇiratanaṃ, itthiratanaṃ, gahapatiratanaṃ, pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado. Ahaṃ kho pana, tāta uttara, mantānaṃ dātā; tvaṃ mantānaṃ paṭiggahetā”ti.

   385. “Evaṃ, bho”ti kho uttaro māṇavo brahmāyussa brāhmaṇassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā brahmāyuṃ brāhmaṇaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā videhesu yena bhagavā tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho uttaro māṇavo bhagavato kāye dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni samannesi. Addasā kho uttaro māṇavo bhagavato kāye dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yebhuyyena thapetvā dve. Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati– kosohite ca vatthaguyhe, pahūtajivhatāya ca. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi– “passati kho me ayaṃ uttaro māṇavo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni yebhuyyena thapetvā dve. Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati– kosohite ca vatthaguyhe, pahūtajivhatāya cā”ti. Atha kho bhagavā tathārūpaṃ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkhāsi yathā addasa uttaro māṇavo bhagavato kosohitaṃ vatthaguyhaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā jivhaṃ ninnāmetvā ubhopi kaṇṇasotāni anumasi paṭimasi; ubhopi nāsikasotāni anumasi paṭimasi; kevalampi nalāṭamaṇḍalaṃ jivhāya chādesi. Atha kho uttarassa māṇavassa etadahosi– “samannāgato kho samaṇo gotamo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ anubandheyyaṃ, iriyāpathamassa passeyyan”ti. Atha kho uttaro māṇavo sattamāsāni bhagavantaṃ anubandhi chāyāva anapāyinī.

   386. Atha kho uttaro māṇavo sattannaṃ māsānaṃ accayena videhesu yena mithilā tena cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena mithilā yena brahmāyu brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā brahmāyuṃ brāhmaṇaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho uttaraṃ māṇavaṃ brahmāyu brāhmaṇo etadavoca– “kacci, tāta uttara, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ tathā santaṃyeva saddo abbhuggato no aññathā? Kacci pana so bhavaṃ gotamo tādiso, no aññādiso”ti? “Tathā santaṃyeva, bho, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saddo abbhuggato, no aññathā; tādisova so bhavaṃ gotamo, no aññādiso. Samannāgato ca so bhavaṃ gotamo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi.

   “Suppatiṭṭhitapādo kho pana bhavaṃ gotamo; idampi tassa bhoto gotamassa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

   “Heṭṭhā kho pana tassa bhoto gotamassa pādatalesu cakkāni jātāni sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni…

   “Āyatapaṇhi kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Dīghaṅguli kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Mudutalunahatthapādo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Jālahatthapādo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Ussaṅkhapādo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Eṇijaṅgho kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Ṭhitako kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati…

   “Kosohitavatthaguyho kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Suvaṇṇavaṇṇo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo kañcanasannibhattaco…

   “Sukhumacchavi kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo. Sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṃ kāye na upalimpati…

   “Ekekalomo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo; ekekāni lomāni lomakūpesu jātāni…

   “Uddhaggalomo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo; uddhaggāni lomāni jātāni nīlāni añjanavaṇṇāni kuṇḍalāvaṭṭāni dakkhiṇāvaṭṭakajātāni…

   “Brahmujugatto kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Sattussado kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Sīhapubbaddhakāyo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Citantaraṃso kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo; yāvatakvassa kāyo tāvatakvassa byāmo, yāvatakvassa byāmo tāvatakvassa kāyo…

   “Samavaṭṭakkhandho kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Rasaggasaggī kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Sīhahanu kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Cattālīsadanto kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Samadanto kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Aviraḷadanto kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Susukkadāṭho kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Pahūtajivho kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Brahmassaro kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo karavikabhāṇī…

   “Abhinīlanetto kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Gopakhumo kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo…

   “Uṇṇā kho panassa bhoto gotamassa bhamukantare jātā odātā mudutūlasannibhā…

   “Uṇhīsasīso kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo; idampi tassa bhoto gotamassa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

   “Imehi kho, bho, so bhavaṃ gotamo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato.

