第一千零三十三章 大广解经
中部43经/大广解经(双小品[5])
这是我亲身听闻到的,有个时候,佛陀住在舍卫城祇树林给孤独园。当时,大拘絺罗尊者在傍晚结束独处后,来到舍利弗尊者处。来到后,与舍利弗尊者互相问候。互相寒暄愉快友好的谈话后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的大拘絺罗尊者对舍利弗尊者说:
"贤友,人们说'愚痴,愚痴'。贤友,到何种程度称为愚痴呢?"
"贤友,因为'不知,不知',所以称为愚痴。"
"不知什么呢?"
"不知'这是苦',不知'这是苦的生起',不知'这是苦的灭尽',不知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。贤友,因为'不知,不知',所以称为愚痴。"
"善哉,贤友。"大拘絺罗尊者对舍利弗尊者的话表示赞同和欢喜,然后又问舍利弗尊者更深入的问题:
"贤友,人们说'有智慧,有智慧'。贤友,到何种程度称为有智慧呢?"
"贤友,因为'知道,知道',所以称为有智慧。"
"知道什么呢?"
"知道'这是苦',知道'这是苦的生起',知道'这是苦的灭尽',知道'这是导向苦灭的道路'。贤友,因为'知道,知道',所以称为有智慧。"
"贤友,人们说'识,识'。贤友,到何种程度称为识呢?"
"贤友,因为'识别,识别',所以称为识。"
"识别什么呢?"
"识别乐,识别苦,识别不苦不乐。贤友,因为'识别,识别',所以称为识。"
"贤友,这智慧和识,这些法是相混还是相离?能否把这些法分别开来,指出它们的区别呢?"
"贤友,这智慧和识,这些法是相混,不相离。不能把这些法分别开来,指出它们的区别。贤友,所知道的就是所识别的,所识别的就是所知道的。因此这些法是相混,不相离。不能把这些法分别开来,指出它们的区别。"
"贤友,这智慧和识,这些法是相混而不相离的,它们有什么区别呢?"
"贤友,这智慧和识,这些法是相混而不相离的,它们的区别是:智慧应当被修习,识应当被了知。这就是它们的区别。"
"贤友,人们说'受,受'。贤友,到何种程度称为受呢?"
"贤友,因为'感受,感受',所以称为受。"
"感受什么呢?"
"感受乐,感受苦,感受不苦不乐。贤友,因为'感受,感受',所以称为受。"
"贤友,人们说'想,想'。贤友,到何种程度称为想呢?"
"贤友,因为'认知,认知',所以称为想。"
"认知什么呢?"
"认知蓝色,认知黄色,认知红色,认知白色。贤友,因为'认知,认知',所以称为想。"
"贤友,这受、想和识,这些法是相混还是相离?能否把这些法分别开来,指出它们的区别呢?"
"贤友,这受、想和识,这些法是相混,不相离。不能把这些法分别开来,指出它们的区别。贤友,所感受的就是所认知的,所认知的就是所识别的。因此这些法是相混,不相离。不能把这些法分别开来,指出它们的区别。"
"贤友,远离五根,纯净的意识能了知什么(五根解释,见第八百一十九章)?"
"贤友,远离五根,纯净的意识能了知'无边虚空'而达到空无边处;能了知'无边识'而达到识无边处;能了知'无所有'而达到无所有处(空无边处,识无边处,无所有处解释,见第一百五十五章)。"
"贤友,能了知的法,用什么来了知呢?"
"贤友,能了知的法,用慧眼来了知。"
"贤友,慧有什么作用呢?"
"贤友,慧有证知、遍知、断除的作用。"
"贤友,有几个因缘能生起正见呢?"
"贤友,有两个因缘能生起正见:他人的言教和如理作意(如理作意解释:就是听闻到正确的法义,内心专注在这些法义上,仔细思考,让内心生起了警觉,警醒之心,让内心发生了转变)。贤友,这两个因缘能生起正见。"
"贤友,正见由几支所摄持,才能成为心解脱的果和心解脱果的利益,慧解脱的果和慧解脱果的利益呢(心解脱、慧解脱解释,见第七百九十八章)?"
