第六百章 熄灭、平息、灭尽贪欲、渴爱
相应部45相应30经/鬱低雅经(道相应/大篇/修多罗)
有个时候,佛陀住在舍卫城的祇树林给孤独园,有一天,郁低迦尊者来到佛陀的住所,他顶礼佛陀后,就在一旁坐下,郁低迦尊者对佛陀说:“世尊,我独自静坐禅修的时候(禅修解释,见第五百六十一章),生起了这样的念想:「世尊曾经说过五种欲望,到底什么是五种欲望呢?」恭请世尊您为我讲解:什么是五种欲望。”
佛陀说:“郁低迦!如来确实曾经说过五种欲望的法义,是哪五种欲望呢?眼睛看见令人开心、快乐、满意的物质事物,生起了贪欲、渴爱;耳朵听见令人开心、快乐、满意的声音,生起了贪欲、渴爱;鼻子闻到令人开心、快乐、满意的气味,生起了贪欲、渴爱;舌头尝到令人开心、快乐、满意的味道,生起了贪欲、渴爱;身体触摸感觉到令人开心、快乐、满意的触觉,或者身体领纳到令人开心、快乐、满意的环境变化感觉(冷热、舒适等等),生起了贪欲、渴爱;这就是如来所说的五种欲望。简单的说:五种欲望就是由眼睛与看见的物质事物生起贪欲、渴爱;由耳朵与听见的声音生起贪欲、渴爱;由鼻子与闻到的气味生起贪欲、渴爱;由舌头与尝到的味道生起贪欲、渴爱;由身体与触摸感觉到的触觉,或领纳到的环境变化感觉生起贪欲、渴爱。
郁低迦,如何熄灭、平息、灭尽五种欲望呢?如何从五种欲望中解脱出来呢?郁低迦,修习八正道就能熄灭、平息、灭尽五种欲望(八正道解释,见第五百八十九章),就能从五种欲望中解脱出来。什么是八正道呢?就是正见、正志、正语、正业、正命、正方便、正念、正定这八种正道。郁低迦,你要经常修习八正道,你要精进的去修习八正道,这样你就能熄灭、平息、灭尽五种欲望,这样你就能从五种欲望中解脱出来。”
佛陀说法后,郁低迦尊者再次的顶礼佛陀,随喜赞叹佛陀说法的无量功德,并按着佛陀所说的法去修行。
巴利语原版经文
SN.45.30/(10) Uttiyasuttaṃ
30. Sāvatthinidānaṃ Atha kho āyasmā uttiyo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā uttiyo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “idha mayhaṃ, bhante, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi– ‘pañca kāmaguṇā vuttā bhagavatā. Katame nu kho pañca kāmaguṇā vuttā bhagavatā’”ti? “Sādhu sādhu, uttiya! Pañcime kho, uttiya, kāmaguṇā vuttā mayā. Katame pañca? Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā, sotaviññeyyā saddā …pe… ghānaviññeyyā gandhā… jivhāviññeyyā rasā… kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā– ime kho, uttiya, pañca kāmaguṇā vuttā mayā. Imesaṃ kho, uttiya, pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ pahānāya ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvetabbo. Katamo ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo? Seyyathidaṃ– sammādiṭṭhi …pe… sammāsamādhi. Imesaṃ kho, uttiya, pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ pahānāya ayaṃ ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvetabbo”ti. Dasamaṃ.
Micchattavaggo tatiyo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Micchattaṃ akusalaṃ dhammaṃ, duve paṭipadāpi ca;
Asappurisena dve kumbho, samādhi vedanuttiyenāti.