   387. “Gacchanto kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo dakkhiṇeneva pādena paṭhamaṃ pakkamati. So nātidūre pādaṃ uddharati, nāccāsanne pādaṃ nikkhipati; so nātisīghaṃ gacchati, nātisaṇikaṃ gacchati; na ca adduvena adduvaṃ saṅghaṭṭento gacchati, na ca gopphakena gopphakaṃ saṅghaṭṭento gacchati. So gacchanto na satthiṃ unnāmeti, na satthiṃ onāmeti; na satthiṃ sannāmeti, na satthiṃ vināmeti. Gacchato kho pana tassa bhoto gotamassa adharakāyova iñjati, na ca kāyabalena gacchati. Apalokento kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo sabbakāyeneva apaloketi; so na uddhaṃ ulloketi, na adho oloketi; na ca vipekkhamāno gacchati, yugamattañca pekkhati; tato cassa uttari anāvaṭaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ bhavati. So antaragharaṃ pavisanto na kāyaṃ unnāmeti na kāyaṃ onāmeti; na kāyaṃ sannāmeti, na kāyaṃ vināmeti. So nātidūre nāccāsanne āsanassa parivattati, na ca pāṇinā ālambitvā āsane nisīdati, na ca āsanasmiṃ kāyaṃ pakkhipati. So antaraghare nisinno samāno na hatthakukkuccaṃ āpajjati, na pādakukkuccaṃ āpajjati; na adduvena adduvaṃ āropetvā nisīdati; na ca gopphakena gopphakaṃ āropetvā nisīdati; na ca pāṇinā hanukaṃ upadahitvā nisīdati. So antaraghare nisinno samāno na chambhati na kampati na vedhati na paritassati. So achambhī akampī avedhī aparitassī vigatalomahaṃso. Vivekavatto ca so bhavaṃ gotamo antaraghare nisinno hoti. So pattodakaṃ paṭiggaṇhanto na pattaṃ unnāmeti, na pattaṃ onāmeti; na pattaṃ sannāmeti, na pattaṃ vināmeti. So pattodakaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti nātithokaṃ nātibahuṃ. So na khulukhulukārakaṃ pattaṃ dhovati, na samparivattakaṃ pattaṃ dhovati, na pattaṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipitvā hatthe dhovati; hatthesu dhotesu patto dhoto hoti, patte dhote hatthā dhotā honti. So pattodakaṃ chaḍḍeti nātidūre nāccāsanne, na ca vicchaḍḍayamāno. So odanaṃ paṭiggaṇhanto na pattaṃ unnāmeti, na pattaṃ onāmeti; na pattaṃ sannāmeti, na pattaṃ vināmeti. So odanaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti nātithokaṃ nātibahuṃ. Byañjanaṃ kho pana bhavaṃ gotamo byañjanamattāya āhāreti, na ca byañjanena ālopaṃ atināmeti. Dvattikkhattuṃ kho bhavaṃ gotamo mukhe ālopaṃ samparivattetvā ajjhoharati; na cassa kāci odanamiñjā asambhinnā kāyaṃ pavisati, na cassa kāci odanamiñjā mukhe avasiṭṭhā hoti; athāparaṃ ālopaṃ upanāmeti. Rasapaṭisaṃvedī kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo āhāraṃ āhāreti, no ca rasarāgapaṭisaṃvedī.