"贤友,正见由五支所摄持,才能成为心解脱的果和心解脱果的利益,慧解脱的果和慧解脱果的利益。贤友,在此,正见为戒所摄持,为闻所摄持,为论议所摄持,为止所摄持,为观所摄持(止与观解释,见第五百五十章)。贤友,正见由这五支所摄持,才能成为心解脱的果和心解脱果的利益,慧解脱的果和慧解脱果的利益。"
"贤友,有几种有呢?"
"贤友,有三种有:欲有、色有、无色有(欲有解释:感官欲望的存在;色有解释:物质事物的存在,无色有解释:精神思想念想的存在)。"
"贤友,怎样导致未来再有的生起呢?"
"贤友,无明所覆、爱结所系的有情,在此处或彼处喜爱,这样导致未来再有的生起(无明解释:因为无知而沉迷于贪欲,贪爱的黑暗之中;爱结解释:贪爱之烦恼也。贪爱缚人谓之结;有情解释:有生命和情感的生命体)。"
"贤友,怎样不导致未来再有的生起呢?"
"贤友,无明离贪、明生起、爱灭,这样不导致未来再有的生起(明解释:智慧光明,见第三百七十九章)。"
"贤友,什么是初禅?"
"贤友,在此,比丘离欲、离不善法,有寻有伺,离生喜乐,成就初禅而住(有寻有伺解释,见第八百八十九章)。贤友,这称为初禅。"
"贤友,初禅有几支呢?"
"贤友,初禅有五支。贤友,在此,比丘进入初禅时,有寻、伺、喜、乐、心一境性。贤友,初禅有这五支。"
"贤友,初禅舍离几支,成就几支?"
"贤友,初禅舍离五支,成就五支。贤友,在此,比丘进入初禅时,欲贪被舍离,嗔恚被舍离(嗔恚解释:愤怒,生气),昏沉睡眠被舍离,掉举恶作被舍离(掉举解释,见第八百六十一章),疑被舍离;有寻、伺、喜、乐、心一境性。贤友,初禅这样舍离五支,成就五支。"
"贤友,这五根各有不同的境界,不同的行处,不互相感受对方的行处境界,即眼根、耳根、鼻根、舌根、身根。这五根各有不同的境界,不同的行处,不互相感受对方的行处境界,它们以什么为依靠?什么来感受它们的行处境界呢?"
"贤友,这五根各有不同的境界,不同的行处,不互相感受对方的行处境界,即眼根、耳根、鼻根、舌根、身根。贤友,这五根各有不同的境界,不同的行处,不互相感受对方的行处境界,它们以意为依靠,意来感受它们的行处境界。"
"贤友,这五根,即眼根、耳根、鼻根、舌根、身根。贤友,这五根依靠什么而住?"
"贤友,这五根,即眼根、耳根、鼻根、舌根、身根。贤友,这五根依靠寿而住。"
"贤友,寿依靠什么而住?"
"寿依靠暖而住。"
"贤友,暖依靠什么而住?"
"暖依靠寿而住。"
"贤友,我们刚才听到舍利弗尊者这样说:'寿依靠暖而住'。现在我们又听到舍利弗尊者这样说:'暖依靠寿而住'。贤友,怎样理解这段话的意思呢?"
"贤友,那么我给你作个比喻。有智慧的人通过比喻能理解所说的意思。贤友,就像油灯燃烧时,火焰依靠光亮而现,光亮依靠火焰而现。同样地,贤友,寿依靠暖而住,暖依靠寿而住。"
"贤友,这些寿行是那些可感受的法,还是寿行是一些法,可感受的是另一些法?"
