相应部16相应9经/禅与证智经(迦叶相应/因缘篇/如来记说)

有个时候，佛陀住在舍卫城的竹林中，有一天，佛陀对出家弟子们说：“弟子们，远离欲望，舍离不善法后，就能进入喜乐的清净境界，在这个清净境界中还会对外界的事物有细微的分别、区别，这样的清净境界就是初禅。

弟子们，进入初禅境界后，平息对外界事物细微的分别、区别。不再分别、区别外界的事物，将心安住在一处，安住在一境、不散乱，由此进入喜乐的清净境界，这样的清净境界就是二禅。

弟子们，进入二禅后，远离禅定中喜乐的感受，保持修行的正念正知，不忘失修行的正知正念，进入清净的境界，这样的清净境界就是三禅。

弟子们，进入三禅后，灭尽喜乐、痛苦、忧愁等等喜怒哀乐的感受，进入不苦不乐的清净境界，这样的清净境界就是四禅。

弟子们，不再挂念和执着世间一切的物质事物，不再执着和挂念物质世界，不再执着和挂念由物质事物生起的一切念想，明白虚空是无边无界的，这时就进入空无边处的境界。

弟子们，进入空无边处境界后，明白了虚空是无边无界的，进一步明白了自己的念想、认识、分别、判断也如同虚空一样是无边无界、永无止境的，这样就进入了识无边处的境界。

弟子们，进入识无边处境界后，明白了无边无界的虚空，自己无边无界、永无止境的念想、认识、分别、判断全部都是虚假不真实的，全部都是不存在的。其实什么也没有，其实什么也不是真实存在的，内心认为无边无界的虚空，认为自己无边无界、永无止境的念想、认识、分别、判断全部都是不存在的，由此就进入了无所有处的境界。

弟子们，进入无所有处境界后，明白了无边无界的虚空是不存在的，明白了自己无边无界、永无止境的念想、认识、分别、判断也是不存在的，就不会再在内心中生起任何的念想，虽然如此，可是内心中偶尔也会闪出一些微小的杂念，这些杂念非常的微小，就如同大海海面上漂浮着一滴菜油一样，已经可以忽略不计了。内心除了偶尔出现的极微小的杂念外，已经不会再生起任何的念想，这样就进入了非想非非想处的境界。

弟子们，你们要明白这就是逐级升高的各个阶层天界中的境界，其中空无边处、识无边处、无所有处、非想非非想处这四处的境界是高层次天界中的境界，非想非非想处是最高阶天界中的境界。

弟子们，进入非想非非想处的境界后，为了除灭极微小的杂念，就要灭尽一切的因缘条件，就要去修习缘起法（缘起法解释，见第四十八章、第四十九章）。也就是：「无明」完全褪去、消除、灭尽的时候，「行」就灭除了。「行」灭尽了，「识」就灭除了。「识」灭尽了，「名色」就灭除了。「名色」灭尽了，「六处」就灭除了。「六处」灭尽了，「触」就灭除了。「触」灭尽了，「受」就灭除了。「受」灭尽了，「爱」就灭除了。「爱」灭尽了，「取」就灭除了。「取」灭尽了，「有」就灭除了。「有」灭尽了，「生」就灭除了。「生」灭尽了，忧愁、悲伤、苦闷、忧虑、绝望、衰老、死亡就灭除了。修习缘起法，灭尽一切的因缘条件后，就不会产生任何的感受、念想，连最微细的杂念都不会产生。无念想、无感受、无微细的杂念就不会有任何的烦恼和痛苦，这样就进入了想受灭的境界，这样的境界其实就是不生不灭涅槃的境界，由此世间一切的烦恼和痛苦就灭尽了，生死轮回也由此永远的灭尽，再也不会出生在世间。

弟子们，迦叶尊者在证悟这些境界后，他自己就明白了：「从这一世开始已经不会再次的出生在世间，行为、言语、念想的修行已经圆满，应该做的事情已经做好，不会再有轮回的状态，不会再出生在世间了」。你们也应该这样去实践的修行，你们也应该去证悟这些境界。”

佛陀说法后，听法的出家弟子们都再次的顶礼佛陀，随喜赞叹佛陀说法的无量功德，他们都按着佛陀所说的法去修行。

巴利语原版经文

SN.16.9. Jhānābhiññasuttaṃ

　　 152. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati”.

　　 “Ahaṃ bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā …pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharāmi sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedemi, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti– ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti– ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ananto ākāsoti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā …pe… ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati …pe… ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati …pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave …pe… saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati.

　　 “Ahaṃ bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhomi ekopi hutvā bahudhā homi, bahudhāpi hutvā eko homi; āvibhāvaṃ, tirobhāvaṃ, tirokuṭṭaṃ, tiropākāraṃ, tiropabbataṃ, asajjamāno gacchāmi, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karomi, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchāmi, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamāmi, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimasāmi parimajjāmi; yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattemi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti …pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāmi, dibbe ca mānuse ca, ye dūre santike ca. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati dibbāya sotadhātuyā …pe… dūre santike ca.

　　 “Ahaṃ bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi– sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāmi, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ vītarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāmi, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ …pe… vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ… samohaṃ vā cittaṃ… vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ… saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ… vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ… mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ… amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ… sa-uttaraṃ vā cittaṃ… anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ… samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ… asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ… vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti– sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāti …pe… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāti.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi, anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe– ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ …pe… iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi– ‘ime vata, bhonto, sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā, ime vā pana, bhonto, sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne …pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.

　　 “Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī”ti. Navamaṃ.