   “Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo āhāraṃ āhāreti – neva davāya, na madāya na maṇḍanāya na vibhūsanāya, yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāya, vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāya– ‘iti purāṇañc vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmi, yātrā ca me bhavissati anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cā’ti So bhuttāvī pattodakaṃ paṭiggaṇhanto na pattaṃ unnāmeti, na pattaṃ onāmeti; na pattaṃ sannāmeti, na pattaṃ vināmeti. So pattodakaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti nātithokaṃ nātibahuṃ. So na khulukhulukārakaṃ pattaṃ dhovati, na samparivattakaṃ pattaṃ dhovati, na pattaṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipitvā hatthe dhovati; hatthesu dhotesu patto dhoto hoti, patte dhote hatthā dhotā honti. So pattodakaṃ chaḍḍeti nātidūre nāccāsanne, na ca vicchaḍḍayamāno. So bhuttāvī na pattaṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipati nātidūre nāccāsanne, na ca anatthiko pattena hoti, na ca ativelānurakkhī pattasmiṃ. So bhuttāvī muhuttaṃ tuṇhī nisīdati, na ca anumodanassa kālamatināmeti. So bhuttāvī anumodati, na taṃ bhattaṃ garahati, na aññaṃ bhattaṃ paṭikaṅkhati; aññadatthu dhammiyā kathāya taṃ parisaṃ sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. So taṃ parisaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamati. So nātisīghaṃ gacchati, nātisaṇikaṃ gacchati, na ca muccitukāmo gacchati; na ca tassa bhoto gotamassa kāye cīvaraṃ accukkaṭṭhaṃ hoti na ca accokkaṭṭhaṃ, na ca kāyasmiṃ allīnaṃ na ca kāyasmā apakaṭṭhaṃ; na ca tassa bhoto gotamassa kāyamhā vāto cīvaraṃ apavahati; na ca tassa bhoto gotamassa kāye rajojallaṃ upalimpati So ārāmagato nisīdati paññatte āsane. Nisajja pāde pakkhāleti; na ca so bhavaṃ gotamo pādamaṇḍanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. So pāde pakkhāletvā nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So neva attabyābādhāya ceteti, na parabyābādhāya ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāya ceteti; attahitaparahita-ubhayahitasabbalokahitameva so bhavaṃ gotamo cintento nisinno hoti. So ārāmagato parisati dhammaṃ deseti, na taṃ parisaṃ ussādeti, na taṃ parisaṃ apasādeti; aññadatthu dhammiyā kathāya taṃ parisaṃ sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti.

   “Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato kho panassa bhoto gotamassa mukhato ghoso niccharati– vissaṭṭho ca, viññeyyo ca, mañju ca, savanīyo ca, bindu ca, avisārī ca, gambhīro ca, ninnādī ca. Yathāparisaṃ kho pana so bhavaṃ gotamo sarena viññāpeti, na cassa bahiddhā parisāya ghoso niccharati. Te tena bhotā gotamena dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamanti avalokayamānāyeva avijahitattā. Addasāma kho mayaṃ, bho, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ gacchantaṃ, addasāma ṭhitaṃ, addasāma antaragharaṃ pavisantaṃ, addasāma antaraghare nisinnaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ, addasāma antaraghare bhuñjantaṃ, addasāma bhuttāviṃ nisinnaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ, addasāma bhuttāviṃ anumodantaṃ, addasāma ārāmaṃ gacchantaṃ, addasāma ārāmagataṃ nisinnaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ, addasāma ārāmagataṃ parisati dhammaṃ desentaṃ. Ediso ca ediso ca so bhavaṃ gotamo, tato ca bhiyyo”ti.

   388. Evaṃ vutte, brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā tikkhattuṃ udānaṃ udāneti–

   “Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.

   “Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.

   “Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassā”ti.

   “Appeva nāma mayaṃ kadāci karahaci tena bhotā gotamena samāgaccheyyāma? Appeva nāma siyā kocideva kathāsallāpo”ti!

   389. Atha kho bhagavā videhesu anupubbena cārikaṃ caramāno yena mithilā tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā mithilāyaṃ viharati maghadevambavane. Assosuṃ kho mithileyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā– “samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito videhesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi mithilaṃ anuppatto, mithilāyaṃ viharati maghadevambavane. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavāti. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’”ti.

   Atha kho mithileyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.

   390. Assosi kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo– “samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito mithilaṃ anuppatto, mithilāyaṃ viharati maghadevambavane”ti. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo sambahulehi sāvakehi saddhiṃ yena maghadevambavanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho brahmāyuno brāhmaṇassa avidūre ambavanassa etadahosi– “na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ yohaṃ pubbe appaṭisaṃvidito samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkameyyan”ti. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo aññataraṃ māṇavakaṃ āmantesi– “ehi tvaṃ, māṇavaka, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ puccha– ‘brahmāyu, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchatī’ti. Evañca vadehi– ‘brahmāyu, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayo-anuppatto, vīsavassasatiko jātiyā, tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ, padako, veyyākaraṇo, lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo. Yāvatā, bho, brāhmaṇagahapatikā mithilāyaṃ paṭivasanti, brahmāyu tesaṃ brāhmaṇo aggamakkhāyati– yadidaṃ bhogehi; brahmāyu tesaṃ brāhmaṇo aggamakkhāyati– yadidaṃ mantehi; brahmāyu tesaṃ brāhmaṇo aggamakkhāyati– yadidaṃ āyunā ceva yasasā ca. So bhoto gotamassa dassanakāmo’”ti.