"贤友,这些寿行不是那些可感受的法。贤友,如果这些寿行就是那些可感受的法,那么入灭尽定的比丘就不会出定(入灭尽定解释:入灭定时,无有分别我当入定,我当出定。正在定时,心寂灭故;远离加行。将出定时,心先灭故;亦无作意。先于其心,善修治故;若有诸行诸状诸相,能入于定,能出于定;于彼修习,极多修习。由修习故;任运能入,任运能出;加行解释:即加功用行之意。乃针对正行之预备行)。贤友,因为寿行是一些法,可感受的是另一些法,所以入灭尽定的比丘能出定。"
"贤友,当几法离开这个身体时,这个身体就被抛弃、丢弃,像无意识的木头一样躺在那里?"
"贤友,当三法离开这个身体时,这个身体就被抛弃、丢弃,像无意识的木头一样躺在那里,即寿、暖和识。"
"贤友,已死亡的人和入灭尽定的比丘,他们有什么区别?"
"贤友,已死亡的人,他的身行已灭、止息,语行已灭、止息,心行已灭、止息,寿命已尽,暖已消失,诸根已坏。而入灭尽定的比丘,他的身行已灭、止息,语行已灭、止息,心行已灭、止息,但寿命未尽,暖未消失,诸根清净。贤友,已死亡的人和入灭尽定的比丘,这就是他们的区别。"
"贤友,有几个因缘能入不苦不乐心解脱?"
"贤友,有四个因缘能入不苦不乐心解脱。贤友,在此,比丘舍乐、舍苦,先前的喜忧已灭,不苦不乐,舍念清净,成就第四禅而住。贤友,这四个因缘能入不苦不乐心解脱。"
"贤友,有几个因缘能入无相心解脱(无相解释:无形相之意。为‘有相’之对称)?"
"贤友,有两个因缘能入无相心解脱:不作意一切相,作意无相界(界解释,见第一百零八章)。贤友,这两个因缘能入无相心解脱。"
"贤友,有几个因缘能使无相心解脱安住?"
"贤友,有三个因缘能使无相心解脱安住:不作意一切相,作意无相界,先前的准备。贤友,这三个因缘能使无相心解脱安住。"
"贤友,有几个因缘能使无相心解脱出定?"
"贤友,有两个因缘能使无相心解脱出定:作意一切相,不作意无相界。贤友,这两个因缘能使无相心解脱出定。"
"贤友,这无量心解脱、无所有心解脱、空心解脱、无相心解脱,这些法是异义异文还是同义异文?"
"贤友,这无量心解脱、无所有心解脱、空心解脱、无相心解脱,有一种方法,依此方法,这些法是异义异文;也有一种方法,依此方法,这些法是同义异文。"
"贤友,什么是依此方法,这些法是异义异文的方法?"
"贤友,在此,比丘以慈俱心遍满一方而住,如是第二方、第三方、第四方。如是上下四维一切处,以一切有情为自己,以广大、无量、无怨、无害的慈俱心遍满整个世界而住。以悲俱心...以喜俱心...以舍俱心遍满一方而住,如是第二方、第三方、第四方。如是上下四维一切处,以一切有情为自己,以广大、无量、无怨、无害的舍俱心遍满整个世界而住。贤友,这称为无量心解脱。"
"贤友,什么是无所有心解脱?"
"贤友,在此,比丘超越一切识无边处,认为'无所有',成就无所有处而住。贤友,这称为无所有心解脱。"
"贤友,什么是空心解脱?"
"贤友,在此,比丘到林中,或到树下,或到空屋,如是思维:'这是空,无我或我所(我所解释:指为我所有之观念。全称我所有。 即我之所有、我之所属之意。即以自身为我,谓自身以外之物皆为我所有)'。贤友,这称为空心解脱。"
"贤友,什么是无相心解脱?"
"贤友,在此,比丘不作意一切相,成就无相心定而住。贤友,这称为无相心解脱。贤友,这就是依此方法,这些法是异义异文的方法。"
"贤友,什么是依此方法,这些法是同义异文的方法?"
