第三百五十四章 将牛奶制作成醍醐
34.(13).禅相应
相应部34相应1经/根本定-等至经(禅相应/蕴篇/如来记说)
相应部34相应2经/根本定-持续经(禅相应/蕴篇/如来记说)
相应部34相应3经/根本定-出定经(禅相应/蕴篇/如来记说)
相应部34相应4经/根本定-顺意经(禅相应/蕴篇/如来记说)
相应部34相应5经/根本定-所缘经(禅相应/蕴篇/如来记说)
相应部34相应6经/根本定-行境经(禅相应/蕴篇/如来记说)
有个时候,佛陀住在舍卫城的祇树林给孤独园,有一天,佛陀对出家弟子们说:“比丘们(出家人)!世间有四种禅定修行人,是哪四种呢?
第一种禅定修行人,他们不知道那些让内心集中关注在清净境界中的修行方法,也就是他们不知道禅定的修行方法,他们也无法让内心不散乱,无法让内心不胡思乱想,无法将注意力集中关注在清净的境界之中,无法让内心保持清净。
第二种禅定修行人,他们知道那些让内心集中关注在清净境界中的修行方法,但是并没有真正明白和掌握这些让内心清净安宁的修行方法,也就是他们没有完全明白和掌握禅定的修行方法,他们也无法让内心不散乱,无法让内心不胡思乱想,无法将注意力集中关注在清净的境界之中,无法让内心保持清净。
第三种禅定修行人,他们知道那些让内心集中关注在清净境界中的修行方法,并且也已经真正明白和掌握了这些让内心清净安宁的修行方法,可是由于他们刚刚学习到这些修行方法并不熟练,他们无法随心所欲、自由自在的进入清净的境界,他们还是得一步一步的按着这些禅定的修行方法逐渐的、慢慢的让自己的内心不散乱,让自己的内心不胡思乱想,逐渐的、慢慢的将注意力集中关注在清净的境界之中,逐渐的、慢慢的让内心保持清净,他们无法随时随刻想进入清净的境界,就进入清净的境界,他们也无法长时间安住在清净的境界之中,他们无法控制进入清净境界的时间,他们无法控制保持清净境界的时间,他们随时随刻都可能从清净的境界中出来,随时随刻都可能丧失掉清净的境界。
第四种禅定修行人,他们知道那些让内心集中关注在清净境界中的修行方法,并且他们也真正明白和熟练掌握了这些让内心清净安宁的修行方法,他们可以随心所欲、自由自在的进入清净的境界,他们随时随刻都可以让自己的内心不散乱,让自己的内心不胡思乱想,随时随刻都能将注意力集中关注在清净的境界之中,让内心保持清净,只要他们愿意随时都可以进入清净的境界,他们可以长时间安住在清净的境界之中,他们能够控制进入清净境界的时间,他们能够控制保持清净境界的时间,他们想什么时候进入清净的境界就能什么时候进入清净的境界,他们想让内心保持清净多长时间就能让内心保持清净多长时间,完全随心所欲、自由自在,不受任何的拘束、约束。
这些禅定的修行方法是什么呢?就是四念住(四念住解释,见第二百七十八章),无相定(无相定解释,见第二百七十八章),四禅(四禅解释,见第一百五十五章),比丘们明白并熟练掌握四念住、无相定、四禅,就能随时随刻、随心所欲、自由自在的进出清净的境界,这些熟练掌握四念住、无相定、四禅修行方法的世间人,他们也是世间最尊、最上、最胜、最高、最顶尖的禅定修行人,这些熟练掌握四念住、无相定、四禅修行方法的人,他们就是真正的禅定修行人,他们就是世间禅定修行人中的第一、首席、首座。
比丘们!就如同从奶牛那里挤出牛奶,将牛奶制作成奶酪,从奶酪中提取出奶油,从奶油中提取出酥油,从酥油中提取出酥精、醍醐的味道,同样的道理,明白禅定的修行方法,并熟练掌握四念住、无相定、四禅的修行人,他们就是世间最尊、最上、最胜、最高、最顶尖的禅定修行人,就如同从牛奶中最终提取出来的精华酥精、醍醐的味道一样,他们就是世间禅定修行人中的第一、首席、首座。”
佛陀说法后,听法的出家弟子们都再次的顶礼佛陀,随喜赞叹佛陀说法的无量功德,他们都按着佛陀所说的法去修行。
巴利语原版经文
34.(13). Jhānasaṃyuttaṃ
SN.34.1. Samādhimūlakasamāpattisuttaṃ
662. Sāvatthinidānaṃ “Cattārome, bhikkhave, jhāyī. Katame cattāro? Idha bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ samāpattikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samāpattikusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī neva samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na ca samādhismiṃ samāpattikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti, samādhismiṃ samāpattikusalo ca. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ samāpattikusalo ca ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca mokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gavā khīraṃ, khīramhā dadhi, dadhimhā navanītaṃ, navanītamhā sappi, sappimhā sappimaṇḍo tatra aggamakkhāyati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ samāpattikusalo ca ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca mokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro cā”ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
SN.34.2. Samādhimūlakaṭhitisuttaṃ
663. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, jhāyī. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ ṭhitikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ ṭhitikusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī neva samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na ca samādhismiṃ ṭhitikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ ṭhitikusalo ca. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ ṭhitikusalo ca ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca mokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gavā khīraṃ, khīramhā dadhi, dadhimhā navanītaṃ, navanītamhā sappi, sappimhā sappimaṇḍo tatra aggamakkhāyati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ ṭhitikusalo ca ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca mokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro cā”ti. Dutiyaṃ.
SN.34.3. Samādhimūlakavuṭṭhānasuttaṃ
664. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, jhāyī. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ vuṭṭhānakusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ vuṭṭhānakusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī neva samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na ca samādhismiṃ vuṭṭhānakusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti, samādhismiṃ vuṭṭhānakusalo ca. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ vuṭṭhānakusalo ca ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca mokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gavā khīraṃ …pe… pavaro cā”ti. Tatiyaṃ.
SN.34.4. Samādhimūlakakallitasuttaṃ
665. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, jhāyī. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ kallitakusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ kallitakusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī neva samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na ca samādhismiṃ kallitakusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti, samādhismiṃ kallitakusalo ca. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ kallitakusalo ca ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca mokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gavā khīraṃ …pe… pavaro cā”ti. Catutthaṃ.
SN.34.5. Samādhimūlaka-ārammaṇasuttaṃ
666. Sāvatthinidānaṃ “Cattārome, bhikkhave, jhāyī. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ ārammaṇakusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ ārammaṇakusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī neva samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na ca samādhismiṃ ārammaṇakusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti, samādhismiṃ ārammaṇakusalo ca. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ ārammaṇakusalo ca ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca mokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gavā khīraṃ …pe… pavaro cā”ti. Pañcamaṃ.
SN.34.6. Samādhimūlakagocarasuttaṃ
667. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. “Cattārome, bhikkhave, jhāyī. Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ gocarakusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ gocarakusalo hoti, na samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī neva samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo hoti, na ca samādhismiṃ gocarakusalo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti, samādhismiṃ gocarakusalo ca. Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṃ jhāyī samādhismiṃ samādhikusalo ca hoti samādhismiṃ gocarakusalo ca ayaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ jhāyīnaṃ aggo ca seṭṭho ca mokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gavā khīraṃ …pe… pavaro cā”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.