   “Evaṃ bho”ti kho so māṇavako brahmāyussa brāhmaṇassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho so māṇavako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “brahmāyu, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati; evañca vadeti– ‘brahmāyu, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayo-anuppatto, vīsavassasatiko jātiyā, tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū sanighaṇḍukeṭubhānaṃ sākkharappabhedānaṃ itihāsapañcamānaṃ, padako, veyyākaraṇo, lokāyatamahāpurisalakkhaṇesu anavayo. Yāvatā, bho, brāhmaṇagahapatikā mithilāyaṃ paṭivasanti, brahmāyu tesaṃ brāhmaṇo aggamakkhāyati– yadidaṃ bhogehi; brahmāyu tesaṃ brāhmaṇo aggamakkhāyati– yadidaṃ mantehi; brahmāyu tesaṃ brāhmaṇo aggamakkhāyati– yadidaṃ āyunā ceva yasasā ca. So bhoto gotamassa dassanakāmo’”ti. “Yassadāni, māṇava, brahmāyu brāhmaṇo kālaṃ maññatī”ti. Atha kho so māṇavako yena brahmāyu brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā brahmāyuṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca– “katāvakāso khomhi bhavatā samaṇena gotamena. Yassadāni bhavaṃ kālaṃ maññatī”ti.

   391. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho sā parisā brahmāyuṃ brāhmaṇaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna oramiya okāsamakāsi yathā taṃ ñātassa yasassino. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo taṃ parisaṃ etadavoca– “alaṃ, bho! Nisīdatha tumhe sake āsane. Idhāhaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa santike nisīdissāmī”ti.

   Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo bhagavato kāye dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni samannesi. Addasā kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo bhagavato kāye dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve. Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati– kosohite ca vatthaguyhe, pahūtajivhatāya ca. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi–

   “Ye me dvattiṃsāti sutā, mahāpurisalakkhaṇā;

   Duve tesaṃ na passāmi, bhoto kāyasmiṃ gotama.

   “Kacci kosohitaṃ bhoto, vatthaguyhaṃ naruttama;

   Nārīsamānasavhayā, kacci jivhā na dassakā.

   “Kacci pahūtajivhosi, yathā taṃ jāniyāmase;

   Ninnāmayetaṃ pahūtaṃ, kaṅkhaṃ vinaya no ise.

   “Diṭṭhadhammahitatthāya, samparāyasukhāya ca;

   Katāvakāsā pucchāma, yaṃ kiñci abhipatthitan”ti.

   392. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi– “passati kho me ayaṃ brahmāyu brāhmaṇo dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yebhuyyena ṭhapetvā dve. Dvīsu mahāpurisalakkhaṇesu kaṅkhati vicikicchati nādhimuccati na sampasīdati– kosohite ca vatthaguyhe, pahūtajivhatāya cā”ti Atha kho bhagavā tathārūpaṃ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkhāsi yathā addasa brahmāyu brāhmaṇo bhagavato kosohitaṃ vatthaguyhaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā jivhaṃ ninnāmetvā ubhopi kaṇṇasotāni anumasi paṭimasi; ubhopi nāsikasotāni anumasi paṭimasi; kevalampi nalāṭamaṇḍalaṃ jivhāya chādesi. Atha kho bhagavā brahmāyuṃ brāhmaṇaṃ gāthāhi paccabhāsi–

   “Ye te dvattiṃsāti sutā, mahāpurisalakkhaṇā;

   Sabbe te mama kāyasmiṃ, mā te kaṅkhāhu brāhmaṇa.