"贤友,贪是有量因,嗔是有量因,痴是有量因。对于漏尽的比丘(漏尽解释:烦恼灭尽),这些已被断除,根除,如截多罗树头,成为非有,于未来不再生起。贤友,就无量心解脱而言,不动心解脱被称为最上。而那不动心解脱是空的贪,空的嗔,空的痴。
贤友,贪是某物,嗔是某物,痴是某物。对于漏尽的比丘,这些已被断除,根除,如截多罗树头,成为非有,于未来不再生起。贤友,就无所有心解脱而言,不动心解脱被称为最上。而那不动心解脱是空的贪,空的嗔,空的痴。
贤友,贪是相的因,嗔是相的因,痴是相的因。对于漏尽的比丘,这些已被断除,根除,如截多罗树头,成为非有,于未来不再生起。贤友,就无相心解脱而言,不动心解脱被称为最上。而那不动心解脱是空的贪,空的嗔,空的痴。
贤友,这就是依此方法,这些法是同义异文的方法。"
这就是舍利弗尊者所说。大拘絺罗尊者对舍利弗尊者的话感到满意和欢喜。
第三《大广解经》结束。
巴利语原版经文
MN.43/(3) Mahāvedallasuttaṃ
449. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca
“‘Duppañño duppañño’ti, āvuso, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, duppaññoti vuccatī”ti?
“‘Nappajānāti nappajānātī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā duppaññoti vuccati.
“Kiñca nappajānāti? ‘Idaṃ dukkhan’ti nappajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti nappajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti nappajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti nappajānāti. ‘Nappajānāti nappajānātī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā duppaññoti vuccatī”ti.
“‘Sādhāvuso’ti kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ uttariṃ pañhaṃ apucchi–
“‘Paññavā paññavā’ti, āvuso, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, paññavāti vuccatī”ti?
“‘Pajānāti pajānātī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā paññavāti vuccati.
“Kiñca pajānāti? ‘Idaṃ dukkhan’ti pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti pajānāti. ‘Pajānāti pajānātī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā paññavāti vuccatī”ti.
“‘Viññāṇaṃ viññāṇan’ti, āvuso, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, viññāṇanti vuccatī”ti?
“‘Vijānāti vijānātī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā viññāṇanti vuccati.
“Kiñca vijānāti? Sukhantipi vijānāti, dukkhantipi vijānāti, adukkhamasukhantipi vijānāti. ‘Vijānāti vijānātī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā viññāṇanti vuccatī”ti.
“Yā cāvuso, paññā yañca viññāṇaṃ– ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā udāhu visaṃsaṭṭhā? Labbhā ca panimesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetun”ti? “Yā cāvuso, paññā yañca viññāṇaṃ– ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā, no visaṃsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetuṃ. Yaṃ hāvuso, pajānāti taṃ vijānāti, yaṃ vijānāti taṃ pajānāti. Tasmā ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā, no visaṃsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetun”ti.
“Yā cāvuso, paññā yañca viññāṇaṃ– imesaṃ dhammānaṃ saṃsaṭṭhānaṃ no visaṃsaṭṭhānaṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇan”ti? “Yā cāvuso, paññā yañca viññāṇaṃ– imesaṃ dhammānaṃ saṃsaṭṭhānaṃ no visaṃsaṭṭhānaṃ paññā bhāvetabbā, viññāṇaṃ pariññeyyaṃ. Idaṃ nesaṃ nānākaraṇan”ti.
450. “‘Vedanā vedanā’ti, āvuso, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso vedanāti vuccatī”ti?
“‘Vedeti vedetī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā vedanāti vuccati.
“Kiñca vedeti? Sukhampi vedeti, dukkhampi vedeti, adukkhamasukhampi vedeti. ‘Vedeti vedetī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā vedanāti vuccatī”ti.
“‘Saññā saññā’ti, āvuso, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, saññāti vuccatī”ti?
“‘Sañjānāti sañjānātī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā saññāti vuccati.
“Kiñca sañjānāti? Nīlakampi sañjānāti, pītakampi sañjānāti, lohitakampi sañjānāti, odātampi sañjānāti. ‘Sañjānāti sañjānātī’ti kho, āvuso, tasmā saññāti vuccatī”ti.
“Yā cāvuso, vedanā yā ca saññā yañca viññāṇaṃ– ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā udāhu visaṃsaṭṭhā? Labbhā ca panimesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetun”ti? “Yā cāvuso, vedanā yā ca saññā yañca viññāṇaṃ– ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā, no visaṃsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetuṃ. Yaṃ hāvuso, vedeti taṃ sañjānāti, yaṃ sañjānāti taṃ vijānāti. Tasmā ime dhammā saṃsaṭṭhā no visaṃsaṭṭhā. Na ca labbhā imesaṃ dhammānaṃ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetun”ti.
451. “Nissaṭṭhena hāvuso, pañcahi indriyehi parisuddhena manoviññāṇena kiṃ neyyan”ti?
“Nissaṭṭhena āvuso, pañcahi indriyehi parisuddhena manoviññāṇena ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ neyyaṃ, ‘anantaṃ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ neyyaṃ, ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ neyyan”ti.
“Neyyaṃ panāvuso, dhammaṃ kena pajānātī”ti?
“Neyyaṃ kho, āvuso, dhammaṃ paññācakkhunā pajānātī”ti.
“Paññā panāvuso, kimatthiyā”ti?
“Paññā kho, āvuso, abhiññatthā pariññatthā pahānatthā”ti.
452. “Kati panāvuso, paccayā sammādiṭṭhiyā uppādāyā”ti?
“Dve kho, āvuso, paccayā sammādiṭṭhiyā uppādāya– parato ca ghoso, yoniso ca manasikāro. Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā sammādiṭṭhiyā uppādāyā”ti.
“Katihi panāvuso, aṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṃsā cā”ti?
“Pañcahi kho, āvuso, aṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca. Idhāvuso, sammādiṭṭhi sīlānuggahitā ca hoti, sutānuggahitā ca hoti, sākacchānuggahitā ca hoti, samathānuggahitā ca hoti, vipassanānuggahitā ca hoti. Imehi kho, āvuso, pañcahaṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṃsā cā”ti.
453. “Kati panāvuso, bhavā”ti?
“Tayome, āvuso, bhavā– kāmabhavo rūpabhavo, arūpabhavo”ti.
“Kathaṃ panāvuso, āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti hotī”ti?
“Avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ kho, āvuso, sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ tatratatrābhinandanā– evaṃ āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti hotī”ti.
“Kathaṃ panāvuso, āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti na hotī”ti?
“Avijjāvirāgā kho, āvuso, vijjuppādā taṇhānirodhā– evaṃ āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti na hotī”ti.
454. “Katamaṃ panāvuso, paṭhamaṃ jhānan”ti?
“Idhāvuso, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati– idaṃ vuccati, āvuso, paṭhamaṃ jhānan”ti.
“Paṭhamaṃ panāvuso, jhānaṃ kati-aṅgikan”ti?
“Paṭhamaṃ kho, āvuso, jhānaṃ pañcaṅgikaṃ. Idhāvuso, paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vitakko ca vattati, vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca. Paṭhamaṃ kho, āvuso, jhānaṃ evaṃ pañcaṅgikan”ti.
“Paṭhamaṃ panāvuso, jhānaṃ kataṅgavippahīnaṃ kataṅgasamannāgatan”ti?
“Paṭhamaṃ kho, āvuso, jhānaṃ pañcaṅgavippahīnaṃ, pañcaṅgasamannāgataṃ. Idhāvuso, paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpannassa bhikkhuno kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thīnamiddhaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti; vitakko ca vattati, vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca. Paṭhamaṃ kho, āvuso, jhānaṃ evaṃ pañcaṅgavippahīnaṃ pañcaṅgasamannāgatan”ti.