   “Abhiññeyyaṃ abhiññātaṃ, bhāvetabbañca bhāvitaṃ;

   Pahātabbaṃ pahīnaṃ me, tasmā buddhosmi brāhmaṇa.

   “Diṭṭhadhammahitatthāya samparāyasukhāya ca.

   Katāvakāso pucchassu, yaṃ kiñci abhipatthitan”ti.

   393. Atha kho brahmāyussa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi– “katāvakāso khomhi samaṇena gotamena. Kiṃ nu kho ahaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ puccheyyaṃ– ‘diṭṭhadhammikaṃ vā atthaṃ samparāyikaṃ vā’”ti. Atha kho brahmāyussa brāhmaṇassa etadahosi– “kusalo kho ahaṃ diṭṭhadhammikānaṃ atthānaṃ. Aññepi maṃ diṭṭhadhammikaṃ atthaṃ pucchanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ samparāyikaṃyeva atthaṃ puccheyyan”ti. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi–

   “Kathaṃ kho brāhmaṇo hoti, kathaṃ bhavati vedagū;

   Tevijjo bho kathaṃ hoti, sotthiyo kinti vuccati.

   “Arahaṃ bho kathaṃ hoti, kathaṃ bhavati kevalī;

   Muni ca bho kathaṃ hoti, buddho kinti pavuccatī”ti.

   394. Atha kho bhagavā brahmāyuṃ brāhmaṇaṃ gāthāhi paccabhāsi –

   “Pubbenivāsaṃ yo vedi, saggāpāyañca passati;

   Atho jātikkhayaṃ patto, abhiññā vosito muni.

   “Cittaṃ visuddhaṃ jānāti, muttaṃ rāgehi sabbaso;

   Pahīnajātimaraṇo, brahmacariyassa kevalī.

   Pāragū sabbadhammānaṃ, buddho tādī pavuccatī”ti.

   Evaṃ vutte, brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavato pādāni mukhena ca paricumbati, pāṇīhi ca parisambāhati, nāmañca sāveti– “brahmāyu ahaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo; brahmāyu ahaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇo”ti. Atha kho sā parisā acchariyabbhutacittajātā ahosi – “acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho! Yatra hi nāmāyaṃ brahmāyu brāhmaṇo ñāto yasassī evarūpaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ karissatī”ti. Atha kho bhagavā brahmāyuṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – “alaṃ, brāhmaṇa, uṭṭhaha nisīda tvaṃ sake āsane yato te mayi cittaṃ pasannan”ti. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo uṭṭhahitvā sake āsane nisīdi.

   395. Atha kho bhagavā brahmāyussa brāhmaṇassa anupubbiṃ kathaṃ kathesi, seyyathidaṃ– dānakathaṃ, sīlakathaṃ, saggakathaṃ; kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā bhagavā aññāsi brahmāyuṃ brāhmaṇaṃ kallacittaṃ muducittaṃ vinīvaraṇacittaṃ udaggacittaṃ pasannacittaṃ, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā taṃ pakāsesi– dukkhaṃ, samudayaṃ, nirodhaṃ, maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva brahmāyussa brāhmaṇassa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi– “yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamman”ti. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṃkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya– cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti– evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ. Adhivāsetu ca me bhavaṃ gotamo svātanāya bhattaṃ saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghenā”ti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo tassā rattiyā accayena sake nivesane paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṃ ārocāpesi– “kālo, bho gotama, niṭṭhitaṃ bhattan”ti.

   Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena brahmāyussa brāhmaṇassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo sattāhaṃ buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho bhagavā tassa sattāhassa accayena videhesu cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Atha kho brahmāyu brāhmaṇo acirapakkantassa bhagavato kālamakāsi. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “brahmāyu, bhante, brāhmaṇo kālaṅkato. Tassa kā gati, ko abhisamparāyo”ti? “Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, brahmāyu brāhmaṇo paccapādi dhammassānudhammaṃ, na ca maṃ dhammādhikaraṇaṃ vihesesi. Brahmāyu, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇo pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti, tattha parinibbāyī, anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā”ti.

   Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

   Brahmāyusuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.


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