455. “Pañcimāni āvuso, indriyāni nānāvisayāni nānāgocarāni, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhonti, seyyathidaṃ– cakkhundriyaṃ, sotindriyaṃ, ghānindriyaṃ, jivhindriyaṃ, kāyindriyaṃ. Imesaṃ kho, āvuso, pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ nānāvisayānaṃ nānāgocarānaṃ, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhontānaṃ, kiṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ, ko ca nesaṃ gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhotī”ti?
“Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni nānāvisayāni nānāgocarāni, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhonti, seyyathidaṃ – cakkhundriyaṃ, sotindriyaṃ, ghānindriyaṃ, jivhindriyaṃ, kāyindriyaṃ. Imesaṃ kho, āvuso, pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ nānāvisayānaṃ nānāgocarānaṃ, na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhontānaṃ, mano paṭisaraṇaṃ, mano ca nesaṃ gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhotī”ti.
456. “Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni, seyyathidaṃ – cakkhundriyaṃ, sotindriyaṃ, ghānindriyaṃ, jivhindriyaṃ, kāyindriyaṃ. Imāni kho, āvuso, pañcindriyāni kiṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhantī”ti?
“Pañcimāni, āvuso, indriyāni, seyyathidaṃ– cakkhundriyaṃ, sotindriyaṃ, ghānindriyaṃ, jivhindriyaṃ, kāyindriyaṃ. Imāni kho, āvuso, pañcindriyāni āyuṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhantī”ti.
“Āyu panāvuso, kiṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhatī”ti?
“Āyu usmaṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhatī”ti.
“Usmā panāvuso, kiṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhatī”ti?
“Usmā āyuṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhatī”ti.
“Idāneva kho mayaṃ, āvuso, āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ evaṃ ājānāma– ‘āyu usmaṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhatī’ti. Idāneva pana mayaṃ, āvuso, āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ evaṃ ājānāma– ‘usmā āyuṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhatī’ti.
“Yathā kathaṃ panāvuso, imassa bhāsitassa attho daṭṭhabbo”ti?
“Tena hāvuso, upamaṃ te karissāmi; upamāyapidhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, telappadīpassa jhāyato acciṃ paṭicca ābhā paññāyati, ābhaṃ paṭicca acci paññāyati; evameva kho, āvuso, āyu usmaṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhati, usmā āyuṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhatī”ti.
457. “Teva nu kho, āvuso, āyusaṅkhārā, te vedaniyā dhammā udāhu aññe āyusaṅkhārā aññe vedaniyā dhammā”ti? “Na kho āvuso, teva āyusaṅkhārā te vedaniyā dhammā. Te ca hāvuso, āyusaṅkhārā abhaviṃsu te vedaniyā dhammā, na yidaṃ saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vuṭṭhānaṃ paññāyetha. Yasmā ca kho, āvuso, aññe āyusaṅkhārā aññe vedaniyā dhammā, tasmā saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpannassa bhikkhuno vuṭṭhānaṃ paññāyatī”ti.
“Yadā nu kho, āvuso, imaṃ kāyaṃ kati dhammā jahanti; athāyaṃ kāyo ujjhito avakkhitto seti, yathā kaṭṭhaṃ acetanan”ti?
“Yadā kho, āvuso, imaṃ kāyaṃ tayo dhammā jahanti– āyu usmā ca viññāṇaṃ; athāyaṃ kāyo ujjhito avakkhitto seti, yathā kaṭṭhaṃ acetanan”ti.
“Yvāyaṃ, āvuso, mato kālaṅkato, yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpanno– imesaṃ kiṃ nānākaraṇan”ti?
“Yvāyaṃ, āvuso, mato kālaṅkato tassa kāyasaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā vacīsaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, cittasaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, āyu parikkhīṇo, usmā vūpasantā, indriyāni paribhinnāni. Yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpanno tassapi kāyasaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, vacīsaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, cittasaṅkhārā niruddhā paṭippassaddhā, āyu na parikkhīṇo, usmā avūpasantā, indriyāni vippasannāni. Yvāyaṃ, āvuso, mato kālaṅkato, yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpanno– idaṃ nesaṃ nānākaraṇan”ti.
458. “Kati panāvuso, paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā”ti?
“Cattāro kho, āvuso, paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā. Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ime kho, āvuso, cattāro paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā”ti.
“Kati panāvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā”ti?
“Dve kho, āvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā sabbanimittānañca amanasikāro, animittāya ca dhātuyā manasikāro. Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā”ti.
“Kati panāvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā ṭhitiyā”ti?
“Tayo kho, āvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā ṭhitiyā sabbanimittānañca amanasikāro, animittāya ca dhātuyā manasikāro, pubbe ca abhisaṅkhāro. Ime kho, āvuso, tayo paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā ṭhitiyā”ti.
“Kati panāvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā vuṭṭhānāyā”ti?
“Dve kho, āvuso, paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā vuṭṭhānāya– sabbanimittānañca manasikāro, animittāya ca dhātuyā amanasikāro. Ime kho, āvuso, dve paccayā animittāya cetovimuttiyā vuṭṭhānāyā”ti.
459. “Yā cāyaṃ, āvuso, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca ākiñcaññā cetovimutti, yā ca suññatā cetovimutti, yā ca animittā cetovimutti– ime dhammā nānātthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānan”ti?
“Yā cāyaṃ, āvuso, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca ākiñcaññā cetovimutti, yā ca suññatā cetovimutti, yā ca animittā cetovimutti– atthi kho, āvuso, pariyāyo yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma ime dhammā nānātthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca; atthi ca kho, āvuso, pariyāyo yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ”.
“Katamo cāvuso, pariyāyo yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma ime dhammā nānātthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca”?
“Idhāvuso, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā …pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, appamāṇā cetovimutti”.
“Katamā cāvuso, ākiñcaññā cetovimutti”?
“Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma natthi kiñcīti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, ākiñcaññā cetovimutti”.
“Katamā cāvuso, suññatā cetovimutti”?
“Idhāvuso, bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘suññamidaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā’ti. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, suññatā cetovimutti”.
“Katamā cāvuso, animittā cetovimutti”?
“Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā animittaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ vuccatāvuso, animittā cetovimutti. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, pariyāyo yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma ime dhammā nānātthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca”.
“Katamo cāvuso, pariyāyo yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma ime dhammā ekatthā byañjanameva nānaṃ”?
“Rāgo kho, āvuso, pamāṇakaraṇo, doso pamāṇakaraṇo, moho pamāṇakaraṇo. Te khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Yāvatā kho, āvuso, appamāṇā cetovimuttiyo, akuppā tāsaṃ cetovimutti aggamakkhāyati. Sā kho panākuppā cetovimutti suññā rāgena, suññā dosena, suññā mohena. Rāgo kho, āvuso, kiñcano, doso kiñcano, moho kiñcano. Te khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Yāvatā kho, āvuso, ākiñcaññā cetovimuttiyo, akuppā tāsaṃ cetovimutti aggamakkhāyati. Sā kho panākuppā cetovimutti suññā rāgena, suññā dosena suññā mohena. Rāgo kho, āvuso, nimittakaraṇo, doso nimittakaraṇo, moho nimittakaraṇo. Te khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā. Yāvatā kho, āvuso, animittā cetovimuttiyo, akuppā tāsaṃ cetovimutti aggamakkhāyati. Sā kho panākuppā cetovimutti suññā rāgena, suññā dosena, suññā mohena. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, pariyāyo yaṃ pariyāyaṃ āgamma ime dhammā ekatthā byañjanameva nānan”ti.
Idamavocāyasmā sāriputto. Attamano āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
Mahāvedallasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.